跟踪误差的增量式模型预测控制

针对一类工业生产过程中实时跟踪问题,本文提出一种增量式模型预测控制算法,其基本思想是在预测模型中根据跟踪误差采用速度响应来建立预测模型,并在预测模型中采用控制量的增量软约束和在线滚动优化方法使其二次性能指标达到最优。理论分析和Matlab仿真实验结果表明,该控制算法能获得良好的跟踪性能、平稳的被控对象动态响应以及更强的闭环系统鲁棒性。     

动态矩阵控制及其改进方法的仿真研究

在动态矩阵控制中,其跟踪性能中的快速性与无超调性之间经常存在矛盾,作者提出针对性能指标进行改进,形成动态矩阵PI控制.这一算法可以明显改善控制性能.表述了对动态矩阵PI控制算法的推导,并通过仿真实例与动态矩阵控制算法进行比较,证实动态矩阵PI控制算法的优越性.     

基于一阶低通滤波器滑模反步法的直流电机位置控制

针对直流电机位置控制系统在负载扰动情况下存在控制精度低、响应速度慢和鲁棒性差的问题,提出了基于一阶低通滤波器滑模反步法的直流电机位置跟踪控制算法.通过滑模反步法进行虚拟控制实现直流电机实际位置控制.利用一阶低通滤波器计算虚拟控制项的导数,消除微分膨胀,使控制器设计简单,但同时造成了相位滞后.通过前馈环节对一阶低通滤波器造成的相位滞后进行补偿.考虑位置跟踪、虚拟控制和滤波误差设计线性动态滑模面,改进滑模变结构控制律的切换控制项,提高滑模趋近速度,同时降低系统输出抖振.定义了Lyapunov函数,证明系统稳定性.仿真实验对比了比例积分微分(proportion integration differentid,PID)控制和传统滑模控制算法,结果表明,该方法能够快速、准确地跟踪给定位置信号,同时具有较好的鲁棒性.     

电液伺服系统多模型鲁棒自适应控制

针对电液伺服系统中存在不确定非线性和强参数不确定性的问题,提出一种多模型鲁棒自适应控制算法。根据系统参数不确定性范围建立了多个辨识模型,在辨识模型中设计非线性鲁棒项,以抑制干扰、未建模动态等不确定非线性的影响,提高系统的鲁棒性。基于辨识模型设计相应的控制器,采用基于辨识误差的性能指标函数作为切换依据,选取最佳控制器作为当前控制器,解决了传统自适应控制对参数自适应初值敏感的问题。该方法能够克服不确定非线性和强参数不确定性的影响,使系统得到渐进跟踪的性能,提高系统的瞬态响应性能。实验结果表明,该算法能抑制建模不确定性的影响,系统期望跟踪指令幅值为10mm时,跟踪误差大约为0.038 6mm,相对跟踪误差约为0.386%,系统跟踪精度得到了提高。     

行为逼近的动态矩阵控制算法

通过改进动态矩阵预测控制算法中的目标函数，使得对象响应的动态行为更加逼近参考轨迹的动态行为；控制响应中平稳，系统更具鲁棒性；改善了控制品质，同时也不增加太多的计算量，仿真结果表明了这种算法的有效性。     

一种基于LTVMPC改进的 无人驾驶汽车路径跟踪控制算法

在低附着路面情况下,针对现有以线性时变模型预测控制(LTVMPC)为基础的无人驾驶汽车路径跟踪精确性和稳定性问题,提出一种改进的控制算法.以汽车动力学理论为基础,将四轮轮胎侧偏角和滑移率精确地表示为车辆状态量的非线性函数,在预测时域内对车辆状态方程线性化处理而求解雅可比矩阵时,为降低系统维度,将轮速作为非状态量,建立改进的三自由度车辆模型,在二次规划性能指标中加入横摆角速度跟踪误差项以提高路径跟踪性能,考虑质心侧偏角对跟踪精度和车辆稳定性的影响,修正参考横摆角,建立改进的LTVMPC.在Carsim-Simulink联合仿真平台进行低附着系数路面情况下的双移线跟踪仿真,结果表明改进后的控制算法在保证实时性的前提下,提高了路径跟踪的精确性和车辆行驶的稳定性.     

一种改进的动态矩阵控制算法

提出一种动态矩阵控制算法的改进算法,并用该算法对具有大时滞的系统进行研究.通过仿真试验与常规动态矩阵算法控制进行了比较,结果表明改进的动态矩阵控制算法在大时滞系统控制中具有较好的控制效果.     

多连杆柔性关节机器人的神经网络自适应反演控制

针对模型不精确的多连杆柔性关节机器人的关节运动控制问题,提出一种新的神经网络自适应反演控制算法.该控制算法借鉴单连杆柔性关节机器人的一种神经网络自适应反演算法,在反演过程中,将系统非线性未知项与已知项分开并利用径向基神经网络在线逼近非线性未知项;对这种单连杆柔性关节机器人的神经网络自适应反演算法进行改进,构造出新的非线性项,并对转子惯性矩阵的估计转化为对转子惯量矩阵对角元素的估计;根据李雅普诺夫函数的稳定性设计出适用于多连杆柔性关节机器人的控制律与参数自适应律,从而实现多连杆柔性关节机器人的关节轨迹跟踪控制.仿真试验结果表明,与一般的比例-微分控制算法相比,该算法具有更好的轨迹跟踪性能.此外,神经网络节点数取值较小时,该算法也能够保证一定的轨迹跟踪精度.     

一类不确定非线性系统的模型偏差补偿跟踪控制算法

针对一类带有系统未建模动态和干扰的不确定仿射非线性系统,基于滑模变结构控制和模型偏差补偿控制的思想,给出一种轨迹跟踪数字控制器的实现方法.在采样周期足够小的情况下,利用连续时间系统的前向Euler近似离散模型,首先推导出等价控制项作为前馈控制.然后将导出的状态误差修正项和模型偏差补偿项代替滑模控制中的切换函数,其中状态误差修正项用来保证状态误差趋于零,模型偏差补偿项用来补偿系统的未建模动态和干扰的不确定性,从而既保证了控制系统的鲁棒性,又消除了抖动现象.最后通过构造Lyapunov函数,证明了该控制算法的稳定性,同时以两连杆机械臂的轨迹跟踪为目标的仿真实验也说明了此数字控制器的有效性.     

时滞不稳定系统的模糊设定值加权PID控制

针对时滞不稳定系统,提出了一种基于模糊逻辑的设定值加权PID控制方法。采用以设定值跟随误差和误差变化为输入的二维模糊逻辑控制器来在线实时调整加权参数值,使系统获得更好的目标值跟踪特性。仿真实验结果表明这种方法具有较好的动态性能指标。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

<正>~~     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to