激光诱导Cu等离子体发射光谱的实验研究

利用Q－开关Nd：YAG激光器产生的1．06μm、10ns的脉冲激光聚焦在空气中的Cu靶上，观测了激光诱导的Cu等离子体发射光谱．采用激光能量为45mJ／pulse，分析了波长为440～540nm的空间分辨发射光谱．在局部热力学平衡(LTE)条件近似下，根据谱线的相对强度，得到等离子体电子温度约在10^4K以上．给出了靶面附近电子温度和谱线半高全宽的空间演化规律．     

二维无碰撞离子引出过程的数值模拟

利用流体理论电子平衡模型，对二维不考虑带电粒子碰撞的激光分离同位素（ＡＶＬＩＳ）离子引出过程进行了数值模拟，包括对不同收集方式进行了模拟和对比，研究了离子引出过程中的物理机理及物理量的空间分布特点，表明等离子体电位略高于阳极电位，并在离子引出过程中基本保持不变；电子温度越高等离子体电位越高，离子引出时间越短；对称收集方式的离子引出时间短且离子逃逸量也少。     

脉冲Nd：YAG激光烧蚀金属Cu的诱导发光机理

通过测定Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ脉冲激光烧蚀金属Ｃｕ 靶诱导等离子体发光羽的发射光谱及其强度随时间与空间的分布,对发光粒子的激发机理进行了研究,结果表明,激光烧蚀诱导等离子体发光羽中,电子碰撞传能是原子和离子激发的主要途径。     

玻耳兹曼和萨哈玻耳兹曼法测量Ti等离子体电子温度的实验研究

电子温度是表征激光等离子体特性的主要特征参数,对等离子体电子温度的诊断可进一步深入理解等离子体内部的反应机制及其变化过程．激光诱导击穿光谱技术（LIBS）作为一种新型的等离子体诊断技术,可应用于等离子体各种性质的研究和参数的诊断．大气压环境下产生的等离子体一般被看作处于局域热平衡状态,可以用玻尔兹曼或萨哈玻尔兹曼法确定电子温度．笔者介绍了玻尔兹曼和萨哈玻尔兹曼确定电子温度的两种方法,通过对实验得到的Ti等离子体发射光谱分析,发现两种方法得到的电子温度往往存在差异,且在玻尔兹曼法中利用中性原子和离子得到的电子温度也往往不同,在文章中对这些差异进行了解释．     

外加电场下激光诱导Al等离子体特性的实验研究

由Q-Nd∶YAG脉冲激光(波长1.06μm,脉宽10 ns)烧蚀Al靶产生等离子体.观测了在低气压和直流电场条件下的Al等离子体发射光谱.研究了激光功率密度和直流电场对各谱线强度的影响,分析了等离子体电子温度与激光能量之间的变化规律.结果表明,直流电场对铝原子谱线和离子谱线强度有显著的增强作用,铝等离子体的电子温度随激光功率密度持续增长.     

激光产生的Si等离子体的光谱分析

利用双脉冲激光等离子体光谱技术测量了激光烧蚀Si靶产生的极真空紫外波段等离子体光谱,通过标定发现,光谱中的分立谱线主要来自于Si 7+-Si 10+离子的2s-2p跃迁.基于稳态碰撞辐射模型和激发态粒子数布居满足归一化玻尔兹曼分布的假设,计算了不同电荷态Si离子的离子丰度随电子温度的变化关系,并给出了不同等离子体参数条件下的理论模拟光谱.通过与实验光谱的比较,确定了等离子体参数.     

激光产生的硫等离子体2s—2p光谱及分析模拟

利用双脉冲激光等离子体光谱技术测量了激光作用于高纯度硫靶产生的16~24nm波段的发射光谱,分析发现谱线主要来自Sq+(q=7,8,9,10)离子的2s—2p跃迁.基于稳态碰撞辐射模型和激发态离子数布局满足归一化玻尔兹曼分布的假设,计算了不同离化态硫离子在不同等离子体温度和电子密度下的布居数,在不同电子温度下模拟了等离子体光谱,并通过与实验光谱比较确定了等离子体参数.     

地—星上行激光通信中大气折射及色散引起的对准误差

在地—星上行激光通信中,大气折射引起激光束传播方向偏折,使激光束更难对准卫星。根据大气温度垂直分布的线形分段模型,采用数值迭代方法计算了大气的折射及色散。分析了在天顶角、地面站海拔高度、超前对准及激光波长等参数影响下,大气折射及色散引起的对准误差。研究结果表明：对于波长范围较大的多波长激光通信系统,需要考虑大气色散引起的对准误差。     

真空中铝锡合金激光等离子体的时间演化研究

利用时间分辨发射光谱法测量了真空环境中激光Al-Sn合金等离子体时间演化光谱,结合基于流体动力学方程和辐射输运方程的多元素激光等离子体辐射流体动力学模型及程序,模拟了Al-Sn合金等离子体在真空中的膨胀演化,实现了不同电荷态Al、Sn离子在等离子体演化过程中离子密度和等离子体温度的空间分布诊断.结果表明,理论模拟的谱线强度及其时间演化规律与实验结果符合较好,理论重构的不同时间延迟下离子密度和等离子体温度的空间分布图像可以直观地呈现多元素等离子体中不同电荷态离子在等离子体中的演化过程,预期可为多元素情形下的激光等离子体辐射特性及其应用提供帮助.     

短距离无线激光通信系统波长选择分析

无线激光通信系统中激光调制信号在大气信道中传输时受背景光、大气衰减、湍流效应等诸多因素的影响．传统上认为红外波段的激光更适合于在大气信道中传输．基于对红光激光束大气传输特性的分析，讨论了激光束传输过程中背景光干扰、大气衰减和湍流效应的影响.结果表明：红光波段激光和红外波段激光用于短距离无线激光通信时受信道的影响差别不大，红光波段激光可用以加载调制信号有望实现无线高速数据传输．     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to