长江三角洲南翼第四纪沉积层序及其与古环境演变的耦合

为研究长江三角洲南翼第四纪地层划分及其与古环境演变的耦合关系,对长江三角洲南翼的第四系BZK02孔(孔深322. 1 m,取芯率大于96%),进行沉积物粒度、孢粉和微体古生物分析,结合岩性地层讨论了上新世以来钻孔揭示的孢粉组合、古环境演化、沉积层序和古气候特征。结果表明,研究区上新世以来经历了多次环境变化,孢粉类型鉴定133种,有孔虫鉴定17属29种,介形类鉴定7属8种。钻孔自下而上揭示岩性第四纪沉积地层依次为上新统嘉兴组一段(299. 8～322. 0 m)、早更新统嘉兴组(160～299. 8 m)、中更新统前港组(87. 3～160. 0 m)、晚更新统东浦组(72. 0～87. 3 m)、晚更新统宁波组(18. 6～72. 0 m)、全新统镇海组(0～18. 6 m)。古环境演化主要表现为上新世以残积坡、河流沉积为主,气候温冷偏湿;早更新世以河流相、河湖相沉积为主,气候经历温暖湿润-寒冷干燥变化的2个旋回;中更新世早期为河流-滨海相沉积,气候温暖湿润,晚期为河湖相沉积为主,气候温凉干燥;晚更新世以河湖、潮坪、河口沉积环境为主,气候经历温暖湿润-温暖偏干-温暖偏湿-寒冷干燥变化;全新世以浅海相、河湖相、湖沼相沉积环境,气候特征早期为干冷,晚期温暖偏干。     

崇明岛地区6500年以来植被、气候演化

崇明岛地区以前孢粉研究资料较少 ,通过对崇明岛北侧的CY孔作了高分辨率的孢粉研究 ,详细地划出了大西洋期以来的 9个孢粉组合带 ,并结合邻区钻孔孢粉资料研究 ,恢复了该区植被、气候演化的 7个阶段 .从大西洋中期起植被依次为 :中亚热带含落叶树的常绿阔叶林—中亚热带北缘常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶混交林—北亚热带北缘以松、栎为主的落叶阔叶、针叶混交林—中亚热带北缘常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶混交林—北亚热带常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶、针叶混交林—北亚热带北缘含常绿阔叶树的落叶阔叶、针叶混交林—北亚热带常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶、针叶混交林 .气候经历如下的波动 :热暖潮湿—暖热湿润—温和略干—温暖湿润—温暖略湿—温而略干—温暖湿润 ,这种气候的波动与世界性的气候变化相一致 ,而且与海平面变化相吻合 ,从而为该地区古植被、古气候、古环境的重建提供了丰富的孢粉学资料     

广州地区晚第四纪孢粉气候研究

 利用广州地区南北2个不同沉积地貌区的钻孔进行孢粉分析,结合测年和沉积信息,分析了广州所代表的珠江三角洲地区晚更新世以来的沉积环境和气候变化。孢粉分析结果显示：在晚更新世珠江三角洲地区气候经历了偏冷干-偏凉干-暖湿-热湿-偏凉干-冷干的变化过程,末次冰期对本区具有明显影响,使全新世和晚更新世孢粉组合表现出一定的差异;全新世气候明显转暖湿,整体上以暖湿为主,但出现了一些小的气候波动事件,最明显的是在2 250 a BP 前后偏凉干的变化;该区在晚更新世和全新世各经历过一次海侵,两孔反映的气候期和海平面变化较为一致,气候和海平面变化也有很好的对应。两孔在地层、沉积相和孢粉特征上的差异是地理位置、沉积环境和基座地貌等差异造成的。     

厦门湾—九龙江口地区MIS 4以来孢粉组合特征及古气候意义

根据厦门湾—九龙江口地区3个钻孔的孢粉组合特征分析,结合沉积相和年代数据,探讨本区晚更新世以来的古气候和古环境演变。孢粉分析结果表明,MIS4阶段早期以来该区的古气候演变包括:晚更新世偏冷干—早中全新世(约8~5.5 cal.ka BP)温干转热湿—晚中全新世(约5.5~2.5 cal.ka BP)较暖湿转温和稍干—晚全新世(约2.5 cal.ka BP至今)暖湿等的波动和变化。晚更新世全球范围的大幅降温在本区影响较大,全新世气候变化的特点是温湿度在一定幅度中波动,人类活动对植被的干扰在晚全新世以来有明显的体现。     

淀山湖地区晚第四纪孢粉及古环境研究

通过对淀山湖地区赵巷4井、淀峰1井等晚第四纪地层孢粉研究，划分出6个孢粉组合带，反映本地区植被演替与气候波动的6个阶段．自古至今依次是：第一阶段常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶混交林，反映气候温暖湿润(Q3^3-2)；第二阶段稀疏的针叶、落叶阔叶混交林，反映气候冷而稍湿(Q3^3-3)；第三阶段针叶、落叶阔叶混交林一草原，反映气候温和略湿(Q4^1)；第四阶段以常绿栎类为主的常绿阔叶林，反映气候热暖潮湿(相当于大西洋期，Q4^2)；第五阶段以栎、松、禾本科、水龙骨科为主的针叶、阔叶混交林，反映气候温暖略干(相当于亚北方期，Q4^2后期)；第六阶段以常绿栎类、落叶栎类、松为主的针、阔叶混交林-草原，反映气候温暖湿润(相当于亚大西洋期，Q4^3)．这种气候波动与世界性的气候变化相一致．     

江淮东部平原晚更新世末植被演替及气候变化

在对位于江淮东部平原的江苏兴化蒋家舍地层剖面进行野外考察采样、AMS14 C年代测定和孢粉分析的基础上,初步探讨了研究区晚更新世末的植被演替及气候变化.结果表明:1)27.9-13.5cal.ka BP,剖面中孢粉含量高,植物的科属也丰富.其中,27.9-26.7cal.ka BP、14.5-14.2 cal.ka BP时段研究区植被为针阔叶混交林,反映气候温暖较湿润,而26.7-14.5 cal.ka BP期间地层出现沉积间断,气候寒冷干燥;14.2-13.5 cal.ka BP时段草本植物含量较高,总体为针阔叶混交林草原植被,气候温凉稍干.2)13.5-12.6cal.ka BP,剖面中孢粉含量较低,植物的科属也较贫乏,木本植物所占百分比较低,草本植物花粉含量相对较高.其中,13.5-12.8 cal.ka BP为覆盖度趋低的针阔叶混交林或草原植被,气候向干冷发展,12.8-12.6 cal.ka BP时段为针阔叶混交林植被,木本植物含量有所上升,反映气候稍暖湿.3)针叶乔木松属花粉和蕨类植物水蕨科植物孢子在剖面中自下而上均有不同程度的分布,常绿阔叶和落叶阔叶类出现率较低,这种现象跟当地现代植被的植物组合略有差异.     

贵州安顺小黑土晚更新世古植被和古气候

小黑土剖面是黔中高原岩溶化盆地剖面,深390cm,未达基岩.采样71块,获孢粉17769粒,有71个科属,以本本花粉为主,其次为草本花粉,蕨类孢子较少.自下而上划分为二个孢粉组合带.反映出古植被变化为落叶阔叶树为主的常绿、落叶针阔叶混交林,附近山地有松林及云杉林一常绿、落叶针阔叶混交林及喜冷湿的莎草较多.古气候变化由温凉一温暧偏凉湿.其地质时代,经~(14)C测定,孔深390cm处为24500±1800a.B.P.;深310cm处为21260a.B.P.,属晚更新世.     

汉中盆地军王村黄土-古土壤剖面的色度特征及机理

对汉中盆地城固县军王村(JWC)剖面的色度参数进行分析,并结合磁化率、烧失量、氧化铁进行主控因素的研究。结果表明:亮度(L*)含量的变化与有机质含量密切相关,红度(a*)的变化与氧化铁含量密不可分;色度参数曲线与磁化率曲线具有同步的变化趋势,其中L*、a*、a*/b*对气候响应敏感,能作为较好的气候替代指标,记录了该区的气候和成壤环境变化;各色度参数的变化趋势反映了晚更新世末期气候冷干→全新世初期气候开始转向暖湿→全新世中期气候湿热→全新世晚期气候暖湿降低,但晚更新世末期的气候并不是持续稳定的,在38.8~25.6 ka BP期间出现了短暂的相对温暖湿润的阶段。     

漳卫河流域中更新世早期以来沉积物特征及古环境分析

本文通过漳卫河流域ZKD-3 钻孔前78.6m沉积物的光释光测年结果和粒度、磁化率测试结果进行分析,还原了漳卫河流域220kaB.P.以来的古环境的演化历史。根据测试结果,可将漳卫河流域220ka BP以来古环境分为5个变化阶段：223.4~196.5ka B.P气候温暖湿润;196.3~187.3ka B.P.气候开始转向寒冷干燥;185.6~87.4ka B.P. 气候为寒冷干燥,并逐渐转向温暖湿润;84.5~12.6ka B.P.气候整体为寒冷干燥,;9.87~0.68 ka B.P.经历了温凉略干→温暖湿润→温凉偏干。漳卫河流域的气候演化即具有全球气候变化一致性特征,同时也受区域特征的影响。     

潮白河下游晚更新世晚期—全新世早期地层粒度特征研究

本文通过潮白河下游第四纪剖面测量,采集光释光样品2个,显示剖面年龄为12.36±1.76ka ~5.15±0.80ka,为晚更新世晚期到全新世早期沉积,结合地层厚度,该地区平均沉积速率为0.038cm/a。共采集37个粒度样品,频率曲线特征是：双峰、左偏双峰、右偏双峰、三峰,说明沉积物成分复杂。概率累计曲线特征是三段式,滚动组分含量存在变化,说明水动力条件存在强弱的更替。地层至下而上沉积模式是粘土—粉砂—粉砂质粘土。结合区域地质特征,综合分析潮白河下游晚更新世晚期—全新世早期沉积环境为泛滥平原沉积;本文研究结果可为潮白河中下游沉积过程研究、地下水综合利用与开发提供重要地质资料。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to