注聚井酸化解堵配方及工艺优化

聚合物驱三次采油过程中,随着聚合物注入体积的增加,注聚井堵塞问题日益突出,主要表现为:注入压力高、实注达不到配注、间歇注入等。针对这一问题,从解堵剂配方和施工工艺两方面对酸化解堵工艺进行了优化,以提高注聚井解堵效果。     

油田聚合物解堵生物酶制剂的研究进展

聚合物广泛应用于油气开采过程,如瓜尔胶及其衍生物、聚丙烯酰胺和纤维素基聚合物等都可应用于压裂过程,但是在压裂作业后聚合物会在储层断裂面堆积形成滤饼,导致储层堵塞,影响油气开采。通常使用酸和化学氧化剂作为“破胶剂”来降解聚合物滤饼,但化学破胶剂可能导致基础设施被腐蚀及储层伤害。基于此,利用生物酶作为破胶剂来降解聚合物则更加环保,也更有吸引力。当前,针对瓜尔胶的酶破胶剂已在油田中得到应用,针对其他聚合物的酶破胶剂仍处于研究开发阶段。因此,本文综述了瓜尔胶、聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)和黄原胶等聚合物的生物降解机制和降解酶的研究现状,讨论了生物酶破胶剂在实验室开发和油田应用中面临的挑战。     

JD-2000降解聚合物凝胶的效果评价及应用

随着聚合物累积注入量的增加,由注聚井堵塞造成的注聚压力升高、吸水剖面不均匀、欠注等一系列矛盾对聚驱效果影响及为严重。以注聚井真35-6井为例,通过对真35-6井注聚返吐物成分进行分析及储层堵塞位置的确定,有针对性的研究JD-2000对真35-6井注聚堵塞的改善效果。通过室内研究JD-2000对凝胶的降解效率及降解凝胶堵塞岩心实验评价,为现场解堵施工提供依据。现场应用结果表明,采用JD-2000对真35-6井进行解堵后,注入井的最高日注入量由3 m~3/d提高到21 m~3/d,日注入量范围均保持在10~20 m~3/d之间,较解堵前有了很明显的改善。     

旅大10-1油田注聚井堵塞机理研究

聚合物驱已成为旅大10-1油田提高采收率的一项重要技术.随着聚合物驱的进行,注聚井堵塞问题日益突出,严重影响了聚驱效果和油田的正常生产.通过红外光谱、XRD、XRF、ICP分析方法对堵塞垢样进行了组分分析,并从聚合物地层吸附、高价金属离子、储层渗透率等方面对旅大10-1油田注聚堵塞进行了探讨与研究.     

注聚区油井防砂层堵塞原因与解堵措施

针对胜利油田注聚合物区块油井防砂层的堵塞问题,通过X射线衍射、显微观察、激光粒度和氧化铝色谱等分析手段,对注聚区油井防砂层注聚前后砂样的形态和表面物种组成进行分析;分析聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)的降解机制,并进行解堵剂的优选.结果表明:造成防砂层堵塞的主要原因是聚丙烯酰胺在砂粒表面的聚集、吸附作用,此外还有地层中矿物质微粒的运移,以及聚合物、原油组分与地层微粒在防砂层共同的作用;优选出的AY-1型和AY-2型2种解堵剂对聚合物的降解效果良好.     

克拉玛依油田注水井解堵增注技术研究

随着开采时间的延长,注水开发油田地下矛盾进一步突出,产水量不断上升,产量逐年递减。克拉玛依油田 自投入开发以来实施污水回注,由于回注污水水质不达标等因素,造成地层堵塞严重,注入压力高,注入量少。通过分 析注水井动态资料和堵塞物情况,剖析了注水井的堵塞机理,针对不同堵塞机理,研制了相应的解堵剂,并对解堵液溶 蚀岩样、降解聚合物、清除FeS 垢进行了室内评价实验。结果表明,该解堵液溶蚀能力强,可大幅降低聚合物溶液的黏 度、可氧化分解聚合物凝胶,能有效清除FeS 垢。对水敏性储层砂岩酸化所存在的问题,采用FP 1 防膨剂酸化增注 工艺。现场实施后,措施效果显著,这对于其他油田类似现象有一定的借鉴意义。     

注聚井解堵剂的研究与应用

确定的注聚井解堵剂主要由5%的裂解剂、3.50mol亚硝酸钠和3.30mol氯化铵水溶液作自生气体增能扩散剂,对于不同渗透率的岩心经过聚合物堵塞,解堵剂对渗透率恢复程度大于80%。解堵后注聚井注入压力下降1.7MPa,注入量增加52m3。     

交联聚合物动态成胶及运移的室内模拟研究

室内采用长岩芯填砂装置模拟了交联聚合物注入、成胶封堵和运移过程。室内模拟结果表明,注入的调剖体系能够达到设计的封堵位置,在注入过程中体系受稀释、剪切和吸附等因素影响,其浓度和成胶前的初始黏度沿程呈下降趋势。在实验所用的浓度(0.2%HPAM)条件下,孔隙介质中的堵剂体系形成有效堵塞的时间显著延长,是静态条件下的6倍;从不同部位堵剂取样成胶后黏度和岩芯封堵前后注水压力变化情况看,有效封堵距离r小于设计封堵距离r′,0.67r′相似文献   

新疆砾岩油藏七东1区聚合物驱研究

砾岩油藏比砂岩油藏更加复杂特殊,不能把砂岩油藏聚合物驱油的方法直接应用到砾岩油藏。分析了砾岩油藏的储层和孔隙特征,对已经开展的砾岩油藏聚合物驱工业性试验进行了系统研究和总结。对比分析了试验区与砂岩油田聚合物驱含水、注入压力、见聚时间、产聚上升速度、提高采收率幅度等。在实验室配方研究的基础上,开展聚合物注入浓度、段塞大小、注入速度和注入时机等敏感因素的分析,得出聚合物驱工业扩大化试验最优注聚参数:聚合物注入时机:含水率85%,平均注入浓度:1 500 mg/L,注入段塞大小:0.6 PV～0.7 PV。     

聚表剂性能评价及试验效果分析

聚表剂是近年来新研制的一元驱油剂,兼具高分子聚合物与表面活性剂双重特性。具有高效增黏、抗盐、抗氧化降解、抗生物降解、选择性堵水等特性,同时具有流度控制能力和乳化增溶能力。通过对不同注入时机的聚表剂驱矿场试验跟踪分析得出:与聚合物驱相比,聚表剂驱注入能力及剖面调整作用强。采出井没有含水上升期,低含水稳定时间长,采液能力下降幅度大。聚驱后聚表剂驱见到一定的降水增油效果。水驱后聚表剂驱降水增油效果明显,采收率提高值可达18%。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.