糠醇单体制备支撑炭分子筛膜

使用糠醇单体在多孔氧化铝管的内表面成功制备了炭分子筛膜.其制备采用了3种方法：（Ⅰ）将酸性催化剂加入到糠醇中使糠醇聚合,然后采用浸渍法涂膜;（Ⅱ）先将催化剂浸渍在支撑体上,然后将支撑体浸入到糠醇溶液中制膜;（Ⅲ）先将催化剂浸渍在支撑体上,然后将支撑体置于糠醇蒸汽中制膜.方法Ⅱ制备的炭膜质量最大.方法Ⅲ制备的炭膜质量次之,方法Ⅰ制备的炭膜质量最小.方法Ⅲ制得的炭膜具有最好的气体选择性,CO2/N2的理想选择性为79.3,O2/N2的理想选择性为10.6,方法Ⅰ、Ⅱ制得的炭膜的气体分离性能相近,CO2/N2的理想选择性为20,O2/N2的理想选择性为6.     

SSZ-13分子筛膜在CO2/N2体系中的分离性能研究

使用混合结构导向剂,在摩尔配比为1.00 SiO2:0.10 Na2 O:0.01 Al2 O3:0.10 TMAdaOH:0.10 BTMAOH:80.00 H2 O的溶胶体系中,于大孔管状莫来石支撑体上通过一步水热过程制备了高性能的SSZ-13分子筛膜.膜制备具有很好的可重复性.考察了温度和压力对CO2和N2单气体渗透通过SSZ-13分子筛膜的渗透行为的影响,以及等摩尔CO2/N2气体的分离性能.在压差为0.2 MPa和温度为25℃的条件下,SSZ-13分子筛膜的平均CO2渗透速率和CO2/N2分离选择性分别为1.65×10-7 mol/（ m2·s· Pa）和16.     

金属有机骨架MIL-96膜的制备和表征

采用反应晶种法在片式多孔α-Al2O3支撑体表面制备金属有机骨架MIL-96膜.采用X线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对MIL-96膜进行相结构和形貌表征,并考察膜的热稳定性和化学稳定性.在不同的操作温度下,对MIL-96膜的单组分气体H2、CH4、N2和CO2的渗透行为进行详细研究.结果表明:随着操作温度的升高,气体的渗透性呈现出微弱的先下降后上升的趋势,在130℃时渗透性最小,这主要源于MIL-96骨架的柔性.温度升高导致分子热运动加剧,不利于气体渗透;但当温度高于130℃时,MIL-96的柔性骨架受温度影响引起晶格震动,膜的有效孔径增加,从而气体渗透性增加.同时,H2与CH4、H2与N2、H2与CO2的理想选择性都稍有增加.     

硅烷聚合物修饰对SAPO-34分子筛膜的分离性能的影响

采用化学液相沉积（ CLD）技术将含有咪唑官能团的硅烷聚合物沉积在SAPO-34分子筛膜表面,修饰膜的缺陷以提高其气体渗透选择性.通过傅里叶红外（ FT-IR）、X-射线衍射（ XRD）和场发射扫描电子显微镜（ FE-SEM）等表征手段证明了硅烷聚合物以 Si—O—Si 共价键形式成功地接枝在膜表面.在298 K、0.1 MPa压力差的测试条件下,修饰后SAPO-34分子筛膜的CO2/CH4理想分离选择性由12提高到76,提高了5倍,CO2的渗透速率由7.22×10-7mol/（m2·s·Pa）降低至4.13×10-7 mol/（m2·s· Pa）,降低了42.8;.考察了温度和压力差对SAPO-34分子筛膜的CO2和CH4渗透速率的影响.     

全硅DD3R分子筛膜的制备与表征

采用水热法制备全硅Deca-Dodecasil 3Rhombohedral(DD3R)沸石分子筛晶种, 并通过二次生长法在涂覆晶种的α-Al2O3片式支撑体上成功合成DD3R分子筛膜. 结合X线衍射仪(XRD)与电子扫描电镜(SEM), 考察晶种球磨处理对颗粒形貌、支撑体表面晶种涂覆以及膜的微结构的影响. 单组分气体H2、CO2和SF6的渗透实验表明:采用球磨的晶种所制得膜在500℃下, H2/SF6与H2/CO2的理想选择性分别为11.3和6.7.采用硅烷水解法修饰膜后, 在相同条件下所获得H2/SF6与H2/CO2的理想选择性分别为∞和45.8.     

含钴离聚体膜对CO2的促进输送

进一步研究了CO2、N2和CH4对乙丙三元橡胶（EPDM）磺酸钴（Co（Ⅱ）-S-EPDM）离聚体膜的渗透和分离性能．该离聚体膜显示出良好的CO2渗透性能，在20℃和0．05mPa压差下，CO2渗透系数PCO2和CO2／N2分离系数αCO2／N2分别高达223Barrer和65．70，α CO2／CH4为14．68．PCO2随CO2压差的降低而明显增大，显示出促进输送特征，这一行为即使在膜放置2个月之后并不消失，渗透分离性能变化不大．N2和CH4无此性能，因此在气体压差较低时，PCO2和αCO2/N2、αCO2/CH4可同时提高．由Arrhenius图计算的不同压差下的CO2渗透活化能显示，压差越小，渗透活化能越低，越有利于CO2的渗透。     

熔铁催化剂对费托合成反应的催化特性研究

通过对某工业熔铁催化剂的分析,发现该催化剂的物相主要为Wusite-FeO和C-Carbon。考察了该催化剂在固定床积分反应器中费托合成反应。研究了不同温度,H2/CO进料摩尔比和空间速度下该催化剂的催化特性。发现当压力2．5Mpa,空速1600h^-1,H2／CO进料摩尔比为3／2,温度260～300℃时,随温度的升高,CO、H2的转化率和CH4的选择性增大,而CO2选择性减小;温度290℃,压力2．5Mpa,空速1600h^-1,H2／CO进料摩尔比在0．5～1．5时,随H2／CO进料比增加,CO转化率,H2／CO摩尔利用比和CH4选择性都增加,但H2转化率和CO2选择性减小;空速对该熔铁催化剂的催化特性的影响不显著。     

H2、N2、CO和CO2在液体石蜡中的溶解度和传质系数的研究

在机械搅拌高压釜中测定了290．15～513．15K、0．5～4．0MPa范围内H2、N2、CO和CO2在液体石蜡中的溶解度和体积传质系数。结果表明,H2、N2、CO和CO2的平衡溶解度均随着压力的升高而增大,N2、CO和CO2的平衡溶解度随温度的升高而减小,但氢气的平衡溶解度随温度的升高而增加。回归了各种气体的溶解度系数H1与温度丁的关联式。H2、N2、CO和CO2的体积传质系数均随着压力和温度的升高而增大,温度和压力对不同气体的体积传质系数的影响各不相同,氢气的体积传质系数受温度和压力变化的影响较大,二氧化碳的次之,一氧化碳和氮气的变化较小。     

基于Gibbs自由能最小原理分析CO2重整CH4

运用G ibbs自由能最小方法,研究了重整反应器的操作参数(温度、压力、反应气配比等)对CO2重整反应中CH4转化率和产物分布的影响,以及甲烷氧化反应与CO2重整反应间的能量耦合.研究结果表明:反应压力P不变(P=101.325 kPa),随温度升高CH4和CO2转化率增大,在900 K左右产生的H2O(g)的量达到极大值,在1 200 K以上CH4转化率接近100%;反应温度T不变(T=973 K),随压力升高CH4和CO2转化率降低,H2O(g)的选择性略微增加;T=973 K,P=101.325 kPa,原料气中nCH4/nCO2(摩尔比)从0.65增加到2.0时,CH4转化率从85%降到45%,nH2/nCO(摩尔比)从0.77增加到0.95;反应器中加入适量O2,可以提供CO2重整反应所需的能量,同时可调节产物中CO与H2的摩尔比.     

Au-Fe/NaY催化膜的制备及其在CO选择性氧化中的应用

以NaY分子筛膜为基体,采用离子交换法制备Au-Fe/NaY催化膜,研究Fe3+前驱体浓度对催化膜上Au负载量及其对CO选择性氧化催化性能的影响,同时考察反应温度、进料O2浓度对催化膜CO选择性氧化反应的影响。结果表明:随着Fe3+前驱体浓度的增加,Au的负载量增加,当Fe3+前驱体溶液浓度为5.0 mmol/L时,所制备的催化膜催化性能最好;催化膜在12 h的反应时间内具有稳定的催化活性;产物中n(CO)/n(H2)随反应温度的升高先降低后升高,在80℃达到最小,且随进料O2浓度的增加而降低。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.