基于MC算法的螺旋CT扫描数据的三维重建

在Marching Cubes(MC)算法的基础上，针对螺旋CT扫描数据的特点，提出一种改进的三维表面的快速绘制方法。通过使用体元描述表，并且对体元数据进行二值化处理，简化了数据，在绘制过程中，根据形体拓扑结构，优化了体元内部的等值面形成算法，提高了三维重建的速度和质量。     

一种基于体绘制的交互式实时虚拟内窥镜算法

为了实现一种更好的虚拟内窥镜算法，在分析虚拟内窥镜和体数据可视化方法的特点的基础上，提出了一种基于透视投影体绘制的交互式实时虚拟内窥镜算法。该算法运用了动态数据精简技术，提出了视点3D漫游路径的快速自动生成方法和交互式内窥显示方法，能方便医生实时观察与诊断。并对传统面绘制中的光照计算加以修改，应用于内窥体绘制过程，以生成3D效果逼真的虚拟内窥镜图像。在微机平台上实现的基于体绘制的虚拟内窥镜系统，验证了该算法的实时性和所生成图像的质量。     

基于纹理硬件的大规模体数据快速绘制算法

针对大规模的体数据 ,有限的硬件纹理内存将大大降低算法的有效性 ,提出了一个新算法用于加速基于纹理硬件的大规模体数据的体绘制。基于一个新的 4级体数据装入流水线 ,算法在绘制前快速有效的对体数据进行预处理后 ,只将对最终结果图像有贡献的体元装入纹理内存并用于绘制 ,从而有效的降低了系统负载。同时 ,提出的算法支持对原始体数据分类阈值的交互修改与分类结果的快速预处理与交互显示。实验显示 ,与原始的基于纹理硬件的体绘制方法比较 ,本文提出的算法节省了 40 %到 6 0 %的绘制时间     

基于混合数据场的快速体绘制算法

为了突出人体重点器官的显示，提出了一种新颖的基于混合数据场的快速体绘制算法，从原始的三维数据中提取重要的结构，然后将原始三维数据中非重点的部分转换为梯度数据，构成混合数据，从而对混合数据进行体绘制，结果表明，该算法可以加快体绘制速度同时改善重点器官的显示效果。     

光线投射加速算法研究与实现

光线投射算法是医学图像体绘制技术中的经典算法,但绘制速度很慢,文章对其各个环节提出了加速算法,包括设置法向量明暗度查找表,减少投射光线及加快求交采样,并得到了理论验证和实验实现。     

表面矢量编码的查找表算法

针对体绘制计算中严重影响绘制速度的光照效果处理运算,提出了利用表面矢量编码为索引,构造光照效果计算查找表的规划方法.算法编码简单,数据运算中内存的开销小,运算速度快,实际应用效果良好.     

基于PC系统的快速体绘制实现

由于体绘制算法需要强大的计算能力，通常在PC系统上难以实现满足交互式应用的绘制速度，因而阻碍了其应用普及。该文使用Shear-Warp体绘制算法，结合Intel公司的SSE2扩展指令对整个绘制过程进行加速，实现了基于中高档PC系统对256*256*256体数据的实时快速体绘制技术。     

基于有序体数据的最大密度投影算法

研究快速获取血管造影的方法，提出了一种基于有序体数据的新的最大密度投影算法．该算法采用Shear—warp投影思想，通过调整对有序体数据遍历的阈值实现快速绘制，在不影响显示有效信息的情况下，对中等规模的体数据能达到每秒10帧以上的绘制速度，并在微机上实现了血管造影图像的实时绘制．     

一种八叉树编码加速的3D纹理体绘制算法

针对后分类3D纹理体绘制算法在数据量较大或片元着色程序较复杂时绘制速度较慢的问题,提出了一种基于八叉树编码的加速算法.首先设置八叉树的高度,并根据空间位置对体数据逐层剖分,然后构建八叉树,用八叉树结点来保存生成子块的相关信息,最后遍历八叉树来实现空间跳跃,减少了在体数据内采样生成的片元数量,从而缩短了GPU对片元进行着色、测试、混合等处理的时间.实验结果表明,该算法可应用于不同片元程序的纹理体绘制中,绘制速度均在10帧/s以上,与自适应分块加速算法相比,该算法能获得平均3.7的高加速比.     

基于包围跳跃的CUDA光线投射算法

针对传统光线投射算法绘制速度慢和GPU (Graphics Processing Unit,图形处理器)不能有效进行并行计算的缺点,文章提出一种基于包围跳跃的CUDA(Compute Unified Device Architecture,计算统一设备架构)光线投射算法,首先介绍了CUDA的编程模型和线程结构,然后用包围盒技术隔离体数据周围无效的空体素,减少投射光线的数目;利用光线跳跃技术,在包围盒内进行快速光线的合成,跳过透明的体素,减少大量体素的重采样;最后使用CUDA强大的并行处理计算的功能实现光线投射算法。实验结果表明,本文的方法在保证图像质量的同时,在绘制速度上比基于GPU加速的光线投射算法有14倍的提高,能够接近实时绘制,有很好的应用价值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the