基于渔捞日志的舟山渔场单拖网渔获量时空特征分析

依据单拖网渔船2010年在舟山渔场进行捕捞作业时渔捞日志所记录的统计数据,开展了总渔获量以及渔获优势种时空分布的研究.结果显示,总渔获量在1～2月产量下降,3～5月产量在持续上升.禁渔期过后,9月产量显著上升,随后10～12月产量先上升后下降.总渔获量空间分布为,春季在30°18′～31°00′N,124°18′～25°18′E范围内渔获量相对较高;秋季渔获量最高分布在30°18′～31°00′N,123°00′～123°18′E之间;冬季在29°00′～30°00′N,125°00′～125°18′E范围内渔获量相对较高.秋季渔获量较春季和冬季明显增加.渔获量随时间变化的趋势大于随空间变动的趋势.渔获物中优势种类包括日本红娘鱼Lepidotrigla japonice、带鱼Trichiurus haumela、小黄鱼Pseudosciaena polyactis,渔获比例分别达到16.88％、7.58％、4.58％.研究结果表明,季节是影响优势种产量的主要因素.带鱼的高产季节为春季,小黄鱼高产则主要出现在春季和秋季,红娘鱼主要集中在春季和冬季.从各优势种产量的空间分布看,舟山渔场单拖网作业带鱼高产区主要分布在29°05′～31°18′N、123°00′～125°13′E范围内;小黄鱼产量主要分布在29°00′～30°34′N、122°34′～125°34′E范围内;红娘鱼产量主要集中在29°00′～31°10′N、123°00′～125°09′E区域内.     

东海北部浅海渔场头足类的数量分布

根据2003年2月至2006年12月对29°30′～32°00′N,122°30′～125°30′E东海北部浅海海域的调查资料,研究了头足类数量的时空分布和各类种类组成.结果表明头足类资源群落结构发生了较大变化,鱿鱼成为头足类的优势种,6月为其捕捞高峰期,密集分布区在长江口渔场的东部;其次为章鱼类,其高峰期出现在5月和9月,密集分布区在舟山渔场东南部;乌贼比例最低,每年渔获量不超过5%,基本形不成渔汛.为今后更好地持续利用长江口渔场和舟山渔场的头足类资源,建议春、冬季对其进行保护,夏季高峰期重点开发;在拖网伏休的7、8月份可采用光诱作业和鱿钓等作业方式进行利用.     

浙江外海渔场蛸类(章鱼)的数量分布

根据 2002～ 2003年浙江外海资源监测调查资料和 1994～ 1995年浙江渔场及邻近海域头足类资源调查资料,研究了蛸类 (章鱼 ) 数量的季节变化和时空分布 ,结果表明 :蛸类数量有两个高峰期,即夏季高峰 (8～ 9 kg/h)和秋冬季高峰 (5.73～ 10.5 kg/h).夏季高峰密集中心在 29° 00'～ 31° 00' N, 124° 00'～ 127° 00' E海域,秋冬季高峰密集中心出现在 26° 30'～ 28° 00' N, 123° 30'～ 125° 30' E.最后提出蛸类开发利用的建议.     

浙江机轮围网渔获量分布的研究

根据浙江省海洋水产研究所的监测资料,对2003～2006年浙江机轮围网渔获量的时空分布进行了研究与分析,结果表明:近年来,东海海域是浙江机轮围网的主要作业渔场,其渔获量重心呈逐年向外移动的趋势,外移的原因除与复杂的渔场环境因素相关外,还与近年来浙江群众传统灯光围网与2006年深水灯光围网的迅猛发展有关;中心渔场为高渔获量与高CPUE区,主要分布于33°～35°N、124°～125°E,26°～28°N、123°～125°E海域。     

舟山渔场及其邻近水域春、夏季鱼类群聚结构的空间特征

根据2008年5月和8月进行的东海区主要渔场重要渔业资源的底拖网渔业资源调查资料,选取舟山渔场及其邻近水域(27°00′~31°00′N,121°30′~126°30′E)为研究海区,通过聚类分析和非参数多维标序方法(NMDS)分析调查海区鱼类群落的空间特征。结果显示:调查海区大致可分为两种群聚类型:近海群聚和外海群聚,且两种群聚类型具有较稳定的空间格局。近海群聚的特征种类为带鱼、刺鲳、小黄鱼等;外海群聚的特征种类为带鱼、鳄齿鱼、六斑刺鲀等。单个环境因素(水深、底层温度、底层盐度)中,鱼类群聚与水深的相关性最好。     

东海北部、黄海南部深水流网渔业资源调查

根据1998年8月～2004年6月在27°00′～33°30′N、128°30′E以西一带海域作业的流网渔船累计76个航次,共1 661 197张网片所捕获的941 144kg渔获物分鱼种渔捞记录数据,阐述了该海域深水流网渔业资源状况.经查明,其渔获物种类较多,鱼类有65种,优势种类为方头鱼Branchiostegidae、白姑鱼Argyrosonus argentatus、刺鲳Psenopsis anomala三者共占总渔获量的70.1%,其出现频率在87.5%～100%之间,其它种类比重不大,或仅交替出现.该作业平均网产56.92 kg/100片网片,渔获量月变化明显,9～10月较多,6～7月较低.主要渔场是舟外渔场,渔获量占总渔获量的35.2%,平均网产60.98 kg/100片网片,三大优势种类数量均比其它各渔场高.在调查期间,三大优势种类所占比重变化不大,方头鱼始终居首位,白姑鱼和刺鲳年间变动量互相交替.从上述情况看,虽其资源结构相对较稳定,但与早期深水流网渔业比较,优势种类所占份额尤其方头鱼已有所减少,且年间波动较大,所以应当控制捕捞强度,合理利用,以期达到可持续发展.     

浙江舟山灯光敷网渔业利用资源的调查分析

根据2007-2008年的调查监测资料,对浙江省舟山市灯光敷网渔业利用资源状况进行了分析,结果表明:灯光敷网渔业的作业渔场范围为27°～32°30'N、123°～128°E之间海域,渔获量较高的海区集中在舟外渔场、鱼外渔场和鱼山渔场;渔期一般为每年的4-12月,盛渔期为5月、6月和9月;渔获组成以鸵鲣、头足类、鲐鱼、带鱼与单角革鲍为主,合计占总渔获量的93.58%;针对灯光敷网作业实际情况提出了休渔时间调整的建议.     

东海南部暗鳍兔头鲀渔场环境因子初探

根据舟山海洋渔业公司近3年在东海南部暗鳍兔头鲀钓作业记载的日志和生产统计资料,初步分析了东海南部暗鳍兔头鲀渔场的环境因子,结果表明:暗鳍兔头鲀渔场的变动和渔获量与水温环境因子的关系较为密切.当水温在17～23℃时,暗鳍兔头鲀渔获量随着温度的升高大致增加;当水温高于23℃时,暗鳍兔头鲀渔获量随着温度的升高反而降低;黑潮、台湾暖流、冷水团等海流的变化影响着暗鳍兔头鲀渔场范围大小及其移动,近3年渔场基本稳定在26°0'～28°30'N,122°30'～126°00'E的海域;浮游生物的分布与垂直移动影响暗鳍兔头鲀栖息集群及鲀钓渔法,暗鳍兔头鲀作业渔场的浮游生物量为25~50 mg/m3.     

东海中南部外海虾类组成特征分析

依据2006年5月(春)、8月(夏)、11月(秋)和2007年2月(冬)在东海中南部外海(26°00′~28°30′N,126°00′E以西)海域虾类资源调查资料,对该海域虾类的种类组成季节变化和空间格局特征作了分析。结果表明:东海中南部外海虾类季节间相似性指数较低,各季节贡献率较大的有长角赤虾、戴氏赤虾、东海红虾和假长缝拟对虾等种类。东海中南部外海虾类种类组成可分为A、B两个组群,A组群主要分布在126°00′E以西100 m等深线附近海域,主要以戴氏赤虾、长角赤虾、假长缝拟对虾、高脊管鞭虾和东海红虾为主;B组群主要分布在126°00′E以东100 m等深线附近海域,主要以脊单肢虾、日本异指虾和九齿扇虾为主。两个群聚类型的空间分布没有明显的群聚边界,但密集区有所不同。     

鲤鱼山公园不同海拔高度土壤动物群落的初步研究

文章2007年4月至5月期间对乌鲁木齐鲤鱼山公园(山顶87°34′759″E,40°50′566″N,山中坡87°34′716″E,43°50′577″N,山下坡87°34′488 ″E,43°50′993″N)三个不同海拔高度的土壤动物进行取样调查.本次调查共获大、中、小型土壤动物共3171只,经初步分类鉴定隶属于4门、10纲、19目,调查表明不同生境下,土壤动物的群落组成也不同,在三个不同海拔高度的土壤动物个体数量顺序为t山下坡(1493)>山中破(941)>1山顶(737).类群数量顺序为:山中坡(20)>山顶(18)>山下坡(16).调查发现真螨目为优势类群,弹尾目、综合目、正蚓目、膜翅目、鳞翅目、等足目、柄眼目、双翅且、地蜈蚣目、鞘翅目、革翅目等11类为常见类群,其余的为稀有类群.同时对其不同海拔高度土壤动物个体敷、类群数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数及Simpson优势度指数等群落结构指标进行分析并讨论,在不同高度和不同生境土壤动物各类群之间存在差异,并垂直分布调查发现具有明显的表聚特征,即从地表向下,随着深度的增加土壤动物类群和个体数量逐渐减少.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.