提高非接触式细丝直径测量精度的技术和方法探讨

基于Fraunhofer衍射和Babinet原理可以实现用激光作为光源的细丝直径非接触高精度测量。理论计算和实验表明影响细丝直径测量精度的因素包括：衍射条纹宽度的测量、入射光波E取向和CCD的横向移动等。从Maxwell方程出发，根据被测细丝表面的边界条件求出衍射场，从而进一步讨论E的取向对细丝测量精度的影响。     

细丝直径的数字图像测量算法

介绍了细丝直径测量系统的构成,阐述了应用数字图像处理的方法对细丝直径进行高精度图像测量的算法。用求刻度线频率的方法得到标准刻度尺的单位刻度像素长度;对细丝图像进行二值化,根据细丝的方向求取细丝直径的像素长度;通过单位标定,得到细丝直径的测量值。与使用螺旋测微器得到的测量值进行了比较,结果表明,基于数字图像处理算法的细丝直径图像测量方法具有精度高、测量速度快等特点。     

细丝直径的数字图像测量算法

介绍了细丝直径测量系统的构成,阐述了应用数字图像处理的方法对细丝直径进行高精度图像测量的算法.用求刻度线频率的方法得到标准刻度尺的单位刻度像素长度;对细丝图像进行二值化,根据细丝的方向求取细丝直径的像素长度;通过单位标定, 得到细丝直径的测量值.与使用螺旋测微器得到的测量值进行了比较,结果表明, 基于数字图像处理算法的细丝直径图像测量方法具有精度高、测量速度快等特点.     

夫琅和费衍射法测量细丝直径的研究

系统分析了夫琅和费衍射法测量细丝直径的各种误差因素，提出了工作距离D的标定方法。对4根直径不同的细丝进行了测量，最后，用另外两种测量方法对衍射法测得的结果进行了验证。     

用激光衍射法测量细丝直径简

文中对激光衍射测径法测量细丝直径提出了具体的实现方案,并与普通物理实验中的其他测量细丝直径方法一螺旋测微器法进行结果比对：用激光衍射法测量细丝的直径精度更高,前者为0.000 1 mm,后者为0.001 mm;在单缝衍射实验中,用衍射法测量细丝直径比测量狭缝的宽度对彰显“衍射法测量微小量”更直观.     

用激光衍射法测量细丝直径

文中对激光衍射测径法测量细丝直径提出了具体的实现方案,并与普通物理实验中的其他测量细丝直径方法—螺旋测微器法进行结果比对:用激光衍射法测量细丝的直径精度更高,前者为0.000 1 mm,后者为0.001 mm;在单缝衍射实验中,用衍射法测量细丝直径比测量狭缝的宽度对彰显"衍射法测量微小量"更直观。     

利用激光衍射原理测细丝直径

根据夫琅禾费衍射理论和巴比涅互补原理,推导出细丝直径的表达式,设计了用激光衍射法测细丝直径的实验,由测量的数据,计算出了三种粗细不同细丝的直径,通过与其他传统方法比较,对于直径越小的细丝,此方法具有测量精度高、非接触、无损伤的优点.     

光的干涉法测量金属细丝直径的研究

分析了用相干光测量细丝直径的原理和方法,分别用钠光和氦氖气体激光测量并计算出同一金属细丝的直径,计算和分析了测量误差,研究和比较了两种光源对测量误差的影响.     

金属折射率虚部的激光衍射测量方法

在高精度激光衍射法的丝径测量中存在着偏振效应，用Ｓ和Ｐ分量的偏振光入射所得到的丝径测量值不相同．二者之差与金属折射率的虚部有关．在金属狭缝衍射实验中也观察到了这样的偏振效应．木文基于这些实验提出了金属折射率虚部的激光衍射测量方法．细丝直径或狭缝宽度随入射光振动与丝轴或缝边之间夹角变化的实验值经过曲线拟合可以得到金属折射率的虚部ｎｋ的数值，其精度约０．０６。ｎｋ之值与其它方法的测量值在２％相对误差范围符合得很好．     

面阵CCD测径系统的初步研究与开发

本文论述了面阵CCD传感器装置的测量原理、硬件设计、软件设计及系统标定，指出了影响测量精度的因素及解决措施。该装置的特点是能够实现对线材直径的非接触测量和对变形工件进行检测及动态测量，具有测量精度高、抗环境干扰等优点。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to