初速度对被撞船舷侧结构影响

采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立了两船发生侧向对中垂直碰撞的非线性有限元模型,模型中考虑了材料非线性、几何非线性等因素;并以所建立的非线性有限元模型为基础,对被撞船舷侧结构碰撞性能进行了仿真研究,得到了碰撞力和能量随碰撞船位移变化的关系曲线,重点研究了碰撞船初速度的影响.数值仿真结果表明,不同的碰撞船初速度会导致被撞船舷侧结构产生不同形式的变形和不同程度的损伤.同时,通过仿真计算得到了某一确定碰撞情景下被撞船舷侧内、外壳破裂的临界速度,可以为海事部门制定海上限速避碰规则提供依据.     

浮动核电站双层舷侧结构与球鼻艏碰撞计算分析

浮动核电站在运行过程中的安全性是其设计阶段需要着重考虑的问题,这其中就包括舷侧结构在发生船舶碰撞时的耐撞性能。参考20 000 t浮动核电站的结构形式,介绍了利用LS-DYNA对传统双层舷侧结构与刚性球鼻艏发生的微能碰撞所进行的有限元分析。参考舷侧结构简化模型的有关计算公式,提出了一种舷侧结构组合模型用于简化解析法的计算。通过计算得到了舷侧结构变形能随撞击深度变化的关系曲线,并将其与有限元分析所得结果进行了比较,得到了较好的拟合,验证了该方法的合理性及其实际应用价值。     

车架结构对微型客车碰撞能量分布的影响研究

本文以Lagrange法为算法为基础，采用动态显式非线性有限元分析技术，就车架结构对微型客车碰撞能量分布的影响特性进行了捞真研究。探讨了关键部件的建模处理及整车仿真参数设置与控制方法，妥善处理了仿真精度和计算效率的矛盾，实现了用较少的单元和镎短的时间对微小型客车正面碰撞的模拟。在此基础上，本文以添加第一横梁、第三横梁和保险杠前后的碰撞为例，对车架结构对微型客车碰撞能量分布的影响进行了仿真研究。模拟结果表明，第三横梁和保险杠对微型小客车的耐撞性起重要的作用，添加第三横梁和保险杠后，微型小客车正面碰撞时，碰撞能量分散较快，其纵梁前段和驾驶员座位下与前门槛板对应的纵梁部分基本未发生变形，整车的耐撞性得到了明显的改善 。     

基于网格的汽车耐撞性数值分析系统及其应用

基于网格技术以及数值分析理论,分析了网格应用中间件以及具有4层结构的汽车耐撞性数值分析网格体系结构,结合耐撞性理论,提出了汽车耐撞性协同仿真和分布式耐撞性数据挖掘方法,实现了汽车耐撞性协同仿真应用系统与汽车耐撞性数据挖掘应用系统的融合.同时,结合应用实例,将所提出的方法及系统应用于汽车协同仿真及耐撞性数据挖掘活动中,取得了良好的效果.     

八边形逐级吸能梁的设计与优化

研究了一种八边形截面逐级吸能梁结构的设计与优化方法.建立了八边形逐级吸能梁的有限元模型,通过台车试验验证了模型的有效性.采用均匀试验设计方法制订并进行了一系列不同壁厚的八边形逐级吸能梁碰撞仿真,利用仿真结果建立八边形逐级吸能梁的耐撞性回归方程,并进行了回归分析.利用遗传算法,以八边形逐级吸能梁壁厚为变量,对该吸能梁耐撞性进行多目标优化设计,获得一组耐撞性较好的八边形逐级吸能梁设计方案,并将优化方案用于车架耐撞性改进.仿真及试验结果表明,该八边形逐级吸能结构变形吸能均匀,能够更好地达到碰撞安全性要求.     

纯电动汽车正面抗撞结构耐撞性拓扑优化方法

为了解决纯电动汽车正面碰撞安全性差的问题,文章提出了一种综合考虑5种典型碰撞工况下整车优化区域以及动力电池布置分析的多目标耐撞性拓扑优化方法。基于混合元胞自动机(hybrid cellular automata,HCA)算法,耐撞性拓扑优化以单元相对密度为设计变量、结构内能密度分布统一为目标,运用固体各向同性微结构材料惩罚模型(solid isotropic material with penalization model,SIMP)下的变密度法进行材料分布;迭代收敛后,最终得到了传力路径优越、构型明朗清晰的耐撞性车身结构,同时得到符合整车性能要求的吸能纵梁形状。对优化后的整车模型进行的耐撞性验证表明,该优化结构让碰撞加速度与结构变形量同步最优化,大大增加了纯电动汽车正面碰撞的安全性,优化出的抗撞结构为纯电动汽车正面耐撞性设计提供了一定的参考。     

桥墩复合材料防车撞结构碰撞性能试验研究

针对桥墩车辆碰撞的问题,设计了钢夹层和蜂窝复合材料相结合的桥梁防车撞吸能结构.为研究耐撞性能进行了材料性能试验和全尺寸防撞结构的碰撞试验,试验得到最大碰撞力为547.6 kN.通过对比试验获得碰撞响应与规范设计值,得出试验结果满足碰撞条件容差要求,可用于后期的数值模型验证,为类似吸能结构的设计提供参考.钢夹层-复合材料桥梁防车撞吸能结构可以减小桥墩的局部损伤和整体破坏,从而达到保护桥墩的目的.     

基于临界碰撞速度的船舶结构耐撞性优化

分析船舶结构碰撞破损、能量转换和碰撞力间的关系,提出以临界撞速为耐撞性指标的船舶结构耐撞性评价模型,建立了船舶结构耐撞性优化方程.以2艘渔船发生正碰为例,开展了船舶碰撞的数值计算.比较了撞击速度对结构碰撞特性的影响,确定了临界撞击速度,给出了以提高船舶结构临界撞速为目标的结构改进建议.数值计算结果表明,基于临界撞速的船舶结构耐撞性评价指标具有可行性.     

基于混合模型汽车结构耐撞性的可靠性优化设计

针对多种不确定性因素对汽车结构耐撞性产生的影响,本研究提出了一种基于混合模型汽车结构耐撞性的可靠性优化设计方法.首先,建立了基于概率-区间混合模型汽车结构耐撞性的可靠性优化设计模型,并分析其嵌套情况;然后,为了减少嵌套层数,提出了一种高效的解耦策略,将原始的嵌套问题等效转化为单层的优化设计问题;最后,使用径向基函数构建了近似可靠性优化设计问题,并采用局部加密策略提高优化结果的精度.研究结果表明:该方法收敛迅速,能够达到对混合模型汽车结构耐撞性的可靠性优化设计问题快速求解的目的,对汽车结构耐撞性的优化设计具有一定的参考价值.     

钢铝混合汽车前纵梁的耐撞性优化方法比较

为了解决汽车前纵梁碰撞时峰值碰撞力和吸能量之间的矛盾,通过对前纵梁前端使用铝合金、后端使用高强度钢板,提出了一种钢铝混合前纵梁结构.以纵梁两端所用材料类型及厚度为组合变量,建立了该结构轻量化和耐撞性多目标优化问题的数学模型,并对多项式、Kriging和径向基函数(RBF)3种常用近似模型解决该特定问题的适用性进行了研究.结果表明,RBF更适合作为近似模型解决材料类型和板厚的组合优化问题,且优化后的前纵梁结构能在改善耐撞性的同时,显著提高轻量化水平.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.