Thermal Insulation Distribution Pattern of Layered Clothing Ensemble

Clothedbodyincludesclothingandhumanbodytwo parts.Clothingperformance,likeitsthermalinsulation, isinfluencedbyclothingformanddressingway.Because theairlayeroverskinsurfaceanditsstatearedetermined bytheairlayerunderclothing,clothingcoveringarea,airlayerdistribution,clothingoverlap,clothingweightandsoon,thethermalinsulationpropertiesatdifferent partschangewithclothingoverlaplayer,airgapsbetweenclothinglayersandmaterialcombinations[1].In thisresearchtherelationshipbetweenthethermal insulationofmul…     

服装开口部位对着装热舒适性的影响

服装开口是促进衣下空间与外界环境之间热交换的重要途径.采用暖体假人和人体生理试验方法,在无风和有风两种条件下,对胸部、背部和腋下等不同部位开口及无开口状态下的服装热阻、平均皮肤温度、衣下湿度和主观舒适感等指标进行测量.研究结果显示,服装开口部位对服装总热阻有影响,腋下开口的服装热阻最低;服装开口部位对人体体温调节有显著影响,在胸部和腋下开口有助于增强衣下空气与外界环境之间气体交换,增加对流和蒸发散热,从而减缓皮肤温度和衣下湿度升高.试验结果同时表明,风速对服装热阻及人体各项生理指标的影响更为显著.总体而言,服装腋下部位开口对人体热湿生理调节起到促进作用,具有较好着装舒适感.     

服装隔热性能的测试与分析

利用暖体假人设备对影响人体热舒适的因素之一——服装热阻进行测试,得出单件服装热阻与组合服装热阻之间的相互关系,并分析不同穿着方式和环境温度对服装热阻的影响,为人体热舒适及其相关因素的研究提供参考依据。     

服用纺织品热传递性能的研究

本文研究了服用纺织品的热传递性能。利用自制的织物热传递性能测试仪,对若干种服用纺织品进行了测试。据此对影响服用纺织品热传递性能的因素进行了探讨,获得了絮片制品结构与保暖性能的关系;织物压缩性能与热传递性能的关系;以及服用纺织品的瞬态热传递性能与制品厚度,表面性质的关系等。     

建筑外围护结构保温辨析

分析了各种外墙保温材料在保温方面的优点及不足,简述了各种外墙保温材料在我国应用的现状。指出:外墙保温涉及的因素较多,一味地提高材料的防火性能未必合理,应该从材料、系统、工艺和施工管理等方面进行科学的综合分析,才能达到安全、适用、环保、耐久、经济等效果。     

基于暖体假人实验的防刺服热阻和湿阻研究

为有效提高防护服装舒适性、降低人员体力消耗、加快人体防护装备研制与开发,开展了利用出汗暖体假人测量防刺服在不同环境下的热阻与湿阻特性的研究.根据国际标准,假人只适用于常温环境下服装的热阻和湿阻测量.对原有热阻模型进行修正,结合热电偶测量方法以及暖体假人测量技术,实现高温下防刺服热阻和湿阻测量.在温、湿度可控制的气候室内,设置不同环境工况,获得两套防刺服的热阻和湿阻特性,比较了不同防刺基板材料对防刺服热阻和湿阻的影响,以及防刺服不同部位热阻和湿阻的差异.实验结果表明,防刺服热阻随着温度升高而降低;而湿阻随着环境温度升高而增大,随着湿度增加而减少.      

Development of a New-type Sweating Manikin System

IntroductionClothing s heat and moisture transport perfor mance isaffected not only by many physical factors ,such as fabricthickness , weight , and air per meability , but also byclothing construction factors like design/style , size ,accessory ,and how a gar ment is worn.In looking at theresearch conductedin clothing comfort ,various approacheshave been used for measuring ther mal insulation andmoisture evaporative resistance .Experi ments like sweating guarded hot plate testprocedures have …     

人体着装部位间皮肤冷感受之差异性研究——体表温度动态变化的过程分析

人体着装部位间皮肤冷感受之差异性规律是隔热防寒服等服务服装设计的基础，利用一种着装温度舒适性感觉计测的新方法，实时监控测试研究了着装人体不同身体部位在受到同样程序的冷刺激时皮肤温度随时序的变化过程，并运用Smirnov检测分析了主要身体部位对冷刺激导致的皮肤温度动态渐变规律。     

Numerical Estimation of the Thermal Response of Thermal Protective Clothing-Air Gap-Human Skin Micro-system

Thermal protective clothing has been recognized as the primary shielding against emergency fire hazard and inflammable gas leakage. Therefore,the thermal response of human covered with thermal protective clothing under high temperature is the key work to investigate the thermal insulation of thermal protective clothing. A coupling model composed of thermal protective clothing,air gap and human skin is established and the temperature of the micro-system is numerically solved via the finite element method( FEM).Especially,the heat transfer of air gap located between clothing and human skin considering conduction and radiation is established while the human skin layers involve the effect of blood perfusion. Then the effect of thermophysical properties( thermal conductivity and volumetric capacity) of fabric and thickness of fabric and air on the thermal response of the micro-system is elucidated and compared.The results indicate that the volumetric heat capacity of fabric is the key parameter to affect the thermal shielding performance of thermal protective clothing,and the thicker fabric thickness and air gap thickness can improve the thermal protective properties of the micro-system.     

Skin Sensitive Difference of Human Body Sections under Clothing-Smirnov Test of Skin Surface Temperatures‘ Dynamic Changing

Skin sensitive difference of human bodysections underclothing is the theoretic foundation of thermal insulationclothing design[1]. In the first part of the series of reportson studying skin sensitive difference of human bodysections under clothing, the pattern of maximum skintemperature changingof human bodysections stimulated bycold signal is reported[2]. Concluded by a multi comparisonmethod, the maximum skin surface temperature changes ofhuman body sections under c…     

Skin Sensitive Difference of Human Body Sections under Clothing-Smirnov Test of Skin Surface Temperatures'' Dynamic Changing

Skin sensitive difference of human body sections under clothing is the theoretic foundation of thermal insulation clothing design.By a new method of researching on clothing comfort perception,the skin temperature live changing procedure of human body sections affected by the same cold stimulation is inspected.Furthermore with the Smirnov test the skin temperatures dynamic changing patterns of main human body sections are obtained.     

几种轻薄型服用保暖材料的性能研究

考察了几种熔喷保暖材料的透气率、克罗值、热导率、传导系数及顶破强力与其厚度及平方米克重之间的关系.结果显示材料的厚度对其透气性、保温性和顶破强力均有显著影响：材料的透气性随着厚度的增加,先增大后减小;保暖性随着厚度的增加而增加,到达一定值后基本保持不变;顶破强力随着厚度的增加而增加.材料的平方米克重与透气性及顶破强力之间无明显关系,而对材料的保暖性影响显著：材料的保暖性随材料的平方米克重先显著增加,之后基本不变.该结果对于保暖材料的选择和使用具有一定的指导作用.     

Skin Sensitive Difference of Human Body Sections under Clothing — Comparative Judging of Body Sections'''' Cold Sensitivity Sequence

Intheserialreports[1,2]ofskincoldsensitivedifference ofhumanbodysectionsunderclothing,thepatternofskin temperature smaximumchangesanddynamicchanging processonhumanbodysectionsstimulatedbythesame intensivecoldunderclothingisreported.Atthesame time,bodysectionsaffectedbythesamecoldstimulus resultsinwearers psychologicalperceptiondifference,whichcouldberesearchedintheaspectofsenseand consciousness.Traditionally,senseandconsciousnessbelongto psychologycategory.Tostudysenseandconsciousnessrelated t…     

Skin Sensitive Difference of Human Body Sections under Clothing --Comparative Judging of Body Sections'' Cold Sensitivity Sequence

Skin sensitive difference of human body sections under clothing is the theoretic foundation of thermal insulation clothing design. By a new psychological & physical researching method, the subjective psychological perception of human body sections affected by the same cold stimulus are studied, and with Thurstone comparative judgement the main human body sections' cold sensitivity sequences are obtained. Furthermore the physiological causes for skin sensitive difference of human body sections under clothing are suggested.     

人体着装部位间皮肤冷感受之差异性研究——冷感受性敏感秩位的配对比较分析

人体着装部位间皮肤冷感受之差异性规律是隔热防寒服等功能服装设计的基础。利用心理物理测定的新方法，对着装人体不同身体部位在受到同样程度冷刺激时的主观感受进行配对比较分析，得到了着装人体各主要身体部位冷感受敏感秩位，并解释了身体部位在冷感受方面产生差异性的生理原因。     

新型钢包的应力场及其影响因素模拟分析

以具有纳米绝热材料内衬的新型钢包为研究对象,通过建立三维有限元模型,运用ANSYS软件分析该种新型钢包与传统钢包在盛钢工况下的应力分布,并研究纳米绝热材料的导热系数、弹性模量、热膨胀系数对新型钢包应力场的影响。结果表明,盛钢工况下新型钢包的应力分布明显优于传统钢包,新型钢包包壳的最大应力比传统钢包包壳的最大应力减小22MPa;在一定范围内,新型钢包包壳的应力随纳米绝热材料导热系数和热膨胀系数的降低以及弹性模量的增大而逐渐减小。     

服装热舒适性与衣内微气候

本文介绍了热舒适、热感觉及衣内微气候的基本概念,分析了服装的热湿性质对衣内微气候的影响,并指出了衣内微气候理论还有待进一步研究的工作和充实的内容。     

金属反射式保温块隔热性能的数值计算

金属反射式保温块是一种非均质的保温材料,它既有空气的导热,自然对流,反射箔的导热和辐射换热,又有外壳端、侧板的金属导热.这是一个复杂的三维传热问题.本文提出了简化模型,从而可按二维问题近似处理.同时介绍了用有限差分法进行数值计算的方法,编制了金属反射式保温块隔热性能的计算机程序.该程序具有一定的通用性,它不仅能迅速、方便地计算现有保温块的隔热性能,而且能计算各种物理、几何参数以及工作条件对隔热性能的影响,从而为合理设计这种新型保温块提供可靠的依据.     

复合助剂改性泡沫石膏的保温性能研究

以探索制备防火、耐水、保温、便于现场拌制且易于连续铺贴的外墙保温材料为目的,采用石膏为基材,以差皂粉、水泥、引气剂和铝粉膏为复合助剂组分,以导热系数为指标,采用L9(34)正交试验方法,研究了复合助剂对泡沫石膏保温性能的影响。结果表明:复合助剂能有效地降低石膏的导热系数,提高其保温性能,在选定的因素水平范围内,复合助剂改性泡沫石膏的导热系数分布在0.088~0.129 W/(K·m),保温性能良好;当复合助剂的组成为水泥掺量30%,差皂粉掺量0.35%,引气剂掺量50%,铝粉膏掺量1/1 300时,泡沫石膏的导热系数仅为0.088 W/(K·m),保温性能最好。     

无机保温承重砌块正交试验研究

采用质轻环保无机绝热材料玻化微珠和高强度低导热的陶粒为骨料研制出无机保温承重砌块。通过正交试验分析玻化微珠、陶粒、硅灰、石灰掺量对无机保温承重砌块的导热系数、抗压强度的影响,进一步优化发明专利《无机保温承重砌块的制作方法》中无机保温承重砌块的性能,使其保温性能更好,抗压强度更高,满足节能65%的标准要求,实现了保温承重一体化。