海相化石群落识别的一种方法——以广西六寨泥盆系东岗岭组化石群落的识别为例

化石群落的识别是古代生物群落研究的基础．目前缺少普遍遵循的化石群落识别的原则，识别方法差异很大，这影响了古代群落研究的广度及深度．根据广西六寨泥盆系东岗岭组化石群落的研究实例，所提出的海相化石群落的一种识别方法，为解决识别方法上存在的分歧，提供了一条途径．该方法以注重群落与环境的整体性为原则，在沉积环境确定的基础上，依据化石群总体面貌（化石类型及其相对丰度）与沉积相带类型的对应性，来识别化石群落．     

断陷湖盆扇三角洲、近岸水下扇及湖底扇的识别特征

根据大量的岩心、测井及化验分析等资料,对板桥凹陷沙三段的沉积相进行了研究,所指近岸水下扇为深湖重力流成因.总结了这几种重要沉积相在岩性、沉积构造、测井曲线、生物化石、沉积序列及沉积组合等几个方面的识别特征,该方法可用于类似断陷型盆地的沉积相研究中.     

柴达木盆地东部新近系沉积相与砂岩型铀矿找矿方向

目的 分析柴达木盆地东部新近系沉积相，为砂岩型铀成矿预测提供依据。方法利用实测剖面和前人钻孔、测井及区域地质等资料，在总结新近系沉积特征的基础上，识别了各沉积相带，并分析了其空间展布；结合砂岩型铀成矿理论，探讨了砂岩型铀成矿与沉积相的关系。结果识别出辫状河相、辫状河三角洲相、扇三角洲相、湖泊相等4种沉积相和9种沉积亚相类型；上新统狮子沟组辫状河三角洲相砂体是铀成矿有利部位。结论清水河斜坡带是砂岩型铀成矿有利地区。     

由地震记录辅助推断沉积相──模式识别在地震勘探中应用的探讨

本文概述了国外在模式识别用于地震勘探方面的进展，提出了一种由地震道分类以别沉积相的方法，在此基础上着重讨论了地震道的分类识别问题，其中包括数据获取，特征抽取以及分类方法，文中并给出了相应的实验结果。     

贵阳乌当盆地白垩纪红层的形成及丹霞地貌

贵阳乌当盆地属陆相沉积盆地,白垩纪时期主要沉积以红色冲积扇相和湖相粗粒至细粒碎屑沉积为主。本文从该研究区白垩系红层纵向、横向特征着手,以实测典型沉积地层剖面和浅井编录作为基础,通过对基本层序的分析和沉积序列及沉积相的研究,识别出两个沉积中心和五个沉积相带。沉积相的演变可以从整体上反映当时该盆地的沉积演化历史。红层作为丹霞地貌的成景地层,因造貌岩性、地质构造、外应力作用的差异,在该地区也发育有不同类型的丹霞地貌,这是丹霞地貌在乌当地区的首次提出。     

陆相断陷盆地单井岩心相分析专家系统

将专家系统的判断和搜索等推理功能运用到岩心相识别领域,从而产生了一个人工智能型岩心相分析系统——陆相断陷盆地单井岩心相分析的专家系统(CFAES).该系统选用了具有自动匹配、回溯、表递归处理和数据库等功能的逻辑程序设计语言PROLOG语言,采取以沉积相类型识别为目的的目标驱动推理机制,实现了单井岩心相快速、客观和启发性的专家式分析;并能作为分析人员的学习辅助工具,随时提供沉积相分类和相标志等沉积学知识.CFAES在渤海湾盆地的两口井中进行了试用.结果表明,它能够象沉积相专家那样去完成相类型的识别任务.     

自然伽玛侧井信息研究沉积微相—以扇三角洲为例

自然伽玛测井是一种传统的测井方法,已往只用它划分岩性和定性地分析沉积相。本文主要介绍应用自然伽玛测井信息定量分析和划分扇三角洲沉积微相带。采用一定的数学方法和计算机手段建立识别扇三角洲沉积微相带的频率和偏差模式图,并利用计算机自动判别和划分微相带,绘制相分布图。这一方法具有广泛的实用价值。     

沉积环境与多元统计综合分析法

本文首先根据地震资料提取了十二种地震参数,然后通过对LH油田TZ地区沙三上段下部地层进行沉积环境分析,确定了可能存在的沉积相类型,并用有序样品聚类的方法对过井和井旁地震测线按沉积相个数进行分割,由此而建立了该区各类沉积相的判别函数。通过这些判别函数,用逐步判别分析的方法,对该区其它地震测线的参数进行判别分类,最后搞清了研究区目的层的沉积相展布。通过分析和计算证明,这一方法对有地震资料的盆地或地区进行沉积相的划分,是行之有效的。     

“探井单井沉积相分析及评价系统”达到国内领先水平

由石油大学 (华东 )计算机与通信工程学院李村合副教授等完成的“探井单井沉积相分析及评价系统” ,近日通过了专家评定。有关专家一致认为 ,这一研究成果理论正确 ,技术路线合理 ,方法先进 ,实用性强 ,资料齐全 ,绘制图件正规美观 ,填补了国内在该领域的空白 ,总体上达到了国内领先水平。其中沉积相的人机交互判别分析方法和电测曲线文件的处理技术有所创新 ,达到了国际先进水平。科研人员创造性地提出了一套根据海 (湖 )平面、各种水位线和特征相标志来判别相类型的方法 ,同时 ,以济阳坳陷中新生代断陷湖盆为背景建立了沉积相分析的构造背…     

一种识别工程图的新方法

提出了一种识别工程图的新方法，开发出一套工程图识别软件。利用该软件系统，对一工程图依次进行前处理、分段处理、圆和直线的识别、耗时约12s获得该工程图的识别图。结果表明：该方法可以较为逼真地、快速地识别工程图，是一种识别工程图的有效手段。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.