随机场的随机谐和函数表达

首先证明,采取随机谐和函数表述二维随机场,则当随机波数与相位服从独立均匀分布、幅值由随机波数和目标功率谱密度共同决定时,随机谐和函数的功率谱密度精确地等于目标功率谱密度.对这类随机谐和函数的平稳性和渐进正态性进行了讨论.进而,将二维随机场的随机谐和函数表达推广至多维,给出了统一表达式.最后,通过数值算例验证了采用随机谐和函数表述随机场的正确性.     

基于HMRF的半监督中智聚类算法

针对中智C-均值聚类算法抗噪能力弱的问题,提出基于隐马尔科夫随机场的半监督中智聚类分割算法.利用隐马尔科夫随机场模型的先验信息描述图像像素邻域关系,将其与隶属度相结合作为监督因子,嵌入现有中智聚类并构造半监督中智聚类目标函数;将欧式空间样本通过非线性变换用核函数映射至高维特征空间,增强图像的抗干扰能力;最后采用最优化方法获得隐马尔科夫随机场的半监督核空间中智聚类分割的迭代表达式.对灰度图像添加高斯和椒盐噪声进行分割测试,以验证算法性能.测试结果表明:所建立的分割算法相比基于隐马尔科夫随机场的模糊C-均值聚类等分割算法的抗噪性能有了显著提高.     

二维随机场离散的曲边单元局部平均法

提出了用于二维随机场离散的任意八节点曲边单元，并给出基于该种单元的随机场局部平均的二阶统计特性的计算方法，其中通过坐标变换和高斯数值积分，直接建立了局部平均协方差矩阵与高斯积分点处随机变量协方差矩阵之间的显式矩阵表达式. 所提出的八节点曲边随机场单元尤其适用于带曲边域随机场的离散，随机场在单元上的局部平均的统计特性计算概念清晰，操作简单. 以一薄板弯曲问题为例，采用本文提出的随机场离散方法，结合Monte-Carlo法分析了随机场相关结构和相关长度对挠度标准差计算结果的影响，同时研究了高斯积分点数的选取问题.     

基于随机谐和函数的复合泊松过程模拟

提出了实现复合泊松过程数值模拟的新途径,并建议采用随机谐和函数方法生成复合泊松过程.依据工程实例,验证了随机谐和函数方法模拟复合泊松过程的有效性.     

随机信号的非线性变换及其频谱特性的分析

本文介绍和分析平稳随机信号的非线性变换及其频谱关系。对于输入信号为高斯平稳随机过程的情况,讨论无记忆非线性系统及一类有限记忆非线性系统的响应以及经过非线性变换后的频谱特性,并详细分析非线性系统函数的特性和使用条件。另外,也对某些非高斯平稳随机信号的非线性变换及其频谱特性进行了分析。指出非线性变换对随机信号具有白化作用并给出频谱带宽的关系。最后,采用本文讨论的方法给出几组实际模拟的结果。     

非平稳地震动场的随机函数模拟

为了精细化模拟随机地震动场,建议了一类2D-1V随机地震动场模拟的随机函数方法.该方法在2D-1V时空随机场的原始谱表示基础上,通过将原始谱表示中的正交随机变量均定义为基本随机变量的正交函数形式,实现了仅用两个基本随机变量即可精细地模拟随机地震动场的目的.同时,通过引入快速傅里叶变换技术,极大地提高了本文方法的模拟效率.通过一个时频非平稳随机地震动场的算例分析,表明了本文方法在模拟效率上与传统谱表示方法大致相当,但本文方法的模拟精度更高.此外,由于本文方法仅需2个基本随机变量来表达随机地震动场,从而可利用数论方法生成具有完备概率的代表性样本集,这将为应用概率密度演化理论进行复杂结构的随机地震反应和抗震可靠度分析奠定坚实的基础.     

基于快速傅里叶变换的三维非高斯粗糙表面数值仿真

实际工程粗糙表面多数符合非高斯分布,非高斯粗糙表面的数值仿真和生成对于研究两表面间润滑、接触行为具有重要意义。基于有限脉冲滤波技术,利用快速傅里叶变换算法,生成具有给定峰度、偏态和自相关函数的非高斯粗糙表面。当非高斯粗糙表面生成时,将其高度分布视为随机序列,用幅值和相角两个分量来表示,通过分别求解这两个分量使粗糙表面具有给定的表面粗糙度参数。结果表明,对于各向同性和各向异性表面,生成表面的自相关函数与给定的自相关函数吻合良好,并具有给定的峰度和偏态。     

基于高斯-马尔可夫随机场模型的运动目标自动分割

提出了一种基于高斯 马尔可夫随机场(GMRF:GaussianMarkovRandomField)模型的运动目标自动分割算法.该算法采用有限高斯混合模型描述视频序列帧差图像的概率分布.在此基础上建立马尔可夫随机场模型,构造系统相应的能量函数.然后通过Metroplis优化算法求解能量函数的最优解,得出标记场,提取出运动目标.实验结果证明,该算法对运动目标分割具有很好的分割效果.     

红黏土三维孔隙结构建模与渗透性能分析

为探讨土的微观孔隙网络和渗流,通过高斯随机场二相化理论来表征孔隙介质基质与孔隙的方法,构建了满足真实土体孔隙率和孔径分布,且具有随机形态的三维孔隙模型。基于所建模型,采用数学形态学图像分析方法,提取与渗流有关的参数,并采用Kozeny-Carman方程计算了模型的渗透率,结果表明：与实验数据相比结果相近,验证了该方法的可行性。可见研究为孔隙介质微观建模与渗流分析提供了一种新的思路与方法。     

带有给定分布密度的三维相关随机表面模拟

为研究非高斯相关随机表面生成散斑场的特性,介绍了一种模拟具有给定分布密度的三维相关随机表面的方法.用高斯白噪声通过FIR指数滤波器模拟产生符合高斯分布的相关随机表面;并引入累积分布函数,将高斯随机表面转化为均匀分布的随机表面,在逆累积分布函数的作用下将均匀分布随机面转化为给定分布密度的相关随机表面,并对拟合度误差和相关长度误差做了简单估计.结果表明,所产生的相关随机表面能够很好的拟合规定的理论分布密度;当设定的相关长度较小时,模拟表面的实际相关长度能够较好的符合要求,但对于大的相关长度,要谨慎选择生成的相关随机表面.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

<正>~~     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to