地聚物混凝土的抗剪性能研究

采用直剪试验研究了地聚物混凝土的抗剪性能. 设置16个试验工况，其中包含3个普通混凝土强度的对比工况. 试验结果表明，地聚物混凝土的抗剪强度随着混凝土强度和抗剪钢筋配筋率的增大均有显著提高，随着剪切面高度的增加而有所下降，剪切面宽度的改变对其影响较小. 该类地聚物混凝土的剪切裂缝发展模式和剪切破坏模式与普通混凝土一致，极限抗剪强度略高于普通混凝土. 试验值与Loov和Patnaik的理论值之比的平均值为1.21，该理论值较其他理论值更接近试验值.     

复合岩石层面剪切试验的研究

本文在不同粗糙度和不同正应力的条件下,对复合岩石层面的剪切试验进行了讨论,建立了复合岩石层面抗剪强度的准则及复合锯齿状层面的抗剪强度准则。实验表明:光滑层面的初剪与复剪抗剪强度具有峰值转换性;剪切位移具有弹性回复位移,并存在着剪切法向收缩现象;剪切滑移造成层面两侧岩石的张裂破坏。     

基于三维重构的原岩硬性结构面抗剪强度

节理面形貌特征是影响岩石节理面剪切破坏的重要因素。具有相同形貌特征的岩石节理面，沿不同剪切方向其力学行为存在差异性。结合三维激光扫描和3D打印技术，针对天然节理岩石的表面形貌进行逆向处理，将其制备为不同剪切方向的人工节理试样，并进行5种法向应力条件下的直剪试验。依据室内试验结果与理论分析，提出了定量计算节理面三维粗糙度与沿剪切方向接触面积有效系数值的方法，建立了不同剪切方向下含有三维形貌参数的抗剪强度模型。结果表明，影响剪胀角的因素与节理面的粗糙度系数和沿剪切方向接触面积有效系数值有关；沿不同的剪切方向会得到不同的剪胀角。基于剪切破坏的爬升和摩擦效应理论，并利用非线性拟合方法，得到峰值剪胀角的变化规律。最后，与已有的Barton抗剪强度公式进行对比分析，进而验证了该方法的合理性。     

考虑结构表层粗糙度的混凝土桩-黏土界面剪切特性试验研究

为探讨结构物表层粗糙度对桩-土界面剪切特性的影响及其规律,基于砂纸规格及表面粗糙度指标的实测数据,构建砂纸规格与结构物表层粗糙度之间的指数化拟合模型,并得到相应的计算公式及参数。基于指数化拟合公式,利用不同规格砂纸模拟混凝土桩-黏土接触面处表层的粗糙度,采用ZJ型应变控制式直剪仪开展混凝土桩-黏土接触面直剪试验,定量分析粗糙度对混凝土桩-黏土界面剪切破坏、变形的影响。研究结果表明:混凝土桩-黏土接触面抗剪强度符合莫尔-库仑破坏准则,破坏形式表现为接触面剪切滑移破坏;在高法向应力作用下,接触面剪切破坏过程可分为"土体弹性剪切变形—接触面剪切滑移—土体弹塑性剪切变形"3个阶段;接触面抗剪强度随粗糙度的增加而呈幂函数关系增大,但随着法向应力的增大,粗糙度对抗剪强度的影响呈现减弱趋势,即粗糙度存在临界值。     

混凝土拉、压强度尺寸效应的研究

分析了混凝土复合剪切强度的尺寸效应，建立了反映截面尺寸影响的混凝土拉、压剪强度的相关关系式及相应的尺寸效应计算公式。研究表明，混凝土复合剪切强度随剪切方向截面边长的增加而降低，且随尺寸的增加，强度的降低呈减缓的趋势，而轴压比对尺寸效应的影响较小。     

岩体异性结构面的抗剪强度准则

利用剪切试验装置，进行了岩体异性结构面在不同粗糙度、不同正应力下的剪切试验研究，建立了抗剪强度准则 τ＝σｎｔｇ［ＪＲＣ·ｌｇ（ＫＡ·ＪＣＳＡ＋ＫＳ·ＪＣＳＢ／σｎ）＋ψＡＢ?     

超高性能混凝土梁受剪性能的尺寸效应试验研究

为研究超高性能混凝土梁受剪性能的尺寸效应，对不同截面尺寸HRB500级钢筋超高性能混凝土梁进行受剪试验。首先分析UHPC梁的试验现象及结果，其次探究截面尺寸对梁剪切延性、剪切裂缝强度及抗剪强度的影响规律，最后基于所得试验数据比较现行公式的适用性。结果表明：不同截面尺寸梁的失效模式均为剪压破坏，梁的应力重分布能力、挠度、刚度及主裂缝特征参数均与截面尺寸呈正相关；梁的位移延性系数、剪切裂缝强度及抗剪强度均随梁高的增大而减小，存在明显的尺寸效应；经对比分析，陈宝春提出的抗剪承载力公式的预测值较好。     

节理岩体剪切强度的计算方法及其应用

根据36组直剪试验结果,对基于起伏度和粗糙度等剪切强度公式进行对比,给出其建议适用性范围.研究结果表明:在只考虑起伏度时,Ladanyi-Archambault公式的计算结果更接近实际值;而只考虑粗糙度时,采用JRC-JMC模型和Grasselli改进公式进行预测更加合理;节理岩体的峰值剪切强度与法向应力有关,当法向应力较小时,节理面起伏度是节理岩体峰值强度的主要影响因素,而随着法向应力的增大,采用粗糙度计算结果与实际值相吻合.     

考虑剪切方向的改进Barton模型

为研究节理在剪切过程中的方向性和剪切强度规律，利用直剪仪对复制岩石节理试样进行了爬坡和顺坡两个方向的直剪试验。试验结果表明：剪切方向对岩石节理的剪切强度有明显影响，沿爬坡方向的剪切强度大于沿顺坡方向，但粗糙度系数（joint roughness coefficient，JRC)的减小和法向应力的增大可在一定程度上削弱剪切方向的影响。节理剪切破坏过程具有显著的阶段性特征，中低法向应力条件下以爬坡滑移为主要机制，而高法向应力下以相互啃食和凸起啃断为主要机制。采用平均有效倾角差指标参数描述剪切强度的各向异性，并在此基础上提出了考虑剪切方向的改进剪切强度模型，更好地预测节理正、反方向的剪切强度。通过百分位数参数建立了三维形貌指标与端部轮廓线二维高差指标的联系，大大简化了节理形貌指标的获取难度。该模型参数较少容易获取，物理意义明确，且把岩石节理剪切强度的各向异性考虑在内，具有广阔的潜在工程应用前景。     

混凝土桥面防水层直剪试验

选取3种常见防水卷材，利用LLM测试系统进行混凝土桥面防水层直剪试验。研究了水泥混凝土表面特性、环境温度等因素对3种桥面防水层抗剪强度的影响规律。试验表明：增加水泥混凝土表面粗糙度，有利于提高防水层与桥面的抗剪能力，但在底涂料用量一定的情况下，混凝土表面过于粗糙并不利于提高层间抗剪强度；不同防水卷材的抗剪强度对温度的敏感度不同，APP（无规聚丙烯）防水卷材敏感性最大。通过改变垂直荷载和剪切速率，建立了APP防水卷材抗剪强度变化方程。最后综合考虑温度、垂直荷载、剪切速率等影响因素，计算出了在标准轴载、不同车速作用下60℃时APP防水卷材层间抗剪强度。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.