我国外来物种入侵的法律防控

我国应考虑借鉴国外防治外来物种入侵的立法经验,制定一部统一的《外来物种管理法》,建立专门的国家外来物种管理委员会。分别就有意引种和无意引种制定相应的不同制度:针对有意引种,建立外来物种的风险评估、名录和许可证制度以及相应的引种数据库;针对无意引种,强化和完善边境检验、检疫制度。同时,为了防范和控制外来物种入侵,应当建立早期预警、报告、公告制度和采取控制、清除与恢复等综合治理机制,并强化相应的责任追究制度。     

外来物种对中国的影响和立法研究

防治外来物种入侵、维护生物多样性,是各国政府必须解决的一项重要课题.然而,我国防治外来物种入侵的法律法规却存在明显的缺陷,对外来物种入侵方面的立法也相当滞后,这种现状难以适应中国环境保护、经济和社会和谐发展的需要,也难以符合我国生物多样性保护的要求.因此,尽快建立和完善相关的法律制度来确立我国防治外来物种入侵的法律体系将有重要意义.针对我国目前的现状,提出防治外来物种入侵立法的意见和建议,以期通过法律手段有效地防治外来物种的入侵,并促进我国对防治外来物种入侵的相关立法.     

外来生物入侵与防控对策

我国幅员辽阔，地形地貌复杂，生态系统类型众多，生物入侵比较严重，在许多地方外来生物入侵已经造成生态退化和生物多样性丧失的后果．针对当前外来生物入侵的现状，须建立系统完整的管理体系，加强对外来入侵物种的安全风险管理，积极提出防控对策。     

外来入侵物种造成的间接经济损失估算模型

外来入侵物种已对我国生态系统功能造成严重破坏.由于没有市场交易和市场价格,采用机会成本、影子价格或影子工程费用估算外来入侵物种对生态系统服务功能造成的经济损失.在分析森林、农田、草原、湿地、草坪等生态系统服务功能价值评估的基础上,根据外来入侵物种对各类生态系统服务功能造成的损害程度,分别建立了外来入侵物种对森林、农田、草原、湿地、草坪等生态系统的间接经济损失评估模型;并在参数估计的基础上,计算了2000年外来入侵物种造成的间接经济损失.     

外来入侵物种的危害及防治对策

在查阅大量文献资料基础上，综合阐述外来入侵物种的来源、生物学特征、入侵的过程与机制及其危害，结合外来入侵物种的现状提出外来入侵物种的生物安全管理措施及防治对策。     

外来入侵物种的危害及防治对策

在查阅大量文献资料基础上，综合阐述外来入侵物种的来源、生物学特征、入侵的过程与机制及其危害，结合外来入侵物种的现状提出外来入侵物种的生物安全管理措施及防治对策。     

厦门大屿岛白鹭自然保护区外来入侵植物

近年来．入侵物种由于对生态系统、生物多样性以及社会经济造成严重的影响而受到越来越多的重视。入侵物种与全球变化的一些因素相互作用．对自然界和人类社会造成了严重损失．从而使生物入侵这一全球问题倍受关注。在美国．外来物种的扩散是导致生物多样性降低的第二大原因．对49％的濒危物种的生存有不良影响。在夏威夷．接近100％的濒危物种受到外来物种的威胁。美国每年与入侵物种相关的损失达1230亿美元．其中植物入侵占了很大的比例。每年我国几种主要外来入侵物种所造成的经济损失也高达574亿元．     

厦门市外来植物入侵风险评价指标体系的研究

通过对已有文献资料的分析、实地调研和专家咨询,整理了厦门市已入侵或值得警惕的外来植物名录,并结合前人在外来生物入侵的风险评价方面的研究成果,针对厦门市的外来植物入侵现状,建立了适应厦门地区外来植物入侵风险评价指标体系,选取了厦门及其周边地区20种已入侵或可能构成威胁的外来植物进行了评价、分析,并为管理者提出了相应的建议.     

大数据时代外来物种入侵行为入刑之思考

当前我国需要通过刑法方式规制外来物种入侵行为。在大数据时代,大数据可以对有关外来物种入侵对人们的人身权和财产权所造成的损害的海量数据进行处理从而得到具有信服力的数据,进而为外来物种入侵行为入刑提供有力的证据支持。大数据还可以解决外来物种入侵行为入刑所引发的法律价格,为外来物种入侵行为入刑提供正当性证明。利用大数据实现为外来物种入侵行为提供证据支持与正当性证明需要构建恰当的大数据系统和开放数据,以及注意建构保护个人隐私权安全为核心与确保数据质量的法律制度等问题。     

广东外来入侵物种的生态危害与防治对策

对在广东境内出现的部分入侵物种作了简要介绍，分析了物种入侵带来的生态危害和经济损失，入侵物种的生态学特征、入侵途径与扩散机制，提出了相应的防治对策。统计分析表明，目前广东的外来物种数量在全国位居前列，这与广东地处沿海地区、经济贸易频繁有着密切联系。入侵物种具有繁殖力和适应性强等特征，并通过人为有意引种、无意带入或自然力量进行远距离传播扩散。对于外来入侵物种的防治。主要有物理、化学、生物、替代和综合防治等手段，加强立法和提高公众的防范意识是控制外来入侵物种危害的重要途径。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to