随机场的随机谐和函数表达

首先证明,采取随机谐和函数表述二维随机场,则当随机波数与相位服从独立均匀分布、幅值由随机波数和目标功率谱密度共同决定时,随机谐和函数的功率谱密度精确地等于目标功率谱密度.对这类随机谐和函数的平稳性和渐进正态性进行了讨论.进而,将二维随机场的随机谐和函数表达推广至多维,给出了统一表达式.最后,通过数值算例验证了采用随机谐和函数表述随机场的正确性.     

基于HMRF的半监督中智聚类算法

针对中智C-均值聚类算法抗噪能力弱的问题,提出基于隐马尔科夫随机场的半监督中智聚类分割算法.利用隐马尔科夫随机场模型的先验信息描述图像像素邻域关系,将其与隶属度相结合作为监督因子,嵌入现有中智聚类并构造半监督中智聚类目标函数;将欧式空间样本通过非线性变换用核函数映射至高维特征空间,增强图像的抗干扰能力;最后采用最优化方法获得隐马尔科夫随机场的半监督核空间中智聚类分割的迭代表达式.对灰度图像添加高斯和椒盐噪声进行分割测试,以验证算法性能.测试结果表明:所建立的分割算法相比基于隐马尔科夫随机场的模糊C-均值聚类等分割算法的抗噪性能有了显著提高.     

二维随机场离散的曲边单元局部平均法

提出了用于二维随机场离散的任意八节点曲边单元，并给出基于该种单元的随机场局部平均的二阶统计特性的计算方法，其中通过坐标变换和高斯数值积分，直接建立了局部平均协方差矩阵与高斯积分点处随机变量协方差矩阵之间的显式矩阵表达式. 所提出的八节点曲边随机场单元尤其适用于带曲边域随机场的离散，随机场在单元上的局部平均的统计特性计算概念清晰，操作简单. 以一薄板弯曲问题为例，采用本文提出的随机场离散方法，结合Monte-Carlo法分析了随机场相关结构和相关长度对挠度标准差计算结果的影响，同时研究了高斯积分点数的选取问题.     

基于随机谐和函数的复合泊松过程模拟

提出了实现复合泊松过程数值模拟的新途径,并建议采用随机谐和函数方法生成复合泊松过程.依据工程实例,验证了随机谐和函数方法模拟复合泊松过程的有效性.     

随机信号的非线性变换及其频谱特性的分析

本文介绍和分析平稳随机信号的非线性变换及其频谱关系。对于输入信号为高斯平稳随机过程的情况,讨论无记忆非线性系统及一类有限记忆非线性系统的响应以及经过非线性变换后的频谱特性,并详细分析非线性系统函数的特性和使用条件。另外,也对某些非高斯平稳随机信号的非线性变换及其频谱特性进行了分析。指出非线性变换对随机信号具有白化作用并给出频谱带宽的关系。最后,采用本文讨论的方法给出几组实际模拟的结果。     

非平稳地震动场的随机函数模拟

为了精细化模拟随机地震动场,建议了一类2D-1V随机地震动场模拟的随机函数方法.该方法在2D-1V时空随机场的原始谱表示基础上,通过将原始谱表示中的正交随机变量均定义为基本随机变量的正交函数形式,实现了仅用两个基本随机变量即可精细地模拟随机地震动场的目的.同时,通过引入快速傅里叶变换技术,极大地提高了本文方法的模拟效率.通过一个时频非平稳随机地震动场的算例分析,表明了本文方法在模拟效率上与传统谱表示方法大致相当,但本文方法的模拟精度更高.此外,由于本文方法仅需2个基本随机变量来表达随机地震动场,从而可利用数论方法生成具有完备概率的代表性样本集,这将为应用概率密度演化理论进行复杂结构的随机地震反应和抗震可靠度分析奠定坚实的基础.     

基于快速傅里叶变换的三维非高斯粗糙表面数值仿真

实际工程粗糙表面多数符合非高斯分布,非高斯粗糙表面的数值仿真和生成对于研究两表面间润滑、接触行为具有重要意义。基于有限脉冲滤波技术,利用快速傅里叶变换算法,生成具有给定峰度、偏态和自相关函数的非高斯粗糙表面。当非高斯粗糙表面生成时,将其高度分布视为随机序列,用幅值和相角两个分量来表示,通过分别求解这两个分量使粗糙表面具有给定的表面粗糙度参数。结果表明,对于各向同性和各向异性表面,生成表面的自相关函数与给定的自相关函数吻合良好,并具有给定的峰度和偏态。     

基于高斯-马尔可夫随机场模型的运动目标自动分割

提出了一种基于高斯 马尔可夫随机场(GMRF:GaussianMarkovRandomField)模型的运动目标自动分割算法.该算法采用有限高斯混合模型描述视频序列帧差图像的概率分布.在此基础上建立马尔可夫随机场模型,构造系统相应的能量函数.然后通过Metroplis优化算法求解能量函数的最优解,得出标记场,提取出运动目标.实验结果证明,该算法对运动目标分割具有很好的分割效果.     

红黏土三维孔隙结构建模与渗透性能分析

为探讨土的微观孔隙网络和渗流,通过高斯随机场二相化理论来表征孔隙介质基质与孔隙的方法,构建了满足真实土体孔隙率和孔径分布,且具有随机形态的三维孔隙模型。基于所建模型,采用数学形态学图像分析方法,提取与渗流有关的参数,并采用Kozeny-Carman方程计算了模型的渗透率,结果表明：与实验数据相比结果相近,验证了该方法的可行性。可见研究为孔隙介质微观建模与渗流分析提供了一种新的思路与方法。     

带有给定分布密度的三维相关随机表面模拟

为研究非高斯相关随机表面生成散斑场的特性,介绍了一种模拟具有给定分布密度的三维相关随机表面的方法.用高斯白噪声通过FIR指数滤波器模拟产生符合高斯分布的相关随机表面;并引入累积分布函数,将高斯随机表面转化为均匀分布的随机表面,在逆累积分布函数的作用下将均匀分布随机面转化为给定分布密度的相关随机表面,并对拟合度误差和相关长度误差做了简单估计.结果表明,所产生的相关随机表面能够很好的拟合规定的理论分布密度;当设定的相关长度较小时,模拟表面的实际相关长度能够较好的符合要求,但对于大的相关长度,要谨慎选择生成的相关随机表面.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.