多台阶岩质边坡的稳定性分析及加固效应

为掌握多台阶岩质边坡在开挖过程中的动态变形特性及其稳定性,确定在不同施工顺序下预应力锚索对边坡的加固效应,以具体岩质边坡工程为例,基于强度折减理论,利用FLAC3D模拟分析其在开挖过程中及形成后的变形特征;对比分析不同开挖、支护顺序下预应力锚索对边坡的加固效应.研究结果表明:开挖容易使局部岩体发生破坏;预应力锚索的使用,使岩体的完整性得到提高,并能很好的约束岩体水平位移,有效改善边坡的稳定性.     

缙云抽水蓄能电站节理岩体边坡开挖稳定性综合评价

边坡稳定性一直是工程建设中重点关注的问题,在边坡开挖前需要进行详尽的研究.针对缙云抽水蓄能电站开关站边坡开挖工程,通过现场勘查、室内试验、运动学分析、极限平衡分析和离散元模拟等手段,对边坡的岩体结构特征、岩体质量、边坡变形破坏模式和稳定性进行了详细研究,结果表明:①开关站边坡岩体完整性中等到好,岩体质量中等,满足作为开关站建设要求;②运动学分析显示边坡开挖后可能的破坏模式为平面滑动、楔形体滑动和倾倒变形模式;③极限平衡分析表明开挖后边坡安全系数较高,边坡整体较为稳定的,发生大规模滑动的可能性较低;④离散单元模拟结果显示边坡开挖后在坡顶近地表块体有发生剪切变形的可能性,而台阶开挖处块体可能发生局部拉张破坏,在施工中应及时采取有效的支护和预防措施.本研究成果可以为类似的抽水蓄能电站边坡开挖稳定性评价提供方法参考.     

层状岩体边坡锚杆加固效应的数值分析

利用数值计算软件FLAC3D建立层状岩体边坡的稳定性分析模型,采用锚杆单元对岩体边坡进行加固模拟,得到加固后岩体的变形情况以及锚杆的受力情况.研究结果表明:边坡的破坏形式为明显的直线型滑动破坏,滑块的位移从上到下逐渐增大,水平位移最大处位于剪出口位置;层状边坡锚杆加固后,沿节理面发生一定的变形;各监测点位移沿自然坡倾向位置逐渐减小,越往岩体内部受到的开挖扰动越小;由于节理的存在,全长黏结式锚杆的轴力分布为多峰值曲线,峰值均出现在节理面位置;锚杆轴力最大位置可表征滑动面位置.     

公路边坡开挖稳定性分析及其远程实时监测

随着我国交通基础设施建设的快速发展,公路边坡稳定性分析与滑坡整治设计等工程问题越来越多。以某高速公路边坡工程为例,在分析工程地质条件和开挖扰动的情况下,利用FLAC3D数值模拟软件,模拟边坡整个开挖过程及开挖后边坡在未支护与不同加固方案下的变形情况与稳定性特征;并计算安全系数。依据工程地质条件分析与数值模拟结果,在边坡关键部位安装5套滑动力远程实时监控系统。数值模拟分析表明随着逐步开挖的进行,边坡稳定性明显下降;开挖完成后,在未加固状态下会发生沿坡面的滑移破坏;采用抗滑桩与预应力锚索加固措施后边坡的变形得到了很好地控制;通过对滑动力远程实时监测结果分析得出边坡目前处于稳定性状态的结论。     

浅埋油气管道隧道施工对潜在滑体稳定性影响分析

结合中缅油气管道某隧道洞口边坡的工程特征,采用现场调查、数值计算和原位监测等方法系统研究浅埋油气管道隧道施工对潜在滑坡体稳定性影响,详细分析了隧道开挖前后坡体塑性区的分布特征,提出加固措施并对施工期及工后坡体表层和深部位移进行长期监测.结果表明:隧道开挖导致塑性区的分布向边坡中下部转移,最大剪切应变增至开挖前4倍,坡体滑动风险增大;提出了拆迁坡脚房屋、修筑截排水沟、封堵地表裂缝和优化隧道施工工艺的加固方案;位移监测结果表明,坡体在施工期间呈蠕动变形状态,工后水平累积位移逐渐收敛,坡体基本稳定.     

块体单元法在龙滩边坡开挖与加固分析中应用

龙滩工程右岸坝肩边坡高近300 m,且地质条件复杂.针对边坡中特定岩石块体的稳定性分析表明,在开挖过程中,边坡局部部位,特别是小块体和中块体所在部位,稳定安全系数不足.利用弹粘塑性块体单元法,对龙滩右岸坝肩边坡的开挖和加固进行了分析,所建立的块体单元计算模型对边坡复杂的开挖过程和加固措施进行了有效的模拟.计算结果显示各开挖步位移变化趋势和典型结构面屈服区分布合理;支护措施控制边坡变形效果明显,同时,相对于无支护情况下,各特定块体在各计算工况下稳定安全系数均有所提高.研究表明弹粘塑性块体单元法应用于岩石工程具有有效、适用和方便的优点.     

城市建筑边坡稳定性有限差分法数值模拟分析

基于理想的弹塑性本构模型和莫尔库伦准则,运用有限差分法、岩体力学理论及强度折减原理,对城市建筑边坡在坡顶荷载作用下不同开挖阶段的应力、变形及边坡的稳定性问题进行了数值模拟分析.分析结果表明:由于坡顶荷载作用,边坡潜在滑动面比理论值倾斜度高,坡体出现两个明显的应力集中的破坏带,一个在开挖的坡脚,一个在已建建筑的外侧,且在坡顶荷载以下,位移趋势出现突变,迅速增大,数值模拟很好反应了建筑边坡在开挖及支护的各个阶段的安全稳定状态,模拟显示,此加固措施效果较好.     

修正的广义开尔文粘弹塑性岩石本构模型变形参数特性研究

广义开尔文流变模型被广泛应用于描述岩质边坡开挖过程中岩体的粘弹性变形分析.由于岩质边坡在开挖过程中岩体的变形是粘弹性和塑性变形综合作用的结果,因此广义开尔文流变模型不能较好地表达岩质边坡在开挖过程中的变形.文章针对岩质边坡在开挖过程中边坡岩体表现出来明显的粘弹塑性变形特征,采用FLAC3D数值软件对符合修正的广义开尔文粘弹塑性本构模型的岩石试件进行单轴压缩数值试验,获得该粘弹塑性本构模型变形参数的基本特性,为岩质边坡开挖岩体粘弹塑性本构模型的选择提供参考.     

小湾水电工程坝前2^#山梁高边坡稳定性评价

小湾电站こ?#山梁位于坝前左岸,其中饮水沟堆积体下部分布于自饮水沟沟心到2#梁山脊一带,前缘高程1160 m,上部分分布于龙台路一带的缓坡.拱肩槽的开挖,因其斜切2#梁形成上宽下窄的"倒楔形岩体",其稳定性将关系到饮水沟堆积体的稳定性及大坝的建设与运行.2#山梁的岩体结构特征及其边坡开挖过程中产生的变形破坏现象表明,其变形破坏特点为边坡开挖产生卸荷回弹,岩体应力进行调整,结构面的不利组合使得浅表层强卸荷带岩体产生向临空面的变形破坏,坡体内不存在控制边坡变形的统一的、不利的结构面.在此基础上,运用数值模拟的手段,对2#山梁在开挖及蓄水工况下的稳定性进行了分析,结果表明,开挖边坡在经过初期的调整后,其变形将逐渐趋于收敛稳定,不会进入累进性整体破坏阶段;蓄水工况下,边坡的变形虽然有所增加,但增加幅度不大,在采取适当的措施进行局部变形的控制后,最终仍将趋于收敛稳定.图7,表1,参7.     

鲤鱼塘水库溢洪道开挖边坡稳定性分析

鲤鱼塘水库溢洪道开挖边坡最大高度达到82 m左右,边坡的稳定将严重影响溢洪道乃至整个鲤鱼塘水库工程的运行.在分析边坡地质结构的基础上,提出了其变形失稳的几种模式破坏;针对不同的变形破坏模式,分别用刚体极限平衡法进行了稳定性计算和分析,对边坡不同变形破坏模式的稳定性进行了评价,提出了加固治理措施的建议,为边坡的加固治设计提供了理论依据.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.