聚硅氧烷改性水性聚氨酯的合成及应用

以聚四亚甲基醚二醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、DMPA、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)制备聚醚型水性聚氨酯预聚体.采用氨基硅油(AEAPS)对预聚体进行改性制得聚硅氧烷改性水性聚氨酯乳液和薄膜.采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、强力测试、乳液粒径测试、吸水率和接触角对聚氨酯的结构和性能进行表征.采用聚硅氧烷改性聚氨酯乳液对羊绒织物进行整理,测试其抗起毛起球效果.结果表明,氨基硅油改性能够明显改善聚氨酯膜的耐水性和机械强度,经过整理的羊绒织物的起毛起球效果有一定的提高.     

水性聚氨酯/丙烯酸酯复合乳液的制备及性能研究

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇(PBA)和丙烯酸酯类混合单体为主要原料,用种子乳液聚合法制备具有核壳结构的聚氨酯/丙烯酸酯复合乳液(PUA),并探讨PUA复合乳液的相结构、粒径及分布、运动黏度、胶膜耐水性和力学性能.结果表明:PUA乳液中聚氨酯(PU)和聚丙烯酸酯(PA)存在不同程度的相分离.乳液的粒径、运动黏度和力学性能与PU含量及相结构有关.当PU含量为50%时,PUA胶膜的力学性能较好.与纯PU胶膜相比,PUA胶膜的耐水性有较大提高.     

双重交联核壳型聚丙烯酸酯乳液的制备及性能研究

以双丙酮丙烯酰胺(DAAM)、多官能度丙烯酸酯单体、丙烯酸正丁酯(BA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、叔碳酸乙烯酯(VV10)为共聚单体,采用预乳化及半连续种子乳液聚合工艺,合成了具有核壳结构的双重交联聚丙烯酸酯乳液。作为对比,合成了双丙酮丙烯酰胺(DAAM)-己二酸二酰肼(ADH)单交联型聚丙烯酸酯乳液。对2种乳液的粒径大小及分布,两种乳胶膜的耐水性能、力学性能、玻璃化转变温度(T_g)及涂膜的光泽度进行了系统的研究和对比。结果表明:乙氧基化季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯(DO5-PETA)和双季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯(DPHA)改性的双重交联型聚丙烯酸酯乳液相比于单交联型具有更小的粒径及更窄的粒径分布;此外,双重交联的聚丙烯酸酯乳胶膜的耐水性、力学性能、光泽度有明显提高,应用性能良好。     

有机硅改性水性聚氨酯乳液的研究

由甲苯二异氰酸酯、聚醚多元醇与二羟甲基丙酸反应制得聚氨酯预聚体,加入含侧氨乙基氨丙基聚二甲基硅氧烷齐聚物水乳液扩链改性,得到一系列有机硅改性水性聚氨酯乳液.用红外光谱对产物进行结构表征.考察了有机硅含量对胶膜耐水性和力学性能的影响.结果表明改性后的水性聚氨酯分散体稳定性好,膜的手感柔软,吸水性降低,对力学性能的影响不大.     

含氟乳液的制备及其热反射涂料的性能评价

合成一种含氟丙烯酸酯乳液,首先采用常规乳液聚合法考察了乳液合成工艺对乳液性能的影响,然后采用种子乳液聚合法研究了核壳层质量比对乳液和成膜物性能的影响。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、降温值及耐沾污等级和反射率降低率分别表征涂层形貌、降温效果及耐沾污性能。结果表明,当预乳化转速300 r/min,聚合反应转速200 r/min,反应温度85℃时所得乳液性能较优。核壳层质量比为7∶1时,乳液稳定性好且成膜物疏水性和耐水性较好。以该乳液为成膜基料制备的热反射涂料,平整性较好,TiO_2、SiO_2粒子分散均匀,具有良好的降温效果、耐水性和耐沾污性能。     

新型水性聚氨酯乳液的合成及其性能影响因素的研究

采用预聚法合成了一新型的水性聚氨酯乳液，研究了配方中异氰酸酯基和羟基的物质的量的比（-NCO／-OH）、反应温度、羧基含量对水性聚氨酯的粘度、粒径和吸水率等性能的影响。表明，随着-NCO／-OH比的增大，粘度下降，粒径增加，吸水率下降；预聚反应温度越高，越快达到异氰酸酯基的理论值，但是温度越高越易发生副反应；随着羧基含量的增加，粘度升高，粒径起初下降，最终趋于平衡，吸水率升高。     

二甲基二氯硅烷改性接枝环氧树脂的合成研究

环氧树脂与甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸甲酯以及苯乙烯接枝共聚,合成了接枝环氧树脂水分散体,采用二甲基二氯硅烷（DMS）来改性接枝环氧树脂分散体,通过对乳液的粒径分析以及对聚合产物的结构表征,并考察了乳液及涂膜性能的影响。研究表明,有机硅的引入影响接枝环氧水分散体的粒径分布,提高了固化涂膜的热分解温度,提高了固化涂膜的耐水性、粘结性和机械性能。     

PSt／PMMA核—壳型复合乳液的摩擦学性能

利用分步乳液聚合的方法，经过制种，合成核，合成壳等步骤，制备了一系列不同粒径的以聚苯乙烯（ＰＳｔ）为内核，以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＰＭＭＡ）为壳的复合乳液，采用透射电镜考察了乳液的形貌和粒径，四球摩擦试验该结构的复合乳液具有一定的极压减磨效果，其润滑性能与粒径有紧密的关系。     

紫外光固化水性聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯涂料研究

由甲苯二异氰酸酯、聚醚多元醇、二羟甲基丙酸、1，4-丁二醇及丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯合成了紫外光固化聚氨酯一丙烯酸酯，产物经叔胺中和得自乳化水分散体系．考察了羧基含量、中和度、聚醚分子量、异氰酸酯指数等对乳液粒径、粘度、稳定性及漆膜的耐水性能和耐甲苯性能的影响．     

复合膜用PUA黏合剂的合成与性能

以丙烯酸酯单体为原料,水性聚氨酯为种子乳液和高分子乳化荆,合成了核-壳结构的聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯复合乳液.采用傅里叶红外光谱表征了反应产物的结构.研究丙烯酸酯与聚氨酯质量比、丙烯酸酯软硬单体质量比对复合乳液性能、胶膜耐水性、热稳定性及180°剥离强度的影响.结果表明:随丙烯酸酯与聚氨酯质量比和丙烯酸酯硬单体质量的增加,复合乳液黏度减小,粒径增大,胶膜耐水性和热稳定性提高.当丙烯酸酯与聚氨酯质量比为2.0,丙烯酸酯软单体与硬单体质量比为75/25时,聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯复合乳液黏合荆对双向拉伸聚丙烯/铝箔的粘接强度优于国外样品.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.