化学镀高磷Ni-P镀层的摩擦磨损性能

制备了一种高磷化学镀镍层并研究其表面形貌;讨论了其在不同温度热处理后的摩擦磨损性能,且与45钢进行了对比.结果表明,Ni-P镀层的耐磨性明显优于45钢,且经500℃热处理后硬度最高,耐磨性最好,可作为耐磨性镀层.在此基础上对化学镀Ni-P镀层的摩擦磨损机理进行了初步探讨,认为200℃热处理后主要表现为粘着磨损,500℃热处理后表现为磨料磨损和粘着磨损共存.     

机械研磨化学复合镀Ni-P-Al2O3工艺

采用机械研磨化学复合镀工艺在模具锌合金表面获得Ni-P-Al2O3复合镀层,研究镀液成分、纳米Al2O3加入量和工艺条件对镀速的影响.结果表明:硫酸镍、次亚磷酸钠和纳米Al2O3在镀液中的含量均存在极限值,超过极限值后镀速开始下降;在镀液不发生分解时,pH值和温度的提高使镀速迅速上升;机械研磨使镀速显著减小,但玻璃球直径大小对镀速影响不大.优化工艺条件下镀速可达12～13μm/h,在此工艺下获得的镀层硬度高、耐蚀性好.     

纳米Al2O3和聚四氟乙烯填充聚醚醚酮基复合材料摩擦学特性研究

以热压成型法制备了纳米Al2O3和聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)填充聚醚醚酮基(PEEK)复合材料,利用销盘摩擦磨损试验机研究了干摩擦条件下纳米Al2O3和PTFE填充PEEK的摩擦磨损特性.结果表明,纳米Al2O3使PTFE填充PEEK复合材料的摩擦磨损特性得到明显改善,其改善程度与纳米Al2O3的填充量有关,当纳米Al2O3的含量较低(3%)时,纳米Al2O3-PTFE-PEEK复合材料与钢对偶面产生的磨损模式以磨粒磨损和犁削为主;而当纳米Al2O3的含量较高(10%)时,纳米Al2O3填充PEEK的磨损模式主要是粘着磨损;纳米Al2O3的含量为5%～7%时,PEEK复合材料的摩擦系数和比磨损率最低.随着载荷的增加,纳米Al2O3-PTFE-PEEK复合材料的摩擦系数将因纳米粒子效应和表面摩擦温升呈现下降趋势.     

双层辉光等离子制备TiN渗镀层摩擦学性能研究

采用双层辉光等离子表面合金化技术在钢铁材料表面直接复合形成超硬耐磨的TiN渗镀层.利用WTM-1E可控气氛微型摩擦磨损试验仪和GZTC-1磨粒磨损试验仪,对TiN渗镀层的摩擦磨损性能进行了研究.研究结果表明:在室温干滑动磨损试验条件下,TiN渗镀层磨损表面光滑平整没有出现犁沟变形及黏着磨损痕迹,摩擦系数低,表现出了优异的耐磨性及良好的减摩性能.在相同磨损条件下,TiN渗镀层相对磨损速度最小,耐磨性较未处理的Q235钢试样提高7.81倍,较T10钢淬火+回火试样提高5.625倍,较3Cr13不锈钢渗氮试样提高7倍;在磨粒磨损条件下,渗镀层的磨损失效形式主要是镀层的碎裂与剥落,显微切削是轻微的,基本上没有发生塑性变形.随着砂纸砂粒度的增加,碎裂与剥落的程度逐渐加深.在本文试验条件下,TiN渗镀层的磨损机理主要为应力疲劳,其次为显微切削.     

Ni-P-PTFE复合镀膜摩擦磨损性能的研究

本文采用化学复合镀工艺在钛合金基体上共沉积Ni-P-PTFE复合镀膜,并和传统的Ni-P镀层进行了比对,研究这两种镀层及钛合金基体在相同条件下的摩擦磨损性能。实验结果表明,化学镀Ni-P镀层和化学复合镀Ni-P-PTFE镀膜都具有良好的耐磨和减摩性能,其中Ni-P-PTFE复合镀膜的效果更为明显,可将钛合金表面的摩擦系数降至0.13左右。     

Ni-P-PTFE复合镀膜摩擦磨损性能的研究

本文采用化学复合镀工艺在钛合金基体上共沉积Ni-P-PTFE复合镀膜,并和传统的Ni-P镀层进行了比对,研究这两种镀层及钛合金基体在相同条件下的摩擦磨损性能。实验结果表明,化学镀Ni-P镀层和化学复合镀Ni-P-PTFE镀膜都具有良好的耐磨和减摩性能,其中Ni-P-PTFE复合镀膜的效果更为明显,可将钛合金表面的摩擦系数降至0.13左右。     

组合超声场下电沉积Ni-Nd2O3纳米复合镀层的摩擦磨损性能

在组合超声场下利用电沉积方法制备了Ni-Nd2O3纳米复合镀层,利用扫描电镜分析了复合镀层微观形貌和纳米颗粒含量,测试了复合镀层显微硬度,并考察了复合镀层的摩擦学性能和磨损机理。研究结果表明:组合超声对Ni-Nd2O3纳米复合镀层微观组织、颗粒含量、显微硬度和耐磨性均有影响;与无超声和单一超声相比,在组合超声空化效应和协同效应的影响下,复合镀层晶粒得到进一步细化,组织致密性得到提高,纳米颗粒含量和显微硬度得到提升;组合超声作用下制备的Ni-Nd2O3纳米复合镀层摩擦因数小、磨损率低,表现出优良摩擦学性能。     

电沉积Cr/ZrO_2复合镀层的结构和摩擦性能

采用复合电沉积工艺制备Cr/ZrO2纳米复合镀层,分别用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、扫描电子显微镜附带能谱仪(EDS)、X线衍射(XRD)等技术较系统地研究了Cr/ZrO2纳米复合镀层的表面形貌、成分、结构和耐磨性。研究结果表明:复合镀层的中ZrO2的复合量质量分数为1.47%,在ZrO2纳米粒子的弥散强化作用下,Cr/ZrO2复合镀层无裂纹,组织致密,结构呈现明显的非晶态特征;在干摩擦条件下,纳米Cr/ZrO2复合镀层的摩擦性能明显优于3价铬镀层的摩擦性能;纳米Cr/ZrO2复合镀层的磨损主要表现为疲劳磨损特征,而3价铬镀层的磨损机制为磨料磨损。     

Ni-P-多壁碳纳米管复合镀层的制备及自润滑机理

以经过湿式球磨的多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)为增强相,通过化学镀制备Ni-P-MWNTs复合镀层;对比测试复合镀层和普通Ni-P镀层在干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损性能,并分析复合镀层的自润滑机理。研究结果表明:湿式球磨有利于改善MWNTs的润滑性和分散性;MWNTs均匀分布于镀层基体中,使复合镀层的维氏硬度提高至1 050;复合镀层的减摩抗磨能力明显比Ni-P镀层的减摩抗磨能力强,在测试条件下,其摩擦因数和磨损率分别为0.08和6.22×10?15 m3/(N.m);在复合镀层对偶钢球的表面形成了以类石墨结构碳为主要成分的转移膜,这层膜阻止了复合镀层与钢球之间的直接接触,使摩擦过程处于良好的自润滑状态,从而降低了摩擦因数,提高了材料的耐磨能力。     

Al2O3含量对Ni-P-Al2O3化学镀层性能的影响

通过化学镀的方法在45钢表面制得了Ni-P-A12O3镀层,并用维氏硬度计测量样品镀层的硬度,比较了不同A12O3含量对镀层硬度的影响,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)对镀层的形貌进行观测,对其组织结构进行了分析.结果表明:在基体表面获得了A12O3颗粒均匀分布的Ni-P-A12O3镀层,镀层中主要元素为Ni、P以及Al;在一定含量范围内,镀层中的A12O3含量越高镀层的硬度就越高.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to