基于GA-SVM模型预测减水剂对充填体强度的影响

 改善充填料浆的工作性能、提高充填体的强度和密实性是矿山充填法的研究方向之一。充填配比实验表明, 在充填材料的制备过程中加入适量的高效减水剂可以提高充填体的抗压强度。为得到经济、高效的减水剂添加参数, 以萘系、氨基、木钙和脂肪族4 种减水剂结合新型充填胶凝材料, 应用某矿山的全尾砂进行配比实验, 建立GA-SVM 预测模型进行优化选择。在优选过程中, 以4 种减水剂的添加量作为输入因子, 以充填体28 d 龄期单轴抗压强度作为综合输出因子, 根据室内试验, 建立训练、验证样本集;建立支持向量机(SVM)回归预测模型, 通过遗传算法(GA)对SVM 模型参数进行优化选择, 当4 种减水剂组合添加的质量分数依次为0、0.35%、0.30%、0.60%, 抗压强度预测值为4.20 MPa。与实验对比, 该模型预测结果的相对误差能控制在1%以下, 精确度较高, 为减水剂添加参数的优选提供了一种新思路。     

黄金洞金矿尾砂充填材料的试验研究

针对黄金洞金矿实际情况,测定了尾砂充填材料的物理化学性质,分析了尾砂充填材料的选择依据、尾砂充填料浆的配比、抗压强度及其依据等相关问题。在满足黄金洞金矿要求的条件下确定了尾砂充填料浆的最优配比范围,并对影响配比的因素进行了分析,可为矿山采空区管理、矿山尾砂处理、矿山环境治理提供借鉴。     

基于海底开采的高倍线强阻力充填技术

 三山岛金矿新立矿区西南部矿体属海底开采,海底充填倍线达13,水平输送距离超过2000 m,属于高倍线强阻力输送充填料浆。为了解决充填料浆输送距离长、倍线高、输送阻力大等技术难题,进行了分级尾砂物化性能测试,充填骨料配比试验,管道输送阻力模拟等研究。研究结果表明,分级尾砂颗粒较粗,脱水性好,但是在输送过程中易沉降;添加细颗粒,能改善分级尾砂的流动性;推荐料浆配比为1：6~1：8,料浆输送质量分数为72%。通过充填料浆环管阻力输送试验和理论计算,得出料浆最大输送阻力为9MPa,除去自重水力压头,需加泵压6 MPa。工业应用结果表明,分级尾砂高倍线充填是可行的,为海底矿床安全开采提供了保障,实现了高倍线充填海底矿床。     

基于海底开采的高倍线强阻力充填技术

三山岛金矿新立矿区西南部矿体属海底开采,海底充填倍线达13,水平输送距离超过2000 m,属于高倍线强阻力输送充填料浆。为了解决充填料浆输送距离长、倍线高、输送阻力大等技术难题,进行了分级尾砂物化性能测试,充填骨料配比试验,管道输送阻力模拟等研究。研究结果表明,分级尾砂颗粒较粗,脱水性好,但是在输送过程中易沉降;添加细颗粒,能改善分级尾砂的流动性;推荐料浆配比为1:6~1:8,料浆输送质量分数为72%。通过充填料浆环管阻力输送试验和理论计算,得出料浆最大输送阻力为9MPa,除去自重水力压头,需加泵压6 MPa。工业应用结果表明,分级尾砂高倍线充填是可行的,为海底矿床安全开采提供了保障,实现了高倍线充填海底矿床。     

不同配比及浓度条件下钽铌矿尾砂胶结充填体力学性能研究

为得到某钽铌矿尾砂胶结充填体不同配比和不同浓度下的力学特性参数,实现矿山安全、经济的生产目标,对灰砂比分别为1∶4、1∶6、1∶8和1∶10,料浆浓度分别为68%、72%和76%的充填体试样开展系列试验研究.通过单轴压缩试验,得到了不同配比、不同浓度料浆条件下的充填体单轴抗压强度与弹性模量和泊松比之间的关系曲线;通过不同剪切角度下的剪切试验,绘制了不同浓度料浆条件下充填体正应力、剪应力和不同灰砂比之间的关系图,计算出了充填体内聚力C值和内摩擦角φ值;通过巴西劈裂试验,得到了充填体的抗拉强度与不同配比和不同浓度料浆的对应变化关系.研究结果可为该矿山采取充填法采矿方案的设计及优化提供科学依据,也可为同类矿山充填材料配比和料浆浓度设计提供参考.     

基于RSM-DF的矿山充填材料配比优化

针对现有矿山充填配比确定难的问题,提出基于响应面-满意度函数法(RSM-DF)的优化方法.以某金矿尾砂胶结充填为背景,选择充填体强度、料浆坍落度和C料单耗作为响应量,运用Box-Behnken方法设计了9组配比实验,研究砂灰质量比和料浆浓度与响应量的相关关系及最优配比.结果表明,砂灰质量比对响应量影响极显著,料浆浓度对响应量影响程度不等,二者交互作用对料浆坍落度和C料单耗有着较显著和极显著的影响;该矿最优充填配比为:砂灰质量比为9.32∶1,料浆浓度为72.00%,相应的响应量预测值与验证实验结果基本吻合.     

七角井钒铁矿膏体充填物料配比试验研究及其工程应用

为确定七角井钒铁矿充填物料的最佳配比,以该矿尾砂、干抛尾、粉煤灰以及42.5R型复合硅酸盐水泥为试验材料,考虑固相质量分数、尾抛质量比、灰砂质量比以及粉煤灰掺量为影响因素,运用正交试验设计法设计了16组试验配方,测试了不同样品的塌落度、凝结时间、泌水率、离析率以及7 d,28 d,56 d龄期充填体的单轴抗压强度,采用极差分析法研究了各因素对试验指标的影响规律及敏感程度,最终确定了最优的物料配比。研究结果表明:当质量分数为78%,尾抛比为7∶3,灰砂比为1∶20,粉煤灰为水泥1倍时,料浆满足该矿充填的各项工程性能,据此探讨了该矿的充填工艺流程,为类似工程提供了借鉴。     

超细全尾砂絮凝沉降参数优化模型

 为了得到最优的絮凝沉降参数,以絮凝沉降正交试验数据为训练样本和检验样本建立BP 神经网络预测模型。絮凝剂单耗、料浆浓度及絮凝剂浓度作为输入因子,沉降速度和极限浓度作为输出因子。对比隐含层节点数对模型训练过程及预测精度的影响,选取最佳预测模型节点数为9。将絮凝沉降参数细化输入到预测模型中,从而搜索出优选样本,优选参数絮凝剂单耗为4.5 g/t,絮凝剂浓度为0.11%,料浆浓度为15%。经实验对比,该模型对絮凝沉降参数预测结果的相对误差能控制在5%左右,精确度较高,可以作为絮凝沉降参数优选的一种新思路。     

尾砂级配的混沌优化

采用分形理论研究分级尾砂的级配.计算国内外大量矿山尾砂材料的分形参数,研究尾砂的分形级配与其胶结强度的关系.采用神经网络建立尾砂胶结强度与水泥质量分数、料浆浓度、尾砂颗粒分维数、孔隙分雏数及分维数相关率的知识库模型.研究结果表明,尾砂胶结强度与其分形级配相关;随着尾砂颗粒间孔隙分雏数减小,充填体强度增高;尾砂分雏数相关率越大,充填体强度越大.用所建立的神经网络知识库模型,利用Logistic迭代方程的混沌遍历特性,采用混沌优化方法研究使充填体达到最佳强度的选矿尾砂最优分级.根据采场脱水工艺,应用该方法,获得安庆铜矿选矿尾砂的最佳级配参数.工程应用结果显示,该方法年增加尾砂用量2.87万t,胶结充填体强度提高8%,为矿山年节约充填成本55.8万元.     

粉煤灰掺量对铁尾砂充填材料性能的影响

为了探究粉煤灰掺量对铁尾砂充填材料性能的影响,通过对正交试验样本的极差分析得到粉煤灰掺量的最优配比,并基于最优配比,采用单一变量法,研究不同粉煤灰掺量对试样的抗压强度和水化产物的影响,分析了粉煤灰掺量对充填材料力学性能的影响规律。研究结果表明,粉煤灰掺量对试样的力学性能影响显著,随着粉煤灰掺量的提高,试样的早期抗压强度逐渐降低,而后期抗压强度逐渐升高;随着粉煤灰掺量的提高,试样水化产物中的钙矾石和水铝钙石的丘状峰逐渐明显,氢氧钙石和石英的衍射峰逐渐减弱,说明在水化反应中,钙矾石和水铝钙石的生成以及氢氧钙石和石英的消耗为材料提供了强度来源。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.