基于NSCT与形状特征的遥感影像道路提取

提出一种基于非抽样Contourlet变换（NSCT）与形状特征的遥感影像道路提取算法.首先对图像进行非抽样Contourlet变换,得到不同尺度、不同方向上的变换系数,对变换系数进行增强处理并通过反变换得到增强图像;然后对增强图像进行分割处理,利用道路形状特征对分割结果进行道路提取;最后利用光谱特征对提取的道路进行判断,并利用形态学方法对道路网进行规整.对比实验结果表明：该算法取得了较好的高分辨率遥感影像道路提取效果.     

基于形态学梯度重构的高分辨率遥感影像分割方法

基于形态学梯度重构提出一种用于高分辨率遥感影像的分割方法.针对遥感图像的特点构建多形状结构元素,然后使用该结构元素对图像提取形态学梯度并进行开闭重构;根据人的视觉特征,对梯度的高对比度区域进行还原,用于保证较高的局部对比度;最后使用浸没式分水岭变换获得分割结果.对IKONOS影像进行分割实验,结果表明了该方法的有效性.     

基于阈值分割与数学形态学的高分辨率遥感影像道路信息提取

从高分辨率遥感影像中快速,有效的提取道路信息,一直是遥感学界研究的热点和难点问题。本文研究了一种基于阈值分割与数学形态学的高分辨率遥感影像道路提取算法,该算法不需人工给出道路种子点,方向等信息,在某种意义上提高了道路提取的自动化程度。提取过程是:首先利用阈值分割将遥感影像分割成包含道路信息的二值图像,然后利用数学形态学运算对二值图像进行处理,根据道路形态特征提取出道路区域。     

结合高分辨率多光谱影像和LiDAR数据提取城区建筑

结合IKONOS影像和LiDAR数据,应用面向对象分类分析方法试验提取高分辨率多光谱卫星影像城区建筑物.处理流程包括如下步骤:(1)影像融合增强;(2)影像分割;(3)影像对象分类;(4)建筑物对象几何形状规则化处理.试验结果表明,面向对象分类分析是一种适于利用高空间分辨率遥感影像数据进行城区建筑物制图的有效方法.该方...     

一种基于Snake模型的遥感影像道路网半自动提取方法

在遥感影像中,道路不仅是一种重要的基础地理信息,而且还是提取其它地物目标的线索和参考,道路的正确提取对遥感影像的深入应用具有重要意义.然而,到目前为止,遥感影像道路网的全自动化提取仍处于探索阶段,现有研究仍多侧重于道路的半自动提取方法.本研究在归纳和总结现有典型的几种道路半自动提取方法基础上,提出了一种基于Snake模型的遥感影像道路网半自动提取方法,针对该方法中能量函数的构造、收敛迭代条件的设置、道路中角点的判断、角点及道路网中交点的提取等问题进行了讨论.最后对所提出的方法进行了实验验证,结果表明:基于Snake模型的遥感影像道路网半自动提取方法能够从覆盖范围大、场景复杂、噪声较多的遥感影像中实现道路网的提取且只需少量的人机交互,从而极大地提高了道路提取的效率.     

利用最小二乘匹配算法提取影像道路网

针对遥感影像道路网提取问题,提出了利用最小二乘匹配算法进行道路网智能化提取的思想,通过对影像进行预处理、种子点选取、最小二乘匹配、道路段筛选和连接来实现道路网的提取.利用多组影像进行验证的实验结果显示:该方法能够较好地对道路网进行识别,且具有较好的鲁棒性.     

高分辨率遥感影像分割提取构筑物评估

面向对象的影像分析已成为针对高分辨率遥感影像信息提取和行业应用的一种先进方法.该方法的实用效果,基础和关键在于对影像中所关注地物目标的影像分割提取效果.针对高分辨率遥感影像地面构筑物的提取,采用经验性符合统计比较法,把自动分割结果与人工分割提取的地面构筑物区域轮廓相对符合程度分为3个等级:良好、可以接受和不可接受,对当前应用广泛的两种多尺度影像分割方法进行了地面构筑物分割提取效果评估.     

基于双层案例推理模型的高分辨率遥感影像道路提取方法

为实现高分辨率遥感影像道路信息的自动提取,引入案例推理思想,提取道路影像的光谱、形状、纹理和影像间拓扑关系特征信息,构建多层案例库,在传统案例推理模型的基础上进行改进,提出多层案例推理模型.结合影像预处理、权重分配和分层检索,实现多层案例推理模型的高分影像道路信息提取.通过道路信息提取、案例自学习、案例适用试验及与SVM方法对比分析,证明该方法基本实现道路信息提取的目标.     

基于相似度滤波算法的视网膜血管分割

在计算机辅助眼底图像视网膜血管分割中,基于匹配滤波算法的应用非常广泛.而传统匹配滤波器算法存在分割细小血管效果较差、噪声多以及视盘干扰等问题.本文提出一种相似度滤波算法的眼底图像视网膜血管分割方法.首先用多层阈值和水平集算法提取视盘干扰区域,利用高斯模糊去除视盘干扰区域.然后采用相似度滤波运算对去除视盘干扰的彩色眼底图像进行处理.最后,将余弦相似度图进行二值化后与余弦相似度加强图进行区域连通性判断,实现眼底图像视网膜血管分割.结果 表明,该算法能较好地分割细小血管以及去除视盘干扰,能更为准确地提取眼底图像视网膜血管.     

不同尺度下高分辨率遥感影像道路信息提取

道路作为衡量城市发展的主要因素,是城市发展过程中更新最快的要素之一,其发展直接影响城市功能用地的布局,因此基于高分辨率遥感影像的道路信息提取具有重要而现实的意义.在综合分析各种高分辨率影像道路提取方法的基础上,提出了基于不同尺度进行影像特征基元分割、并结合知识辅助实现基元分析的方法.该方法能够有效地通过面向对象方式将影像中的道路进行精确地提取,并可根据用户研究尺度的不同提取出不同规模的城市道路,最后结合具体实例对这种方法进行了分析.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.