南水北调东线工程水环境污染事故预防与应急对策研究

南水北调工程水质安全事关国计民生,而突发性水环境污染事故对水质安全构成了重大威胁,有必要对工程突发性水环境污染事故预防与应急处理措施进行全面研究．本文从分析南水北调东线工程水环境污染事故产生隐患着手,提出了一系列预防与应急处理措施,构建了南水北调东线工程水环境污染事故预防与应急处理机制的总体框架．随着研究的进一步深入,相关措施逐步得到完善,对保障我国南水北调工程水质安全将具有重要意义．     

流域水环境模型及应用

 流域水环境模型是研究流域水环境问题的重要工具。梳理了流域尺度水环境污染模型及水质风险评价方面的模型,基于流域水环境的污染负荷、水质模拟对整个流域合理规划、管理管控的重要性,从水环境污染负荷模型、水质模拟模型及水环境质量评价3个层面,探讨了各类水环境模型的特征及适用性。结合农业非点源与城市非点源污染负荷模型、稳态与动态模拟水质模型、确定性与不确定性水质评价模型,剖析了流域水环境模型的研究应用进展。     

淮河流域水质状况与防治对策

淮河流域是我国历来重要的经济文化发展重要的地区,随着人口的增加和经济的发展,淮河在水患灾害还没有彻底整治的情况下,又出现了严重的水环境污染现象,严重制约了该地区的发展。近年来,通过治理淮河水质有所好转,但是水污染依然形势依然严峻,通过对淮河水质现状的分析,提出旨在改善淮河水环境污染现状的防治对策。     

三峡重庆库区水环境问题及保护对策

论述了三峡重庆库区水质现状，分析了水环境污染的原因，提出了三峡重庆库区水污染的保护对策。     

华北衡水湖湿地的水质评价

为了综合防治湿地水环境污染,对华北衡水湖湿地的水质数据进行了评价。应用了4种不确定性模型(模糊模型、灰色模型、物元分析、人工神经网络法),分析了衡水湖湿地年内水位、水温、溶解氧浓度和氨氮浓度的变化。利用环境流体动力学模型(EFDC)模拟,与衡水湖2003年的实测水质监测数据进行比较。结果表明:衡水湖水质基本为四类水到五类水;与其他3种方法的评价结果相比,人工神经网络法能够较为客观的评价衡水湖湿地水质;EFDC模型可以应用于衡水湖的水环境模拟预测。     

环境友好型水质稳定剂在天福化工循环冷却水中的应用

本文研究了环境友好型水质稳定剂在天福化工循环冷却水系统中的清洗、预膜及日常应用效果。结果表明：使用环境友好型水质稳定剂后,大大地降低了水的消耗,提高水的循环利用率,减少了清洗污水的排放和日常运行中的环境污染,缓蚀、阻垢效果较好,延长了设备的使用寿命,具有很好的经济、社会和环境效益。为同类工程应用具有借鉴和指导意义。     

基于单因子评价的双树寺水库水环境分析

通过单因子评价法对双树寺水库2010年-2014年水环境状况进行分析评价,评价过程计算简单、结果对比直观。通过实际应用得出单因子评价在水质评价中的推广应用有利于优化水环境管理和推进水环境污染的治理工作。本次评价的结果是2010年为Ⅰ类水质、2011年为Ⅱ类水质、2012年为Ⅱ类水质、2013年为Ⅱ类水质、2014年为Ⅰ类水质。水库水体未收到污染,水质优良。     

西枝江水域环境保护对策研究

根据近年来对西枝江各河段水源水质的监测结果,着重评估了该水域的水环境污染状况,从中探讨对本流域的环境保护对策,并提出建设西枝江流域生态区的设想。     

巡司河水污染初探

巡司河是武汉市主城武昌东南部地区主要排水河道,如今环境污染非常严重。在巡司河流域进行巡司河水污染问卷调查,了解该河污染相关情况,并选取pH值、DO、COD、BOD、NH3-N、P、总Cr等水质因子,对巡司河水质进行相关监测,得到巡司河水质超过国家五类水水质标准。最后,对改善巡司河污染现状提出一些看法。     

净化深圳水环境——水环境治理对策和管理对策调查报告

境内主要河流发黑发臭,近岸海域赤潮频繁发生,饮用水库水质下降,水环境污染已经成为制约深圳市社会经济可持续发展的重要因素。 深圳市水环境质量日趋下降,情况不容忽视,如何治理水污染、改善水环境成为深圳市政府重大任务之一。水环境污染严重2002年深圳市总人口为504.25万人,生活污水排放量达91885万吨,工业废水排放量达4561万吨,比1996年分别增长40.7%、67.0%和36.5%。人口的快速增长,使水污染源大幅度增加,但由于城市基础设施的滞后,导致全市80%的河段受到有机物污染,饮用水源也受到威胁。(一)饮用水源水质受到污染1996～2002年,深圳水…     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.