山东省胃癌高低发病区人发中的微量元素分析

用ＰＩＸＥ技术分析人发中微量元素，给出了山东省胃癌高发区栖霞县和低发区苍山县高发病年龄组（５５￣６５岁）健康人发中的微量元素谱，测量数据的统计结果显示，栖霞县人发中砷、铬、铁和钴的含量明显高于苍山县，而硒则明显低于苍山县。     

山东省胃癌高低发病区人发中的微量元素分析

用ＰＩＸＥ技术分析人发中微量元素，给出了山东省胃癌高发区栖霞县和低发区苍山县高发病年龄组（５５～６５岁）健康人发中的微量元素谱．测量数据的统计结果显示，栖霞县人发中砷、铬、铁和钴的含量明显高于苍山县，而硒则明显低于苍山县     

贵州富锌硒茶产区地质环境条件与土壤元素地球化学特征

通过对贵州不同区域典型茶园进行野外调查,在每个茶叶主产区选择代表性的茶园进行土壤剖面样品采集,探讨贵州富锌硒茶产区地质环境条件与土壤元素地球化学特征。结果表明:贵州茶叶主产区成土母岩及土壤中主要元素含量水平存在明显的区域差异,富锌硒茶产区成土母岩中S、Ca、Fe、P、Mo含量均明显高于非富锌硒茶产区,其次是Zn、Se、Cu;而对应土壤中Mo、Cu、Mn、Zn、Fe、Ca含量均显著大于非富锌硒茶产区,其次是Se、Mg、P、S、Al。成土母岩的Zn、Se含量直接影响茶园土壤中Zn、Se的含量水平,土壤Zn、Se含量还受其他元素含量的影响,土壤Zn含量与Al、Fe、Ca、Mg、Mn、Mo含量之间达到极显著正相关,而土壤Se含量与Al、Fe、Cu、Mg、P、S含量存在极显著正相关。贵州境内富锌硒茶产区地质环境条件与土壤元素地球化学组成存在明显的空间异质性。     

硒对茶树镉毒害的缓解作用研究

【目的】通过溶液培养试验,探讨硒(Se)对镉(Cd)胁迫下茶树生长和生理特性的影响,为保障茶叶饮用安全和综合开发利用提供参考。【方法】以种植于陕西汉中地区的‘龙井43’茶树为试验材料,采用营养液培养方法,分别进行镉和硒处理试验,包括7个处理,分别为Cd 10 mg/L、Se 0.5 mg/L、Se 1.5 mg/L、Se 3.0 mg/L、Se 0.5 mg/L+Cd 10.0 mg/L、Se 1.5 mg/L +Cd 10.0 mg/L、Se 3.0 mg/L +Cd 10.0 mg/L。测定了不同质量浓度硒处理缓解茶树叶片镉毒害的生理响应,以及茶树叶生物量,茶树叶硒和镉的含量。【结果】与未施加镉和硒的对照相比,单一施镉处理使得茶树叶片的光合色素含量、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酸(APX)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)活性,以及生物量和可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量受到明显抑制,而丙二醛(MDA)和过氧化氢(H₂O₂)含量、渗透调节物质脯胺酸含量明显增加。单一施硒处理条件下,与单一施镉处理对比,上述指标均不同程度得到显著改善,其中1.5 mg/L硒处理下茶树叶片的各项指标改善程度最高。与单一施镉处理相比,在镉和硒的复合处理下,随着硒含量提高,上述各项指标均不同程度得到改善,以Se 1.5 mg/L +Cd 10.0 mg/L复合处理下的各项指标改善程度最高。硒的施加有助于缓解茶树叶片镉的积累。【结论】施加适量的硒在一定程度上可以增加茶树叶片镉诱导产生的抗氧化酶CAT、APX和GPX活性,降低质膜过氧化产物MDA和H₂O₂含量积累,缓解镉对茶树叶片的毒害,并降低对镉的积累。     

北京城区麻雀体内污染物的研究

通过比较重工业区和对照区麻雀（Passer montanus)的肝脏、胸肌和初级飞羽中砷（As)、硒（Se)以及重金属汞（Hg)、铬（Cr)、镉（Cd)、铅（Pb）、锰（Mn)、铜（Cu）的质量分数,探讨了将麻雀作为环境指示物种的可行性。分析结果表明,重工业区麻雀体内污染物的质量分数明显高于对照区;成鸟体内的Hg,Se,Cd,Pb,Cu明显高于幼鸟;重工业区麻雀羽毛中Se,Cd,Pb,Mn和Cu的质量分数显著高于对照区;对比羽毛和其他组织中各元素的聚集量,发现羽毛中Cd,Mn,Cu的质量分数和肝脏、肌肉中的呈显著性正相关,这几种元素在羽毛中的积累和在其他组织中的积累有线性关系。这显示采用麻雀羽毛监测环境中某些元素的污染是可行的,麻雀能够作为城市环境的指示物种。     

水果中矿物元素含量分析与评价

利用微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法,分析了本地区市售20种水果中铜(Cu)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)、硒(Se)元素的含量,并进行了初步风险评价.结果表明:红富士苹果中Cd含量最高,平均含量为4.548μg/kg;山竹中Cu含量最高,平均含量为409.150μg/kg;红富士苹果中Pb含量最高,平均含量为18.340μg/kg;桃子中Zn含量最高,平均含量为693.400μg/kg;橙子中Se含量最高,平均含量为16.080μg/kg,但均远低于2011年颁布的国家限量标准.不同人群经水果摄入Cu、Cd、Pb和Zn的风险较低,但经水果摄入Se有一定的风险.本结论可为食品安全监控和合理饮食研究提供理论参考.     

阴极溶出伏安法测定痕量硒

据有关资料报道,人体内可以测定出几十种微量元素,其中硒(Se)是人体所必需的微量元素之一,与人体健康关系十分密切。 硒与维生素E相互作用防止肌肉的营养不良;硒能保护组织不被氧递降分解;特别是硒能逆转危害性大的镉(Cd)对人体所产生的不良影响。现已确定人体内镉的浓度与心脏病有着密切联系,而且患某些癌的病人体内镉的含量明显高于正常健康的人,然而硒却能抵消镉的不良影响,不仅如此,硒还是其它重金属毒性的特殊解毒剂。     

弥河流域土壤中钴、钼、硒、锌空间分布及来源分析

为研究弥河流域表层土壤中钴(Co)、钼(Mo)、硒(Se)、锌(Zn)的空间分布及其来源,在弥河流域不同用地类型表层土壤中采集48个样品,测定四种微量元素含量及其他土壤理化指标,并采用空间插值和正定矩阵因子分析(positive matrix factorization, PMF)等数理方法进行了数据分析。结果显示,研究区内Co、Mo、Se、Zn均存在不同程度的富集现象,其中在耕地中富集程度最高。Co和Mo的高浓度区主要分布在临朐-青州-昌乐三县交界地带,Se的高浓度区主要分布在研究区西部,Zn的高浓度区主要分布在研究区西南部。土壤中Co含量主要受铁锰氧化物和土壤质地影响,Mo主要受铁锰氧化物影响,Se主要受N、P、有机质影响,Zn主要受N、P、有机质和土壤质地影响。PMF模型源解析表明研究区内Co、Mo、Se、Zn的主要来源为自然源、农业源和交通-工业混合源,所占比例分别为44.6%、35.7%和19.7%,其中Co、Se主要来源于自然源(48.7%、51.3%),Mo、Zn则自然源、农业源和交通-工业混合源均衡。     

大花君子兰(Clivia miniata RegeI)体内的微量元素

用火焰发射原子吸收分光光度计和石墨炉原子吸收分光光度计分析了君子兰叶片、花瓣、花粉、果实外皮和根的铜、锌、铁、锰、镁、铅、铬、钴、镉、镍、硒十一种元素的含量。发现花瓣中镁、铁、锌的含量都此较高。铜、铅、铬、镉、钴在君子兰体内含量较低。硒含量很高,甚至高于吉林人参。甘肃岩昌黄芪和蒙古黄芪的含硒量。     

镉硒互作对萝卜种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响

为减轻土壤镉污染对萝卜生产的危害,本研究采用室内培养皿水培方法,观测了不同浓度镉（Cd）、硒（Se）和镉硒互作对萝卜种子发芽与幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,Cd和不同价态的se在低浓度时均能促进萝卜种子萌发,提高发芽势和发芽率,促进苗与幼根的生长,CA和Se分别在5mg·L－1和0．5mg·L－1时促进作用达到最大,高浓度时对萝卜的发芽和幼苗生长有抑制作用;不同价态Se相比,Se4＋的促进作用大于Se6＋,而Se时的抑制作用大于Se4＋,萝卜的根和苗相比,根对高浓度离子的敏感性比苗更强。不同浓度镉硒互作的效应不同,在低浓度（1mg·L-1）镉条件下,任何浓度的硒对镉都有桔抗作用,即硒降低了低浓度镉对萝卜种子发芽和幼苗生长的促进作用,但高浓度硒和高价硒（Se6＋）比低浓度硒和低价硒（Se4＋）表现明显;中浓度（10mg·L-1）镉和高浓度（50mg·L-1）镉浓度下,低浓度（0．5mg·L-1）Se4＋表现出拮抗作用,即硒减轻了镉对萝卜种子发芽和幼苗生长的抑制,而其他组合处理都表现出协同抑制的效应,即加重了镉对萝卜种子发芽和幼苗生长的抑制;不同价态硒相比,Se4＋表现出更强的缓解镉毒害的能力,并且这种现象在中、高镉浓度下表现的更为明显。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.