油套环空和空心抽油杆掺化学剂抽油井举升工艺计算模型

针对稠油井井筒流体流动难的特点 ,利用节点系统分析方法 ,建立了空心抽油杆和油套环空掺化学剂的抽油机井举升工艺计算模型 ,并研究利用化学方法改善井筒流体流动的条件。结果表明 ,M型化学剂通过乳化和热力降粘作用可改善流体的流动性和抽油杆柱的受力状况 ;在启动过程中掺入化学剂的温度对油井生产有一定的影响。     

井筒重力热管室内实验与矿场试验研究

利用重力热管的高效传热特性,将其应用在井筒流体加热过程中,分析了重力热管加热效果的外部影响因素。结果表明,重力热管在不消耗额外能量的条件下,利用深部流体能量提高井筒上部流体的温度,能起到均衡井筒温度场的作用,进而改善井筒温度分布剖面。室内实验表明：工质类型、工质充液率、真空度对重力热管的传热效果有很大影响。矿场试验表明：在适当的条件下,能够将原油温度加热到原油凝点以上,降低原油粘度,改善原油流动性,井底抽油杆载荷,满足生产实际的要求;重力热管加热过程受井底温度、热管下入深度、油井产液量以及原油物性等因素的影响,随着井底温度、热管下入深度、油井产液量的增加,重力热管的传热效果变好。     

超稠油双管泵下掺蒸汽井筒加热降粘举升工艺

根据传热学和两相流原理,建立了超稠油双管泵下掺蒸汽井筒加热降粘举升过程中蒸汽与产液沿井筒传热与流动的热力学模型。计算了蒸汽与产液沿井筒的温度分布和压力体质了抽油杆柱受力分析与抽油杆柱设计。     

水平井筒变质量流体流动实验研究

设计并建立了水平井筒变质量流体流动的模拟实验装置,对具有射孔完井的水平井筒变质量流动特性进行了实验研究。利用先进的数据采集系统获最了大量的实验数据。对水平井井筒单孔眼段流体的流动阻力损失分析可知,流动阻力由三部分组成：管壁摩擦阻力、加速损失和混合损。     

射孔水平井孔眼分布优化研究

利用油藏流体渗流模型和水平井筒内流体流动模型 ,推导出了油藏井筒流体流动耦合模型 ,在该模型中考虑了两种流动的相互作用和影响。建立了以水平井产量为目标函数、以孔眼分布为决策变量的优化模型 ,将其计算结果与均匀流入剖面、均匀射孔分布的结果进行了对比。由于优化模型中考虑了水平井筒内变质量流的影响 ,从而可为现场水平井的优化设计提供理论依据。     

重力热管伴热改善稠油井井筒传热损失的研究

根据重力热管作用原理,结合井筒传热过程,建立了稠油生产井中采用热管伴热方式时井筒热损失的计算模型,利用该模型分析了重力热管改善井筒热损失的原理。在此基础上,讨论了主要工艺参数对热管井井筒热损失的影响,结果表明：随着井底温度升高、产液量增加、热管下入深度加深,井筒热损失增大,其中,产液量对热损失的影响尤为显著。现场试验及理论研究表明：在不消耗额外能量的前提下,重力热管能够利用深部流体自身的能量提高井筒上部流体的温度,降低传热过程中的热损失,进而改善井筒温度分布剖面。该方法可以减小产出液在井下管道上升过程中的流动阻力,从而降低抽油机的负荷,实现低能耗对井筒流体加热的目的。     

井筒重力热管流动与传热特性的研究

井筒重力热管是利用热管将油藏自身能量,即井底热量传递到井筒上部,在无需外加动力条件下实现对井筒近井口流体加热,改善井口流体温度分布,防止近井口结蜡和絮凝,从而降低采油成本。为了研究井筒重力热管的传热性能和工作过程,进而改进和优化重力热管的传热性能,建立了重力热管内部流动和传热的数学模型。利用该模型对重力热管的传热特性进行了数值模拟,得到了热管正常工作时,液膜厚度、蒸汽流速和液膜流速及热管换热系数随热管高度的变化规律。     

射孔水平井孔眼分布优化研究

利用油藏流体模型和水平井筒内流体流动模型，推导出了油藏－井筒流体流动耦合模型，在该模型中考虑了两种流动的相互作用和影响。建立了以水平井产量为目标函数、以孔眼分布为决策变量的优化模型，将其计算结果与均匀流入剖面、均匀射孔分布的结果进行了对比。由于优化模型中考虑了水平井筒内变质量流的影响，从而可为现场水平井的优化设计提供理论依据。     

射孔完井水平井筒变质量湍流压降规律研究

运用拟三维原理 ,提出了用于计算地层刚性渗流、弹性不稳定渗流与水平井筒内变质量湍流耦合的新方法 ,解决了在井筒变质量流体流动模拟过程中井筒边界条件难以确定、地层线性渗流与井筒内非线性湍流难以耦合的问题。同时 ,对不同射孔方式和生产制度下流体水动力学进行了分析 ,研究了射孔入流与水平井筒内流体的相互作用关系及变质量主流体的流动特性。模拟结果表明 ,与圆管湍流相比 ,井筒内变质量流具有更大的压降系数 ,且主流中心速度降低 ,速度剖面呈现内凹形式 ,水平井射孔设计应该利用井筒内流体与渗流的耦合模拟进行优化。     

抽油杆柱在粘性流体中阻力的实验研究

流体在抽油杆与油管环形空间的流动是有杆抽油系统的一个动态子系统。本文对抽油杆柱的粘滞阻力进行了理论分析，井利用自行设计建立的有杆抽油系统模拟实验装置，对四种不同条件下的抽油杆柱阻力进行实验研究，得到了计算抽油杆柱阻力系数的相关式。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.