三叉晶界优先形核模型及其动态再结晶仿真

为了实现三叉晶界处动态再结晶优先形核,基于元胞自动机的摩尔邻居,提出一个辨识三叉晶界处元胞的方法和三叉晶界优先形核模型,通过HPS485wf钢动态再结晶过程的元胞自动机仿真检验了该模型的合理性和应用效果.研究结果表明,所提方法和优先形核模型可有效用于动态再结晶过程仿真;与传统模型相比,其仿真结果不仅保持了由传统模型仿真得到的动态再结晶的多轮次演变过程、组织形貌特征、"S型"的动态再结晶面积分数-应变曲线和全程流变应力模拟精度(0.1%),而且能够在所辨识三叉晶界处实现优先形核,更真实地反映了动态再结晶的形核现象.     

第二相粒子对8090合金超塑性的影响

对8090 合金超塑性变形中的粒子行为进行了研究。定量金相分析表明最佳平均粒子直径是 0.038 μm。透射电镜观察及晶界角度测量表明析出相粒子影响动态再结晶细化晶粒的过程主要是通过对超塑变形保温期间形成的亚晶界角度的影响来实现的。在超塑性流变过程中,第二相粒子始终钉扎晶界阻止晶粒长大,并且位于晶界附近的第二相粒子促进了大角度晶界凸出的再结晶形核,对晶界滑动起到有利作用。     

对再结晶形核模型的修正

对一种铝镁合金的再结晶温度和再结晶形核机制进行了研究。结果表明:所研究铝镁合金的再结晶开始温度为300℃。再结晶终了温度为400℃。在再结晶过程中有两种形核机制:亚晶聚合和亚晶长大。在一微观区域内,亚晶聚合和亚晶长大可同时起作用。根据实验观察和分析对原有的亚晶聚合形核模型进行了修正。     

稀土元素La,Y对钨材显微组织和性能的影响

本文借助金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射技术等手段研究了稀土钨加工材的显微组织和性能、稀土第二相粒子在加工和退火过程中的变化规律及稀土钨材的再结晶行为特征。结果表明:稀土元素La,Y的存在强烈地抑制垂熔过程中钨晶粒的长大,而且Y的抑制作用更为显著;随着加工过程的进行,将发生大尺寸第二相粒子的变形和破裂而小尺寸粒子不变形的过程,这一过程将改变第二相粒子在钨基体中的弥散状态,最终影响到钨材的加工性能、再结晶行为及热电子发射性能;此外第二相粒子在高温下的稳定性也是影响材料高温性能、再结晶行为和热电子发射性能的关键因素。     

钪对铝锂合金再结晶温度的影响

通过硬度测量和微观金相观察,研究了钪对铝锂合金再结晶过程的影响.结果表明,向铝锂合金加入微量的钪,可以在合金中形成尺寸细小、密集度高而且弥散分布的Al3Sc和Al3(Scx,Zr1-x)相粒子,能有效阻碍位错的移动和亚晶界的迁移与合并,稳定亚晶结构,对晶界有很强的钉扎作用,从而抑制了再结晶晶粒的形核与长大,提高了铝锂合金的再结晶温度.     

基于元胞自动机的物流系统选址模型

元胞自动机是可模拟复杂结构和过程的模型.在分析现代物流发展特点的基础上,建立基于元胞自动机的物流系统选址模型.应用元胞自动机模拟技术及MATLAB,对物流系统的选址模型进行了仿真研究,并获得了合理和有益的结论,可为实际应用提供建模参考.     

镁合金高温流动特性与动态再结晶的关联机制

为了揭示"热变形—位错密度—动态再结晶—流动应力"之间的关联机制,采用元胞自动机方法定量模拟了镁合金AZ31B高温流动应力与动态再结晶微观组织演化行为.以初始微观组织和热力加工参数为输入量,位错密度为关键内变量模拟热变形过程中加工硬化、动态回复、动态再结晶形核和晶粒长大等微观组织演化过程,同时通过位错密度的统计平均值计算了宏观流动应力.结果表明:动态再结晶启动后位错密度分布呈现高度不均匀性,但其统计平均值曲线与流动应力曲线一致,呈现典型的动态再结晶特征;热力加工参数通过改变位错密度累积速度影响动态再结晶形核和长大行为;动态再结晶演化反过来又改变了材料位错密度分布进而影响后续的动态再结晶行为,导致材料流动应力发生变化.     

温轧态Al-Sc二元合金的再结晶

研究了一种温轧态 Al-Sc 二元合金的再结晶温度、ScAl_3 相对合金再结晶的影响以及再结晶的形核机制。结果表明:温轧态 Al-Sc 二元合金的再结晶起始温度为 350℃,终了温度为510℃;细小,弥散的ScAl_3对位错的钉扎作用是合金再结晶温度高的原因;再结晶过程为亚晶聚合及亚晶长大形核机制的双重作用。     

形变热处理对含铋Al-Li-Cu-Mg-Zr系合金再结晶的影响

采用形变热处理工艺对Al-1.98Li-1.90Cu-1.27Mg-0.18Zr合金的再结晶进行了研究。结果表明,再结晶前存在的第二相粒子的大小、分布对再结晶影响很大。时效温度越高,析出粒子直径越大,密度越低,再结晶程度就越高,晶粒也就越小,但再结晶晶粒大小不均。这与再结晶形核机制有关。电子探针分析表明,粗大的第二相粒子主要是富铜的θ或T_1相和富Cu,Mg的S相粒子。     

温轧态Al-Sc二元合金的再结晶

研究了一种温轧态Al—Sc二元合金的再结晶温度、ScAl_3相对合金再结晶的影响以及再结晶的形核机制。结果表明:温轧态Al—Sc二元合金的再结晶起始温度为350℃,终了温度为510℃;细小、弥散的SeAl_3对位错的钉扎作用是合金再结晶温度高的原因;再结晶过程为亚晶聚合及亚晶长大形核机制的双重作用。     

Effects of subgrain size and static recrystallization on the mechanical performance of polycrystalline material: A microstructure-based crystal plasticity finite element analysis

In this paper, the effects of subgrain size and static recrystallization on the mechanical performance of polycrystalline material were investigated using a microstructure-based crystal plasticity finite element(CPFE) model. Firstly, polycrystalline microstructures with different mean subgrain sizes were prepared using simple assumption based on experimental observations, and intermediate microstructures during static recrystallization(SRX) were simulated by a cellular automata model adopting curvature driven grain/subgrain growth mechanism. Then, CPFE method was applied to perform stress analysis of plane strain tension on these virtual microstructures. The results show that the subgrains inside pre-existing grains have an effect on the heterogeneity of the stress distributions. The average stress decreases with increasing the mean subgrain radius. As grain/subgrain grows during SRX, the average stress also decreases. It can be deduced that well-defined and finer subgrain structure may strengthen the polycrystalline material, while grain/subgrain growth during SRX process will degrade the strength.     

Dynamic Recrystallization and Grain Growth Behavior of 20SiMn Low Carbon Alloy Steel

A series of thermodynamics experiments were used to optimize the hot forging process of 20SiMn low-carbon alloy steel. A dynamic recrystallization and grain growth model was developed for the 20SiMn steel for common production conditions of heavy forgings by doing a nonlinear curve fit of the experiment data. Optimized forging parameters were developed based on the control of the dynamic recrystallization and the MnS secondary phase. The data shows that the initial grain size and the MnS secondary phase all affect the behavior of the 20SiMn dynamic recrystallization and grain growth.     

Influence of MnS particles on the behaviors of grain boundary migration in Fe-3%Si alloys

The precipitation behaviors of MnS particles at 900℃ in a hot deformed Fe-3%Si alloy were observed statistically. The ratio of MnS particles on dislocations and in grain boundaries was calculated based on a model concerning the second phase precipitation in supersaturated solid solution. It was indicated that the precipitation of MnS particles on dislocations prevailed. The coarsening process of MnS particles in grain boundaries determined the boundary mobility during the secondary recrystallization. However, the density difference of precipitated MnS particles inside the grains on both sides of a boundary will determine the migration direction of the boundary as well, besides the grain size effect. It was observed that the densities of MnS particles in two neighboring grains were commonly different, and the boundary tended to move towards the area with lower particle density. The factors, e.g. dislocation densities in differently oriented grains will affect the density of precipitated particles, in which the Goss grains with higher particle density could grow more easily.     

相场方法模拟硬质颗粒对两相晶粒长大的影响

将多序参量的两相相场模型推广到含硬质颗粒的三相体系,建立包含第三相硬质颗粒的两相晶粒长大的热力学模型,运用扩散界面场变量动力学方程组模拟含第三相硬质颗粒的两相晶粒长大过程,研究两相晶粒长大的钉扎特点和晶粒长大的生长指数。结果显示,弥散分布的硬质第三相颗粒对基体组织的晶界具有钉扎作用,当第三相颗粒体积分数较大时,晶粒半径很快趋于稳定值。该模型能够反映第三相粒子对两相晶粒长大过程的影响,与现有的相关理论吻合。     

相场法模拟第二相颗粒对柱状晶定向生长的影响

[目的]第二相颗粒的存在能影响晶粒的长大,提高材料的力学性能,因而我们用计算机模拟了含第二相颗粒的镍基合金材料在再结晶后的定向退火过程中的柱状晶生长。[方法]在相场法的基础上引入一个温度控制晶界运动的二维平面退火模型,使用该模型对含第二相颗粒的样品进行定向退火处理,观察退火过程中组织形貌的变化,并从第二相颗粒的含量和位置两个方面来讨论退火过程中第二相颗粒对柱状晶组织生长的影响,通过对柱状晶长宽比的统计来反应这些变化。[结果]定向退火处理可产生柱状晶结构;弥散分布的第二相颗粒的存在不利于柱状晶生长,并且含量越高柱状晶越粗,长宽比越小。[结论]第二相颗粒位置可以改变柱状晶晶界的形成方向,间距可以影响长宽比的大小,颗粒间的横向间距和纵向间距都存在一个临界值使柱状晶的长宽比最大。     

Q550D超低碳贝氏体钢的微观组织模拟

摘要： 利用Q550D超低碳贝氏体钢的热压缩试验数据建立了动态再结晶模型及元胞自动机模型,通过有限元软件DEFORM 3D对试样热变形过程的微观组织演变过程进行了模拟.结果表明：在变形温度为1 150 °C条件下,当应变速率为0.05 s-1时,热变形过程中的试样微观组织发生了动态再结晶现象,晶粒尺寸得到细化;在变形温度为1 050 °C条件下,当应变速率不断增大时,奥氏体动态再结晶的晶粒尺寸减小;模拟结果与试验结果较吻合.     

X-60微合金钢的焊接接头韧性

利用光学显微镜、金属薄膜TEM分析、电子显微分析、CHARPY冲击试验和COD试验,研究了X-60钢的CG-HAZ组织中第二相粒子行为以及焊接接头韧性.结果表明,细小弥散的第二相粒子能有效地阻碍焊接热影响区粗晶区的原奥氏体晶粒长大,改善该区域的韧性.不同的800～500℃冷却时间,第二相粒子在热循环过程中溶解、粗化以及再析出行为不同,因而其阻碍奥氏体晶粒长大的能力也不同.t8/5由10s增大到70s时,CG-HAZ显微组织由上贝氏体+粒状贝氏体转变为粒状贝氏体,且奥氏体晶粒尺寸稍有长大,因此其韧性略有下降.     

用第二相粒子细化HSLA钢晶粒

文章总结了用第二相粒子细化晶粒的理论。比较了各种第二相粒子细化晶粒的效果，提出使用ＳｉＯ２粒子细化ＨＳＬＡ钢晶粒的可能性。理论分析表明，在凝固过程中有可能获得较高的ＳｉＯ２粒子体积分数。此外，还进行了实验室研究，得到了较小尺寸的ＳｉＯ２粒子。     

In situ observation of austenite grain growth behavior in the simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone of Ti-microalloyed steels

The austenite grain growth behavior in a simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone during thermal cycling was investigated via in situ observation. Austenite grains nucleated at ferrite grain boundaries and then grew in different directions through movement of grain boundaries into the ferrite phase. Subsequently, the adjacent austenite grains impinged against each other during the α→γ transformation. After the α→γ transformation, austenite grains coarsened via the coalescence of small grains and via boundary migration between grains. The growth process of austenite grains was a continuous process during heating, isothermal holding, and cooling in simulated thermal cycling. Abundant finely dispersed nanoscale TiN particles in a steel specimen containing 0.012wt% Ti effectively retarded the grain boundary migration, which resulted in refined austenite grains. When the Ti concentration in the steel was increased, the number of TiN particles decreased and their size coarsened. The big particles were not effective in pinning the austenite grain boundary movement and resulted in coarse austenite grains.