冻藏对面筋蛋白二级结构的影响

采用圆二色谱法表征了不同冻藏模式和冻藏时间对小麦面筋蛋白二级结构的影响.结果表明:在SDS溶液中,未经冻藏的面筋蛋白二级结构主要由β折叠和无规则卷曲组成;当冻藏时间小于60天时,两种冻藏模式对小麦面筋蛋白的二级结构影响不大;恒温冻藏模式中面筋蛋白二级结构在冻藏90天时变化最显著,易溶部分中α螺旋转化为β折叠和β转角,难溶部分中β折叠和β转角转化为α螺旋和无规则卷曲;冻融冻藏模式中面筋蛋白二级结构在冻藏60天时变化最显著,易溶部分中α螺旋转化为β折叠和无规则卷曲,难溶部分中β折叠和β转角转化为α螺旋和无规则卷曲.这说明,在恒温冻藏模式下,只有当冻藏时间达到或超过90天的时候,才对面筋蛋白的二级结构产生影响,而在冻融模式下,冻藏时间仅为60天时便可对面筋蛋白的二级结构产生影响.     

缓交联铬冻胶体系影响因素分析

缓交联铬冻胶体系由部分水解聚丙烯酰胺、重铬酸钠与有机还原剂硫脲组成。由于硫脲的还原能力弱 ,因此该体系成冻时间较长 ,其终冻时间长达 8～ 10d ,可用于油藏的深部调剖。分析了铬冻胶的形成过程 ,通过测定成冻时间 (包括初冻时间及终冻时间 )和突破真空度评价了各种因素的影响。研究结果表明 ,随着交联剂质量分数的减少、pH值的升高 ,铬冻胶体系的成冻时间延长 ,强度增大 ;随着部分水解聚丙烯酰胺质量分数的增大 ,成冻时间缩短 ,强度增大 ;随着温度的升高 ,成冻时间缩短 ,强度变化不大     

中国对虾单条冻加工法

中国对虾单条冻加工法,是一种新的科学加工对虾方法。据射阳县射阳港对虾养殖公司1991年对虾单条冻加工实践:加工1吨单条冻对虾比传统的块冻法,加工时间缩短8—10小时,速冻时间缩短5—6小时,仅速冻费就节省资金115.14元,保持了产品的新鲜度,加工正品率可提高到97.6％。在国际市场销售中,单条冻对虾比传统的块冻对虾更符合市场和客户的需要,而且每吨单条冻对虾又比传统的块冻对虾多创利5796元左右。因此,对虾单条冻加工法是目前和今后加工对虾重点推广和应用的方法。     

不同冷冻贮藏温度对脆肉鲩冻结鱼片品质的影响

摘要：对脆肉鲩鱼片在不同冻藏温度条件（-18℃、-25℃、-30℃）下,理化感官指标的变化进行了研究。不同的冻藏温度对各理化指标有显著影响（P<0.05）,尤其是随着冻藏时间的延长,差异更明显。冻藏温度降低,脆肉鲩鱼片的汁液流失、蒸煮损失、TBA值和盐溶蛋白含量下降减少。经过冻藏的脆肉鲩鱼片,硬度显著增加,耐嚼性显著增加,回复性显著降低（P<0.05）。感官评价表明冻藏过程脆肉鲩鱼片的感官品质下降,采用较低的温度冻藏可以减少感官品质的变化,在-30℃下冻藏时可明显减缓该过程的发生。     

短时冻区气候下土坡浅层水热状况的数值分析

为揭示短时冻区气候下土坡浅层水热状况,利用有限差分技术编制边坡水热耦合程序,分析福建地区典型短时冻区气候下土坡浅层的冻深、冻结时间与含冰率状况以及日最低气温、辐射与平均风速对土坡浅层的冻深、冻结时间与含冰率的影响规律。结果表明:在福建典型短时冻区气候下,土坡浅层最大的冻深约为10 cm以内,浅层一般约在4:00开始冻结,含冰率峰值一般出现在表层以下;日最低气温对土坡浅层冻深、冻结时间与含冰率峰值均有明显影响;风速及太阳辐射对土坡浅层冻深与含冰率峰值影响不大,但对土坡浅层冻结时间的长短影响较大。建议短时冻区土质边坡冻融失稳分析时重点关注浅层10 cm左右的稳定性。     

用冻点下降法测量溶液的渗透压

用冻点下降法测定溶液的渗透压,先通过溶液的步冷曲线找到相应的冻点,再根据冻点与渗透压间的比例关系计算其渗透压值。     

人外周血DC细胞的冻存

目的:探讨人外周血DC细胞的冻存方法和意义。方法:通过树突状细胞的分离和培养,抗原标本前处理,抗原的装载,实验分组,细胞冻存等,研究树突状细胞冻存情况。结果:冷冻DC细胞保持了它的特性,但会因冻溶过程中生物特性有所减低。结论:我们在应用冻存DC细胞时应考虑增加输入细胞的量。     

不同温度冻藏对脆肉鲩鱼片品质的影响

研究了脆肉鲩鱼片在-18,-25和-30 ℃下冻藏过程中的理化和感官品质变化.发现冻藏温度对脆肉鲩鱼片的解冻汁液流失率、蒸煮损失率、TBA值和盐溶蛋白含量等理化指标均有显著影响(P<0.05),且随着冻藏时间的延长,差异更明显.冻藏温度愈低,汁液流失率、蒸煮损失率、TBA值增加愈小,盐溶蛋白含量下降也愈小.TPA值的测定显示:经过冻藏的脆肉鲩鱼片的硬度和耐咀性显著增加,回复性显著降低(P<0.05);较低的冻藏温度可使各指标数值的变化趋缓,-30 ℃下冻藏4周,脆肉鲩鱼片的硬度和耐咀性与新鲜鱼片的相比变化不大.感官评价表明:冻藏降低了脆肉鲩鱼片的感官品质,冻藏过程中鱼肉的质地由脆性向硬实、气味由鱼香味向肉香味转变;冻藏温度的降低会使转变的速率减慢,采用较低的温度(如-30 ℃)冻藏可以减少感官品质的变化.     

魔芋葡甘聚糖凝胶技术在仿生海蚂蝗上的应用研究

以魔芋葡甘聚糖、卡拉胶、鲜竹笋等为原料,以传统海蚂蝗冻加工工艺为模型,研究一种仿生"海蚂蝗冻"的加工工艺.在单因素试验基础上,采用正交试验确定影响海蚂蝗冻产品质量的最佳配方.研究结果表明,仿生"海蚂蝗冻"的最佳配方为魔芋用量0.5g,卡拉胶用量0.5g,竹笋用量17g,CaCl2用量0.10g,盐用量0.8g.此配方制得的仿生"海蚂蝗冻"笋肉酸甜可口,冻体透明、脆度适中,既美观又可口,市场前景广阔.     

长成冻时间的深部调驱剂研究

长成冻时间的深部调驱剂是以 HPAM为主的复配聚合物 ,由树脂交联剂 1 0 3交联形成的 .由冻胶强度级别的划分定性地测定成冻时间和突破真空度的方法定量测定冻胶强度 .评价了不同聚合物、交联剂及矿化度在不同温度下的成冻时间及强度 ,并作出了成冻时间及强度等值图 .结果表明 :成冻时间在 1～ 3 0 d范围内可调 ,强度 (即 p BV值 )在 - 0 .0 6 0～ - 0 .0 3 0 MPa范围内可调 .由成冻时间和强度等值图可找出具体地层条件下的不同成冻时间及不同强度调驱剂配方     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with