无缺陷纳米晶TiO2用于染料敏化太阳电池

以P25为原料,采用水热法制备出以菱形为主的具有完整结构的无缺陷纳米晶TiO2并用于染料敏化太阳电池上。纳米晶直径为12nm左右,比表面积达到112 m2/g。与用P25制成的膜相比,用纳米晶制成的介孔膜能吸附更多的染料和具有更好的光捕获效率。用纳米晶组成的染料敏化太阳电池具有高的光电流密度和转换效率。     

TiO_2形貌对染料敏化太阳能电池光电性能的影响

在阐述染料敏化TiO_2纳米晶太阳能电池的工作原理的基础上,对采用水热法制备出的TiO_2纳米颗粒、TiO_2微球以及TiO_2纳米杆,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对样品表面形貌进行表征,分析其优缺点。制备不同形貌的TiO_2光阳极,利用太阳能模拟器对的四种不同光阳极的染料敏化太阳能电池进行光电性能测试。结果表明:在同等光照条件下,采用复合三层结构的光阳极制成染料敏化纳米晶太阳能电池光电性能最优。     

光阳极结构对染料敏化太阳能电池性能的影响

染料敏化太阳能电池是一种新型的太阳能电池,通常用钛片做光阳极。用钛网代替钛片制备光阳极可组装成一种新型结构的染料敏化太阳能电池。采用电化学阳极氧化法,在磁力搅拌质量分数025%NH4F+体积分数225%H2O+乙二醇电解液作用下,在钛网和钛片表面制备TiO2纳米管阵列。其中,一组阳极氧化后的试样在具有微米颗粒的溶液中超声震荡。将制得的试样做光阳极组装染料敏化太阳能电池,并测试电池性能。用扫描电镜观察TiO2纳米管阵列。研究结果表明:阳极氧化所制备的TiO2纳米管阵列表面有覆盖层,超声处理可移去覆盖层,试样表面露出高度有序的纳米管阵列便于N719染料的灌入,而有效地提高染料敏化太阳能电池的光电转化效率。钛网光阳极组装的染料敏化太阳能电池比相同条件下钛片组装的电池,光电转换效率提高了74倍。     

DSSC太阳能电池

介绍了染料敏化纳米太阳能电池(DSSC电池)的结构和原理,对纳米TiO2膜、敏化染料、电解质的研究进展进行了综述,并对其应用前景作出展望.     

染料敏化TiO2纳晶太阳能电池研究进展

介绍染料敏化纳米晶 Ti O2 太阳电池的结构及其原理 ,对影响其光电转换效率的关键因素如纳米 Ti O2 膜、敏化染料、电解质做了探讨 .同时 ,对有机太阳能电池进行讨论并提出今后的研究方向 .     

碱性环境水热法制备TiO2纳米颗粒及其在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

通过碱性环境水热法制备了TiO2纳米颗粒,以异丙醇钛作为钛源,四乙基氢氧化铵作为碱性解胶剂.研究了四乙基氢氧化铵的浓度以及水热温度对TiO2纳米颗粒的影响.通过XRD、TEM对合成的TiO2晶粒尺寸、晶相以及形貌进行了表征.实验结果表明,使用四乙基氢氧化铵作为解胶剂,合成的TiO2颗粒由纯锐钛矿相组成,形状呈拉长的截断四方双锥结构.由于解胶的碱性环境,在TiO2的表面形成了富氧表面,使得在TiO2纳米颗粒表面更多的是热动力学稳定性更好的(101)和(001)面.制备的平均粒径大小为14 nm的TiO2纳米颗粒用于染料敏化太阳能电池中作为光阳极.通过电化学阻抗谱(EIS)分析了此种TiO2颗粒的电子传输特性.在AM1.5的模拟太阳光下,使用这种TiO2纳米颗粒作为光阳极的染料敏化太阳能电池获得了超过7％的光电转换效率.     

TiO2/PbS/Ru(bpy)2(NCS)2纳米多孔膜电极的光电化学研究

用染料Ru(bpy)2(NCS)2对ITO/TiO2/PbS复合半导体纳米多孔膜电极进行敏化,用光电化学方法研究ITO/TiO2/PbS/Ru(bpy)2(NCS)2电极的光电化学行为及组成光电池的能量转换效率.结果表明,该电极作为太阳能电池光阳极的能量转换效率与TiO2/PbS 复合半导体中PbS的含量有关.     

钛源修饰P25浆料用于染料敏化太阳能电池

介绍了一种制备浆料的简单方法,并且可以用于批量生产TiO2浆料.以商业化的P25纳米粉为原料,用乙二醇和柠檬酸作为分散剂,在浆料中分别添加了钛酸四丁酯、四氯化钛和异丙醇钛,用涂敷法制备了4种TiO2薄膜光电极,并组装成染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC),在模拟太阳光照射下进行测试.测试结果表明,开路电压(Voc),填充因子(FF)和转换效率都提高了.DSSC性能的改善源于提高了TiO2薄膜电子传输速率.通过分析得出结论是:在浆料中添加钛源,改善了TiO2膜内颗粒之间的连接性,扩宽了电子通路,缩短了电子的传输距离,抑制了TiO2薄膜中电子的复合,从而提高了染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)的效率.     

二氧化钛纳米管复合薄膜电极制备及其在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

采用强碱水热法合成二氧化钛纳米管,并与二氧化钛纳米颗粒混合作为染料敏化太阳能电池电极材料.当纳米管与纳米颗粒按照1:1摩尔比混合时,经过500℃烧结1h后,转化成锐钛矿晶型;平均孔体积0.30 cm3/g,平均孔径11.42 nm,比表面积为105.58 m2/g;电极对染料的吸附量达到4.85×10-8mol/cm2;电池的短路光电流密度8.70 mA/cm2,开路光电压0.76 V,填充因子0.60,光电转化效率3.96%.     

染料敏化二氧化钛纳米棒及其太阳电池的制备

以罗丹明-B为染料配制敏化剂,对二氧化钛(TiO2)纳米棒薄膜进行敏化处理后得到正电极,再加上用石墨制备的反电极,并滴加电解液,得到染料敏化纳米晶光电化学太阳能电池(NPC).实验结果表明,这种敏化方法在波长为470～750 nm的可见光范围内可以有效地提高太阳电池的吸光度和性能,电池的开路电压可达520mV.     

Nanocrystalline TiO2 thin film electrodes prepared by common pressure hydrothermal method at low temperature

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on nanocrys- talline TiO2 thin film electrodes have been widely investi- gated since they were invented by Gr?tzel et al. in 1991[1-3]. Nanocrystalline TiO2 thin film electrodes are usually pre- pared by coating TiO2 colloid with organic additives on conductive glass substrates and annealing at 400-450℃ to remove organic additives and achieve good electrical contact between TiO2 particles and between TiO2 particles and conductive substrates, which…     

Preparation of porous nanocrystalline TiO2 electrode by screen-printing technique

Different paste has been used for preparing porous TiO2 thin film by screen-printing technique, the main component of it comes from commercial TiO2 P25 power. The dye-sensitized solar cell based on this TiO2 thin film without further chemical treatments exhibits high overall conversion efficiency of 5.81%―6.70%, even with low TiO2 content and thin film thickness. The experimental repeatability is nice and the properties of the films are uniform.     

Comparison between P25 and anatase-based TiO_2 quasi-solid state dye sensitized solar cells

Pure anatase TiO2 films have been made via hydration of titanium isopropoxide using a sol-gel tech- nique, while mixed TiO2 films which contained both anatase and rutile TiO2 were made from commercial P25 powder. Quasi-solid state dye-sensitized solar cells were fabricated with these two kinds of mesoporous films and a comparison study was carried out. The result showed that the open-circuit photovoltages (Voc) for both kinds of cells were essentially the same, whereas the short-circuit photo- currents (Isc) of the anatase-based cells were about 33% higher than that of the P25-based cells. The highest photocurrent intensity of the anatase-based cell was 6.12 mA/cm2 and that of the P25-based cell was 4.60 mA/cm2. Under an illumination with the light intensity of 30 mW/cm2, the corresponding en- ergy conversion efficiency was measured to be 7.07% and 6.89% for anatase-based cells and P25-based cells, respectively.     

Synthesis of TiO2 nanotubes film and its light scattering property

TiO2 nanotubes with diameters of 10 nm and lengths up to 600 nm were fabricated by directly using commercial TiO2 powders P25 as the precursors via sonication-hydrothermal combination approach. TiO2 nanotubes were characterized by means of X-ray powder diffractometer （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （SEM）, selected area electron diffraction pattern （SAED） and transmission elec- tron microscope （TEM）. The light scattering property of film electrodes modified with TiO2 nanotubes was studied and revealed that TiO2 nanotubes can be used as the light scattering centers to increase the light absorption in dye-sensitized solar cells. The TiO2 nanotubes film electrodes mixed with 10% small nanoparticles TiO2 had both strong light scattering property and fine mechanical characteristics, and this kind of electrodes can be used as electrodes in improving the conversion efficiencies of dye-sensitized solar cells.     

纳米太阳能电池研究进展

介绍了染料敏化 Ti O2 纳米太阳能电池的结构 (主要包括透明导电基片、纳米Ti O2 薄膜、染料敏化剂、电解液和透明对电极几个部分 )及其工作原理。同时指出了液态电解质的缺陷并提出全固态太阳能电池已成为一个重要研究方向 ,其研究中心是寻找更好的空穴传输材料 ,主要介绍了其中的 p-型半导体、导电聚合物及高分子凝胶电解质等 ,另外也介绍了 Ti O2 纳米晶膜的改进 ,并对纳米太阳能电池的研究进展及其现状进行了综述和展望。     

Nanocrystalline Titanium Dioxide for Solar Cells and Lithium Batteries

1 Results Nanocrystalline TiO2 (anatase) has attracted considerable interest for applications in regenerative photoelectrochemical solar cells[1]. This device is based on charge injection from photoexcited organometallic dye which is adsorbed on the TiO2 surface. A considerable enhancement of the solar cell efficiency was demonstrated on highly organized mesoporous TiO2 thin films made by supramolecular templating with amphiphilic triblock copolymer Pluronic[2]. Titanium dioxide can electrochemically ac...     

表面态对TiO_2纳米晶薄膜光电流的影响

研究 Ti O2 纳米晶薄膜电极的光电化学特性 .通过测定阳极光电流 -时间瞬态光电流响应 ,分析纳米晶薄膜 /溶液界面的光生电荷转移的动力学规律 .光照后的慢电流响应与 Ti O2纳米材料的表面态有关 .导带电子向深能级表面态的传递是造成慢电流响应的原因 .     

Fabrication of a TiO2-P25/(TiO2-P25+TiO2 nanotubes) junction for dye sensitized solar cells

The dye sensitized solar cell（DSSC）, which converts solar light into electric energy, is expected to be a promising renewable energy source for today’s world. In this work, dye sensitized solar cells, one containing a single layer and one containing a double layer, were fabricated. In the double layer DSSC structure, the under-layer was TiO₂-P25 film, and the top layer consisted of a mixture of TiO₂-P25 and TiO₂ nanotubes. The results indicated that the efficiency of the DSSC with the double layer structure was a significant improvement in comparison to the DSSC consisting of only a single film layer. The addition of TiO₂-P25 in the top layer caused an improvement in the adsorption of dye molecules on the film rather than on the TiO₂ nanotubes only. The presence of the TiO₂ nanotubes together with TiO₂-P25 in the top layer revealed the enhancement in harvesting the incident light and an improvement of electron transport through the film.