行星滚柱丝杠副载荷分布及刚度计算

针对以往行星滚柱丝杠副刚度计算结果精度不足的问题,依据赫兹弹性接触理论,以滚柱为研究对象,对3种变形分别进行理论分析和计算:螺纹和滚柱之间的点接触螺纹槽的赫兹接触变形;丝杠和螺母分别与滚柱接触时的轴向变形;丝杠和螺母分别与滚柱接触时螺牙的变形.在分析行星滚柱丝杠副载荷分布规律的基础上,建立新的刚度数学模型.利用Matlab软件编写计算程序,得出行星滚柱丝杠副的轴向刚度曲线,并通过与试验数据进行对比,验证了该模型的正确性.     

滚珠丝杠副动态接触特性分析

基于Hertz接触理论,在考虑运行工况引起的接触角变化扣离心力的基础上,通过受力分析,建立了滚珠丝杠副的力平衡方程并提出一种计算滚珠丝杠副运转过程中接触变形的方法.以某型号滚珠丝杠副为例,分析了轴向载荷、丝杠转速、接触角和螺旋角对滚珠丝杠副接触特性的影响.分析结果表明,转速增大时丝杠侧的接触变形减小,螺母侧的接触变形增大,两侧接触角的差值增大,当转速增大到一定程度时,螺母侧的接触变形会大于丝杠侧;载荷越小,运转过程中接触角的变化越大,对接触变形的影响也较大;接触变形随接触角和螺旋角的增大而减小.     

滚珠丝杠副接触变形影响因素分析

从滚珠丝杠副的结构参数入手,计算出滚珠丝杠副的主曲率半径,并做出接触角、螺旋升角与主曲率的关系曲线.以赫兹空间接触理论为依据,对滚珠丝杠副的接触变形进行理论计算,并对接触角、螺旋升角与接触变形、接触刚度之间的关系做进一步探讨.采用ANSYS有限元模型对上述接触变形计算结果进行验证.结果验证了理论模型的正确性,表明适当增大接触角、螺旋升角可以有效改善滚珠丝杆副传动性能.     

差动式行星滚柱丝杠承载特性分析

基于空间啮合理论与赫兹接触理论展开差动式行星滚柱丝杠承载特性分析,综合考虑由滚柱与丝杆初始啮合点偏置引起的接触点位置变化对承载特性的影响,建立差动式行星滚柱丝杠空间啮合几何学模型,采用数值方法对滚柱和丝杆的啮合点位置和主曲率进行求解,推导出单个滚柱螺纹齿面载荷分布和承载能力计算几何模型,将模型计算结果与直接刚度法计算结果进行对比,验证了模型的正确性;系统分析了牙型角、螺距、滚柱螺纹节数、丝杆与滚柱材料弹性模量比等因素对差动式行星滚柱丝杠载荷分布和承载能力的影响规律。     

中空行星滚柱丝杠副热变形研究

针对螺纹啮合摩擦生热和轴承旋转摩擦生热两类主要热源,分别计算了中空行星滚柱丝杠副热边界条件。基于有限元方法,建立了中空行星滚柱丝杠副等效热分析模型。分别研究了丝杠在无冷却、水冷却和油冷却三种情况下的热分布;以及油冷却下,不同冷却液流量和丝杠转速对热变形的影响规律。研究结果表明:水冷效果比油冷效果好,三种情况下轴承处的发热最为严重。冷却液流量的增加能够显著降低丝杠温升,并减小热变形。丝杠转速越大,温升和热变形越大。研究结果可对中空行星滚柱丝杠副冷却方式选择、温度控制和热误差预估提供参考。     

行星式滚柱丝杠副的摩擦机理研究

分析了行星滚柱丝杠副由于弹性滞后和自旋滑动等因素所产生的摩擦特性,导出了摩擦力矩和所加载荷之间的关系．计算结果和实验结果对比验证了所得结论是正确的,从而为行星滚柱丝杠副的设计以及润滑、寿命等方面的研究提供了理论依据．     

双螺母垫片预紧式滚珠丝杠副摩擦行为分析

为了从本质上揭示双螺母垫片预紧式滚珠丝杠副中滚珠与滚道接触界面间的滚滑接触特性,基于滚动接触力学中滚滑接触理论,构建了滚珠丝杠副中滚珠与滚道接触面间蠕滑率和自旋率的表达式。利用此表达式并结合Kakler理论,建立了双螺母垫片预紧式滚珠丝杠副中滚珠与滚道接触界面间的摩擦力模型。通过比较启动摩擦力矩的理论计算值与实验测量值,验证了此摩擦力模型的可靠性。利用此模型计算分析了接触面上蠕滑率/自旋率随工作条件和结构参数变化的规律。结果发现:滚珠与滚道接触面上的蠕滑率和自旋率主要受此接触面上接触角的影响,而蠕滑率和自旋率主要影响了滚珠与滚道接触面间的滑动行为。     

微型滚珠丝杠副摩擦力矩模型的建立与实验验证

为了可以快速且准确地预测微型滚珠丝杠副的能量损耗与温升速率,建立了新的摩擦力矩模型.首先基于微型滚珠丝杠副的摩擦机理,利用力与力矩平衡的方法求得滚珠与滚道接触界面间的摩擦力,该方法比通过对接触区域上的切应力积分求解摩擦力的方法更简单方便,易于编程实现;其次考虑自旋滑动摩擦及螺旋升角的影响,推导出微型滚珠丝杠副的摩擦力矩...     

高速滚珠丝杠副动态特性分析

以赫兹接触理论和沟道控制理论为基础,同时考虑自身离心力以及陀螺力矩作用的影响,建立轴向载荷作用下的高速滚珠丝杠副动力学模型.采用数值分析方法计算不同运行工况对滚珠丝杠副力学特性的影响,得到了接触角、弹性变形等的变化规律.分析结果表明,转速和轴向载荷等工况对高速时滚珠丝杠副的动态特性影响较大,高速时滚珠丝杆副的动态特性较...     

小螺距滚柱牙型非接触式检测与偏差评价方法

行星滚柱丝杠副(planetary roller screw mechanism, PRSM)是旋转运动与直线运动相互转化的新型重载精密传动装置，螺纹牙型加工质量直接决定其传动精度和承载性能。针对小螺距PRSM滚柱牙型非完整短圆弧检测评价的难题，利用高精度三坐标测量机对滚柱轴向截面牙型非接触式检测，提出了基于非线性内点算法的滚柱牙型曲线拟合方法，验证了滚柱牙型曲线的拟合精度；建立了滚柱螺纹牙型偏差评价模型和偏差评价方法，绘制了基于本偏差模型的牙型偏差评价图，分析并总结了滚柱牙型偏差分布规律。提出的小螺距PRSM滚柱牙型检测评价方法，拟合残差平方和达到1.5×10^-4数级，牙型半径拟合精度控制在6μm,牙型圆心z₀坐标拟合精度控制在9.8μm,能够定量评判滚柱牙型形状精度和位置精度，在工程实际中具有可行性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the