Rh纳米粒子电化学制备及其表面增强拉曼效应

利用电化学手段在氧化铟锡(ITO)导电玻璃表面成功制备了Rh纳米粒子,并发现包裹剂、支持电解质以及电化学参数对产物的形貌及尺寸有着显著影响.通过对上述参数的调控实现了Rh纳米粒子的形貌可控制备,得到了准球形、岛状以及片层状的Rh纳米粒子.此外对岛状Rh纳米粒子在表面增强拉曼光谱中的应用进行了研究.结果表明该种结构具有良好的表面增强拉曼活性.     

激光刻蚀金、铜纳米粒子岛膜的表面增强拉曼散射特性研究

采用激光刻蚀法在水溶液中分别制备了金纳米粒子和铜纳米粒子.通过电镜、原子力显微镜和紫外—可见吸收光谱对它们的结构和光学性质进行了表征.将所得纳米粒子沉积在铝片的表面,获得了具有良好拉曼增强效果的金属岛膜.利用表面增强拉曼散射对4-巯基吡啶在金、铜岛膜上的吸附特性进行了对比研究,推测出4-巯基吡啶在金岛膜上采用垂直于表面的吸附取向,在铜岛膜上具有倾斜于表面的吸附取向.     

海胆状金纳米结构的制备及其表面增强拉曼散射光谱应用

本文用银纳米粒子作为种子,多巴作为还原剂,氯金酸(HAu Cl4)作为金前体,制备了海胆状的金纳米结构UGNS,并研究了UGNS在芳烃污染物的表面增强拉曼散射检测中的应用.通过扫描电镜、紫外-可见光谱、X-射线衍射光谱对UGNS进行了一系列的表征,清楚地表明我们成功的制备出了这种海胆状金纳米结构.用结晶紫、孔雀石绿作为探针分子,探讨了不同体积银纳米种子、UGNS的电化学处理对探针分子表面增强拉曼散射光谱信号强弱的影响.结果表明,0.2 ml的Ag纳米种子、50圈电化学处理后得到的UGNS对探针分子的拉曼散射信号具有最好的增强效果.将这种最优化的UGNS应用于水环境中孔雀石绿的检测,得到最低可检测的浓度为5×10-7mol/L.     

不同表面活性剂对Sn基底表面银纳米粒子薄膜的原位生长及其光学性能的影响

以Sn基底为活性基底,通过不同表面活性剂的作用,采用原位置换法在其表面制备出形貌各异的银纳米粒子薄膜材料.采用扫描电镜、Ｘ射线衍射仪、紫外可见分光光度计、荧光分光光度计等测试手段对样品进行分析和表征, 并考察银纳米粒子的形貌对其薄膜基底表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)活性的影响.结果表明：随着反应液中表面活性剂种类的改变,银纳米粒子的形貌发生改变.当表面活性剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)时,制备出的由银纳米粒子具有极强的紫外可见吸收光谱红移;并且以此条件得到的SERS活性基底具有极强的SERS信号.     

局域表面等离子体研究进展

阐述了局域表面等离子体特性,金属纳米粒子的常用制备方法,以及不同形状、尺寸等因素对局域表面等离子体光谱和灵敏度的影响,分析了表面增强拉曼散射的增强因子与金属纳米粒子的等离子共振波长和拉曼激发波长之间的关系,介绍了局域表面等离子体在生物传感方面的应用.     

局域表面等离子体研究进展

阐述了局域表面等离子体特性,金属纳米粒子的常用制备方法,以及不同形状、尺寸等因素对局域表面等离子体光谱和灵敏度的影响,分析了表面增强拉曼散射的增强因子与金属纳米粒子的等离子共振波长和拉曼激发波长之间的关系,介绍了局域表面等离子体在生物传感方面的应用.     

聚集态铑纳米粒子的制备及表征的初步研究

在水溶液中用抗坏血酸还原三水合氯化铑得到了形状较均一的聚集态铑纳米粒子．高分辨扫描透射电镜结果显示，该聚集态铑纳米粒子尺寸约为20nm，是由数十个平均粒径为4nm的小纳米粒子聚集构成．将聚集态铑纳米粒子分散到玻碳电极表面上，进行了电化学和表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）表征．以CO作为探针分子的SERS实验结果显示该聚集态的铑纳米粒子具有较高的SERS活性，并且聚集态铑纳米粒子的电子性质与粗糙Rh电极存在差异．     

电化学沉积Rh制备紫外拉曼活性基底

Rh在紫外激发区间有着较强的表面增加拉曼散射(SERS).用循环伏安法研究了RhCl3溶液中Rh3 在Au电极上的电化学还原行为,用恒电位阶跃法在Au基底上制备了Rh沉积层,并用场发射扫描电子显微镜、能谱及电化学方法对得到的沉积层进行了表征.结果表明,在所选择的电位下用电沉积方法能够在金表面得到均匀的Rh沉积层,该沉积层保持了金属Rh原有的电化学特性.采用电化学方法通过先粗糙Au电极再沉积Rh的策略,可以制备粗糙的Rh表面作为紫外SERS基底.拉曼光谱实验表明,以吡啶为探针分子,该基底具有很好紫外SERS活性.     

金纳米空球表面吸附行为的SERS研究

以硒球为模板合成了金纳米空球及其修饰玻碳电极,采用 SEM、XRD 和电化学循还伏安（CV）法,对金纳米空球的表面形貌和晶体结构进行了表征.实验结果表明:其粒径约为150 nm,壳厚约为25 nm,球壳表面由荔枝状的金原子簇团所构建,为多晶面心立方结构;应用电化学原位表面增强拉曼光谱技术,以吡啶为探针分子,初步研究了金纳米空球的 SERS 活性,计算其增强因子约为7.6×104;通过电化学和电化学原位表面增强拉曼光谱技术考察了硫氰根离子在金纳米空球上的吸附与氧化行为,发现在-0.80~0.60 V 的电位区间,SCN -离子通过电位调制可分别以 S 和 N 端竞争吸附在金纳米空球表面,但在0.60 V时,SCN -就开始氧化成 OCN -离子,当电极电位≥0.70 V 时,主要检测到位于2223 cm -1处OCN -离子在双电层的溶液谱.研究结果可为谱学电化学、电分析生物检测和靶向药物制备与检测等领域带来某些应用.     

基于植酸胶束制备纳米金及其SERS特性研究

在溶液中用替换法合成稳定的拉曼信号较强的金纳米粒子,即首先以植酸为稳定剂和控型剂,用柠檬酸三钠还原硝酸银合成银纳米粒子,再利用银纳米粒子还原氯金酸,在水溶液中制备金纳米粒子.采用紫外-可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、能量散射光谱(EDX)对金纳米粒子的光学性质及形貌结构进行了表征,实验表明合成的金纳米粒子结构均一、分散性好.以罗丹明6G为探针分子,研究了金纳米粒子作为基底的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)效应,结果表明:这种金纳米粒子具有SERS信号强、检测限低、稳定性强等优点.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.