双层吸波蜂窝复合材料结构优化设计

为探究不同吸波特性材料之间的组合规律,以在更宽频段范围内达到最佳雷达波吸收效果,选用两种不同吸波剂浸渍的纸蜂窝结构型吸波材料板（分别命名为FW10和FW20）,以石英纤维板为外侧蒙皮,制备出一种具有较好雷达波吸收能力的复合板件,该板件可与常规壁板结合使用。采用时域有限差分法计算不同材料厚度组合下的材料雷达散射截面（RCS）值和反射率,并采用正交设计法对最优厚度组合进行进一步的探究,结果表明：复合结构的吸波效果与各层材料组合及其厚度分布有关,所得最优复合板件厚度组合方案从外向内依次为1 mm石英纤维板,15 mm FW10和15 mm FW20。最优方案复合板件在0~18 GHz频段范围内反射率低于-10 dB的吸收频段宽度为13.1 GHz,最大吸收峰可达-29.5 dB。最后进行实物测试,验证了仿真分析的有效性。     

Novel flexible broadband microwave absorptive fabrics coated with graphite nanosheets/polyurethane nanocomposites

Graphite nanosheets (GNS) were prepared by surfactant assisted ultrasonication from expanded graphite (EG) and followed by coating onto vinylon fabrics with water-borne polyurethane (WPU). The morphology of GNS and GNS/polyurethane (PU) coatings was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), and the structure of GNS was studied by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Electromagnetic (EM) parameters indicated that GNS is a kind of dielectric loss material, in which little magnetic loss is found. Reflection loss (RL) results showed that both GNS content and coated thickness had great influences on the microwave absorption. For the fabric coated with GNS/PU nanocomposites (30/100 by weight, wet thickness of 0.39 mm for dry areal density in 130 g/m2), RL values exceeding 5 dB could be obtained in the frequency range of 10.7–18 GHz, while 10 dB in 12.7–18 GHz, and a minimum value of 28 dB at 15.2 GHz. These GNS/PU coated fabrics are light and flexible with much thin and low-cost coated layer, and showed great potential in radar camouflaging and electromagnetic interference application.     

ZIF-8衍生的ZnO与RGO复合材料的制备及其电磁波吸收性能

以ZIF-8与氧化石墨烯(GO)为前驱体,采用溶剂热法和碳化法得到ZnO/RGO复合材料.用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和透射电镜测试手段,对制备的ZnO/RGO复合材料的结构与物相进行表征,用矢量网络分析仪测量复合材料的电磁参数(复介电常数和复磁导率),通过反射损耗(RL)公式得到不同厚度样品的RL值.结果表明:煅烧温度为700℃的样品在2~18GHz具有良好的吸波性能;吸波层厚度为4mm、频率为17.2GHz时,RL小于等于-10dB的频率宽为1.0GHz(16.8~17.8GHz),此时的RL达到最小值-22.9dB.     

短切碳纤维-铁氧体填充的复合材料吸波性能

使用溶胶凝胶法制备了一种M型掺杂六角铁氧体，研究了该铁氧体、短切碳纤维以及玻璃纤维制成的单层和双层复合材料的微波吸收性能．结果表明：铁氧体和短切碳纤维混合填充的复合材料反射率在-10．0dB以下的有效带宽为3．5GHz；而以玻璃纤维复合材料作为面层的双层结构吸波材料在9．8～18．0GHz范围，有效带宽达到8．2GHz．     

复合轻型吸波涂层电磁参数及吸波性能的研究

制备了复合轻型导电导磁材料与环氧树脂吸波涂层,用3cm波导式测量线在9.2GHz测量其电磁参数及吸波性能.实验结果表明,复合导电导磁材料与环氧树脂的质量分数对吸波涂层的电磁参数及吸波性能有较大影响,当复合导电导磁材料与环氧树脂的质量分数为50%,涂层厚度为1.7mm时,吸波效果最好.其吸收峰值为34dB,大于10dB的有效带宽,达11GHz.     

复合型雷达吸波材料

研制了一种由羰基铁粉和导电聚苯胺(PAn)复合而成的新型宽频带雷达吸波材料.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)分析其微观组成是羰基铁粉表面包覆聚苯胺;复合吸收剂0.9mm单层吸波涂层在6～18GHz范围内吸收量达5dB.通过设计还可以进一步拓宽频带和增强吸收.这种材料重量较轻、耐腐蚀、频带宽,有望开发成为实用吸波材料.     

尖锥八面体Fe3O4的水热合成及微波吸收性能

采用水热法,在碱性条件下,以PEG-6000与水的混合溶液为反应介质,以硫代硫酸钠氧化前驱体氢氧化亚铁制备Fe3O4晶粉.采用X线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对产物结构和形貌进行表征.用微波矢量网络分析仪测试了样品在2～18 GHz微波频率范围内的复介电常数和复磁导率,计算微波反射系数,探讨材料的微波损耗机制.研究结果表明:在水热反应一定时间后,得到单分散的尖晶石型Fe3O4晶粒,颗粒呈规则的尖锥八面体形貌且表面平整;对反应为12h、厚度为2.8 mm的样品,7.1 GHz频率位置的反射系数峰值为-35 dB,小于-10dB吸收带宽为7.9 GHz;低频段(2～13 GHz)的微波吸收主要源于磁损耗兼具介电损耗,高频段(13～18GHz)的微波吸收主要源于介电损耗且磁损耗弱.尖锥微八面体Fe3O4是一种低反射率宽带微波吸收材料.     

不同晶粒度的La0.67Sr0.33MnO3的吸波性能研究

用溶胶-凝胶法合成了不同晶粒度的La0.67Sr0.33MnO3样本,研究了不同晶粒度材料的结构、磁性和微波吸收性质之间的关联.实验结果表明,可以通过改变烧结温度实现La0.67Sr0.33MnO3样品晶粒大小的控制;在一定的纳米尺度范围内,随着晶粒度的不断增大,吸波峰值逐渐向高频方向移动;晶粒度为58.5nm的样品在...     

高阻抗FSS在吸波材料中的应用

介绍了一种双层介质高阻抗频率选择性表面的吸波结构,这种结构在7GHz-16．5GHz具有很好的吸波特性,满足S11小于-10dB,厚度仅3．9mm。探究了高阻抗FSS的大小以及在介质中放置角度、位置对吸波性能的影响,提出了提高吸波性能,特别是提高低频吸波效果的方法。然后,针对这种吸波材料提出一种新的等效电路结构并用这种结构对该吸波材料建模和分析,最后与仿真结果进行了对比,证明了仿真结果的正确性以及等效电路方法的有效性。     

用铁砂(磁铁矿)尾矿研制的复合电波吸收材料特性研究

用铁砂 (磁铁矿 )尾矿为原料可制备性能优良的吸收材料。在 8～ 1 2GHz,其吸收量达 1 8dB ,匹配厚度 0 .58mm ,1 0dB带宽 2 .5GHz,铁砂尾矿经相变热处理后吸收量可提高到2 8.4dB ,用尖晶石型铁氧体吸收材料代替部分尾矿可使吸收峰位置移向高频区 ;过渡族金属离子的加入使吸收量和带宽有较大的增加 ,A =2 9dB ,1 0dB带宽 3.5GHz;不同电性介质加入 ,也能改善其吸收特性 ,差异较大。     

涂料型微波吸收材料计算机辅助设计

涂料型微波吸收材料计算机辅助设计可以计算各种材料(不同的ε′、ε″、μ′和μ″)在不同的涂层厚度和工作频率下的微波吸收性能。如果定义能允许的最大反射系数为反射系数阈值,则可设计出某一频率范围内或某一中心频率附近反射系数小于该阈值的最大工作宽带以及与之相应的材料参数,如果已知工作带宽,则可设计出在此带宽内最小的反射系数阈值和相应的材料参数。例如,在涂层厚度d≤2mm,μ′≤2,μ″≤2,ε′任意可变,ε″≤0.5ε′的条件下、可设计出:在7—13GHz范围内,反射系数小于-20 db的最大工作带宽是4.1GHz;中心频率为10GHz,反射系数小于-20 db的最大带宽为3.3GHz;在8—10 GHz工作带宽内,最小反射系数阈值为-22db。通过辅助设计还可以了解涂层厚度和材料参数变化时,材料参数随频率变化时,以及斜入射时对微波吸收材料性能的影响。     

Microwave absorbing properties of polyaniline/montmorillonite doped with dodecylbenzensulfonic acid nanocomposite

In this paper, we reported a new type of high performance microwave-absorbing material, polyaniline/montmorillonite doped with dodecylbenzensulfonic acid (PAni-DBSA/MMT) nanocomposite. The microwave-absorbing properties of this nanocomposite were investigated for the frist time. The nanocomposites were synthesized from emulsion polymerization using dodecylbenzensulfonic acid (DBSA) as dopant and emulsifier. The structure of the nanocomposite was analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and FT-IR, and its results denoted that PAni-DBSA/MMT is a typical intercalative polymer/layered silicate(PLS) nanocomposite, and the interaction between MMT layers and PAni chains enhances the delocalization of free electrons in PAni chains. The complex permittivity, permeability and reflection loss (R.L.) of microwave of a 2.00 mm thick samples containing 50% by weight of PAni-DBSA/MMT nanocomposite and PANI?DBSA were measured, respectively, in 2?18 GHz range. The results showed that the PANI-DBSA/MMT nanocomposite is capable of absorbing 2.0?18 GHz microwaves, and the reflection loss was less than -10 dB in the frequency range of 9.1?12.5 GHz, while the minimum reflection loss was -15.8 dB at 11 GHz. The microwave absorbing mechanism of nanocomposite is disscused.     

兼具铁磁性的导电聚苯胺复合物电磁参数及吸波性能的研究

制备了两种磁性材料与聚苯胺合成的复合物,采用3cm波导式测量线在8～14GHz频率范围内．用多点拟合的实验和计算方法对这类复合聚苯胺的电磁参数及微波吸收特性参数进行了测量．实验结果表明,复合聚苯胺在吸收剂中的浓度对电磁参数及吸波性能的影响很大．对Mn-Zn铁氧体复合聚苯胺,当浓度为0．23g／cm^2时,其平均衰减为14．767dB,最大衰减为40．260dB,衰减为10dB时的频宽可达3．6GHz,是一种性能优良的微波吸收材料。     

Supramolecular self-assembly of nickel (Ⅱ)-substituted α-Keggin-type polyoxometalate and polyaniline coated Fe2O3 hollow nanospindle for microwave absorption application

A general strategy has been developed here to supramolecular self-assembly of nickel (Ⅱ)-substituted α-Keggin-type polyoxometalate and polyaniline coated Fe₂O₃ hollow nanospindle (Fe₂O₃ hollow nanospindle@PANI/α-SiW₁₁Ni composites) via electrostatic attraction and hydrothermal method. Fe³⁺ was first hydrolyzed and polymerized into Fe₂O₃, then dissolved into [Fe(H₂PO₄)_x]^3?x, resulting in hollow structure. The polyoxometalate existed in polyaniline as a proton-doped counter-ion form, rather than as a separate crystalline state. The protons and anions entered the PANI main chain and combined with N atoms of amines and imines on the PANI chain ((-NH^?+ ?= ?)/α-[SiW₁₁Ni(H₂O)O₃₉]^6-) to form poles and bipolar delocalization into π bonds of the whole polyaniline molecular chain, which leaded to conductance and polarization. The Fe₂O₃ hollow nanospindle@PANI/α-SiW₁₁Ni composites were proven to be excellent microwave absorber in terms of reflection loss (R_L) and bandwidth. The maximum R_L value was up to ?53.6 ?dB at 3.5 ?mm and 6.9 ?GHz. The broadest absorption bandwidth exceeding ?10 dB was 6.3 ?GHz at a thickness of only 1.9 ?mm. Moreover, the ternary composites presented obvious multi-band absorption with the matching thickness range of 1.5–5 ?mm. The absorption peaks bandwidth reached as wide as 14.3 ?GHz, which included all C-Ku bands. The hollow and core-shell structures could provide non-uniform interface for the induced polarization loss and space for the reflecting and scattering of microwave. The carrier, pair-ion carrier and hydrogen bond network could lead to conduction loss. The magnetic losses were caused by eddy current effect and natural resonance. This work can lay a theoretical foundation for the design and performance regulation of new absorbing materials.     

六角晶系BaZnCoTi-W型铁氧体的吸波性能研究

用化学共沉淀法制备了六角晶系BaZnCoTi-W型铁氧体吸波材料,对其微结构和微波吸收性能进行了测试分析.实验发现这种材料在6~30GHz全频段内吸收衰减小于-8dB,同时出现了3个吸收峰,而且相关性能参量都满足实用要求.初步认为3个吸收峰分别由畴壁共振、自然共振以及电极化共振吸收效应引起的.     

Sr/Fe掺杂LaMnO3纳米微波吸收材料的制备与表征

用溶胶-凝胶法制备A位掺Sr,B位掺Fe的纳米级LaMnO3微波吸收材料粉体,用XRD和SEM表征该材料样品的晶体结构、颗粒形貌与尺寸,测量样品的微波吸收特性和电阻率。结果表明,于800℃煅烧的样品晶体结构为钙钛矿型;颗粒形貌为棒状,长度约100 nm,直径约20 nm;电导率在半导体的电导率范围内;当样品厚度为2 mm左右、Fe含量为0.12和0.14,Sr含量为0.2时,在2~18 GHz范围内,10 dB以上吸收带宽达6.2 GHz,最大吸收峰达34 dB;样品厚度为2.21 mm时,8 dB以上吸收带宽达8.5 GHz。     

双层混杂纤维/炭黑改性环氧树脂复合材料的制备及其吸波性能

通过采用整体压制的方法制备了双层混杂纤维/炭黑改性环氧树脂复合材料,对其吸波性能进行了研究。结果表明:随着炭黑含量的增加,材料的反射衰减峰向低频移动,当炭黑含量较高时,吸收主要作用在低频波段,且存在明显的双反射衰减峰。当炭黑含量为6%时,在13.6 GHz处反射衰减峰值可达-20.6 dB,≤-10 dB的有效带宽为3.6 GHz。当炭黑含量为8%时,双反射衰减峰分别在10.6 GHz和7.8 GHz,峰值分别为-17.0 dB和-14.9 dB,≤-10 dB的有效带宽为6.7 GHz。     

吸波材料地雷壳体防远距离雷达探测特性

为降低雷场的雷达侦察发现概率,提高地雷的障碍效果和生存能力,研究了微波吸收材料新型地雷壳体以提高防雷达探测性能,讨论了地雷目标雷达散射特性。当微波从壳体顶部或正侧面照射时,雷达散射截面(RCS)较强。采用羰基铁和铝合金粉为吸收剂设计和制作了微波吸收材料,在2~18GHz频率内的微波吸收衰减超过10dB。选用不锈钢纤维和羰基铁粉并采用注塑工艺制作了具有电磁屏蔽和微波吸收性能的地雷壳体样品。合成孔径雷达(SAR)探测实验结果表明:当微波从壳体顶部或正侧面照射时,RCS在8~12GHz频率内的微波衰减达到10dB。     

Dielectric properties of porous SiC/Si_3N_4 ceramics by polysilazane immersion-pyrolysis

The SiC nanotubes were synthesized on porous Si_3N_4 matrix by polysilazane immersion-pyrolysis. The β-SiC and free C contents increased with the increasing dipping times, which cause some clear vibration and loss peaks of the dielectric constant patterns emerged at around 12.9 GHz and 14.7 GHz in the samples of 20 wt% and 30 wt%benzoic acid, respectively. The reflectivity of the obtained ceramics were -7 dB ～-10 dB from the frequency of 8 GHz–18 GHz, which means that the amount of 80%–90% electromagnetic wave could be attenuated. The ceramics containing 40 wt% benzoic acid showed the high loss, low reflectivity and a wide absorbing band,indicating the high absorbing efficiency and good dielectric properties.     

阶梯热还原法制备Fe3O4/rGO复合膜

先用溶液共混法获得Fe₃O₄纳米颗粒与氧化石墨烯（GO）混合溶液, 再通过阶梯热还原过程（从室温逐渐升至160 ℃）制备Fe₃O₄和还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）复合膜, 并用X射线衍射仪、 Fourier变换红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜表征不同Fe₃O₄质量分数的Fe₃O₄/rGO复合膜的结构和形貌, 用矢量网络分析仪测试复合膜的电磁参数. 实验结果表明, 当Fe₃O₄质量分数为40％时, 复合膜的吸波效能为17.30 dB, 频率为10.72 GHz, 厚度为2 mm, 低于-10 dB[KG*8]的有效吸收带宽为3.28 GHz.