管翅式换热器流动和换热的低阶模型模拟

采用最佳正交分解技术(POD)建立管翅式换热器的低阶模型,通过数值模拟的方法得到管翅式换热器在雷诺数为100~2 000时的流场和温度场。通过对系统样本实施最佳正交分解得到该物理问题的POD基函数和谱系数。POD基函数具有能量最优的特性,即在重构公式中使用较小的截断自由度可将原物理问题的解准确地表示出来,重构公式在非设计参数时的谱系数由线性插值的方法得到。研究结果表明,基于POD的低阶模型可以快速、准确地预测出管翅式换热器内的温度场和速度场,计算时间仅为SIMPLE算法的1/1 200。     

两相水驱油低阶模型计算方法研究

将最佳正交分解技术运用到两相水驱油低阶模型中,建立油水两相的水驱油低阶模型。用IMPES的数值算法得到一维水驱油的油水两相压力和油、水饱和度数值场。通过对压力及饱和度样本数据实施最佳正交分解,得到该问题的POD基函数。POD基函数具有能量最优的特性,即在重构公式中使用较小的截断自由度可将原问题的主要特征解准确地表示出来。通过结果的対比基于POD的低阶模型可以快速、准确地计算出ー维两相油藏模型的压力及油、水饱和度场,计算时间较之直接求解方法提高将近60倍。     

一种适用于复杂结构管翅式换热器传热性能分析的高效数值方法

特征正交分解POD(Proper orthogonal decomposition)低阶模型是一种对物理问题的高保真加速技术,被广泛应用于工程实际.本文针对带涡产生器的扁管管翅式换热器这一复杂结构中流动与传热特性问题,构建了适用于求解该类问题的POD低阶模型.采用SVD(Singular Value Decomposition)方法从样本中提取基函数,将基函数与谱系数结合,探究空气侧雷诺数、翅片间距、横向管间距这3种参数变化下传热单元的温度场和速度场.研究结果表明:POD方法对于复杂结构的多变量稳态问题是适用的,重构温度场的平均相对误差最大值为0.0047%,重构速度场的平均相对误差最大值为0.036%.而且,POD方法不仅计算精度高,在计算速度上也平均高达SIMPLE算法的556倍.本文POD方法在扁管管翅式换热器传热特性方面的研究尝试,拓展了该方法的工程应用范围,对于提高复杂结构换热器数值设计效率有一定的理论参考价值.     

基于混合多变量经验模态分解和极限学习机的非平稳过程预测

传感器布置不足和传感器数据缺失是风压实测研究中需要解决的重要问题,风压的空间预测可以恢复缺失数据和拓展风压空间信息,帮助建立结构表面的风压分布.为此提出一种基于多变量经验模态分解(MEMD)和极限学习机(ELM)的空间预测算法.采用MEMD分解非平稳信号,得到多组模态数目相同且频率匹配的固有模态函数和余项.对分解得到的数据按频率进行重组,作为输入数据,用ELM进行学习和预测.采用基于自回归滑动平均的模拟风速数据和实测非平稳风压数据来验证算法的有效性和精确度,同时引入基于径向基核函数的最小二乘支持向量机(RBF-LSSVM)和ELM方法作为对比.试验结果表明,MEMD-ELM方法的预测结果误差更小,与真实值更为接近.MEMD的多变量同时分解可以保留数据间的相关性,从而在非平稳过程空间预测时达到更好的效果,是一种稳定而有效的多变量预测方法.     

基于Hermite组合核EMD-WT-LSSVM的非平稳非高斯风压预测

运用经验模态分解(EMD)将某大跨度膜结构测点非平稳风压分解为一系列相对平稳的固有模态函数和一个剩余分量.为消除实测风压中噪声对固有模态函数的影响,使用小波变换对每个固有模态函数进行去噪,将去噪后的固有模态函数及剩余分量作为样本输入.分别将径向基核函数、Hermite核函数及Hermite组合核与最小二乘支持向量机结合(LSSVM),运用粒子群算法(PSO)对3种算法的正则化参数及核参数进行智能寻优,建立基于径向基核函数、Hermite核函数及Hermite组合核的PSO-LSSVM风压预测算法,并基于超高层建筑实测风压验证了组合模型的鲁棒性.单点预测结果表明,基于Hermite组合核的PSO-LSSVM的预测算法较其余两种算法具有更高预测精度及泛化能力;空间点预测结果进一步证明了该方法对于非平稳非高斯风压预测的有效性.     

采用球面调和函数刻画岩心孔隙形态研究

针对统计特征函数和传统的球面调和函数不能有效刻画岩心三维模型形态特征的问题,提出了一种岩心球面调和函数.首先将三维岩心分解成同心球模型,并根据同心球的不同半径得到一系列的球面函数.然后对生成的球面函数进行调和分析获得形态特征描述子.最后通过相似性判定函数比较形态特征描述子获得不同岩心三维模型的形态相似性.利用多组砂岩岩心样本进行了比较实验,结果表明新算法能够有效描述岩心三维模型的形态特征,并且比统计特征函数和传统的球面调和函数具有更为准确的刻画能力.     

基于小波变换和优化预测器的瓦斯浓度预测

为了准确预测煤矿瓦斯浓度,提出一种基于小波变换和优化预测器的预测方法.用瓦斯浓度序列分解到小波函数空间(或尺度函数空间)上的能量作为尺度能量,依据尺度能量与满足预测精度的最大误差能量的比值关系,确定小波最佳分解级数.通过小波分解降低瓦斯浓度序列的复杂度,引入延时映射,将小波分解后各个分量转化为具有历史特征的新样本分别进行预测,所得到结果进行叠加为最终预测结果.提出基于预测残差方差比检验的最佳延时单元数确定方法,以预测残差的F检验值作为适应值,采用粒子群算法优化预测器的参数.结果表明:单一的BP人工神经网络(BP_ANN)或支持向量机(SVM)所建立的预测方法对某些瓦斯浓度突变数据的预测有过拟合现象,其预测结果的平均误差大于23%,小波变换后的组合预测方法对于瓦斯浓度突变数据具有较好的跟踪能力和反应速度,采用预测模型的最佳参数后,预测器性能显著提高,平均误差小于10%,表明所建议的方法是可行和有效的.     

基于归纳学习的结构损伤识别方法研究

采用归纳学习方法来识别结构损伤．首先，通过对经典的决策树算法和序列覆盖算法进行结合与改进，得到一种高效且代价又小的归纳学习算法(RAC)，同时引入装袋算法产生多个分类法，并用它们进行类预测，而且使用选票策略得出最佳类预测．其次，用正交最小二乘迭代算法作为径向基函数(RBF)神经网络的学习方法，通过“信息一贡献”准则进行正交变换来优选中心．最后，对上述归纳学习方法用于梁结构损伤定位的效果进行了实验评估．结果表明，对于RAC算法和生成分类法的数目分别为10和50情况下的装袋算法，当损伤样本被噪声污染程度在100％时，识别精度均可达到90％以上，而对于RBF神经网络算法，只有当损伤样本被噪声污染程度小于70％时，识别精度才可达到90％以上。     

贝叶斯框架的LS-SVM回归在民机液压系统预测中的应用

 为实现民机液压系统的健康预测,将贝叶斯框架应用于LS-SVM参数的选优.选用径向基核函数,选择了预测回归模型的算法和区间预测公式.用训练样本建立了液压系统的健康预测模型,用测试样本验证了公式的有效性;对液压数据参数进行预测,将预测值带入健康评估模型中得到预测结果.结果表明,基于贝叶斯框架下的LS-SVM回归模型可以很好地用于民机液压系统的健康预测.     

带多个核函数的多尺度径向基函数网络

构造了一种带多个核函数的多尺度径向基函数网络.这种网络结构同时使用多个核函数,能根据不同的数据分布特点,自适应地选取核函数的尺度与其他参数.利用k均值聚类方法得到核函数中心参数备选项,用经验确定核函数的尺度,用高斯函数与小波函数构造原子库,最后利用正交最小二乘算法训练网络.实验结果表明,与传统的单核径向基函数网络相比,新网络模型结构更稀疏、泛化能力更强.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.