介质阻挡放电-催化降解甲苯的研究

〖JP2〗采用线板式介质阻挡放电结合催化剂去除甲苯，系统研究背景气体、催化剂负载位置、湿度等因素对甲苯去除与出口O3质量浓度的影响. 结果表明，负载催化剂能提高反应器的能量密度. 催化剂置于等离子体区，主要作用是催化含氧物种，实现甲苯的高效去除，〖JP〗同时可降低出口O3质量浓度. 发泡镍后端负载催化剂，比前端负载催化剂的甲苯去除效率高，出口O3质量浓度低. 湿度对等离子体去除甲苯具有双重效应，甲苯的去除效率随着湿度的增加先增大后减少.催化剂置于等离子体区后，可实现甲苯和O3的同时高效去除. 在等离子体催化体系中，甲苯的降解由高能电子和自由基引发，反应的主要产物是CO、CO2和H2O，气相副产物主要有烷烃、酸、醛和含苯环有机物.     

甲苯在不同背景气氛下的介质阻挡放电降解行为研究

采用线板式介质阻挡放电对甲苯进行降解,研究不同背景气氛(不同配比的N2/Ar和N2/O2)下甲苯的降解行为.研究发现,当氮气中加入氩气时,随着N2/Ar中Ar含量的增加,甲苯的降解率迅速升高,而且所需的电场强度大大降低.当背景气体为氩气(含微量氧)时,输入电压仅为4 kV,甲苯的降解率就可达98.1%.在N2/Ar中甲苯一部分转化为CO和CO2,其他为一些副产物,如HCN,CH4,C2H6,C12H26等.在N2/O2气氛下,氧的体积分数为2%左右时甲苯的降解效率最高,甲苯几乎完全被氧化为CO和CO2,副产物仅为O3.     

沿面型介质阻挡放电氧化NO的试验研究

针对空间型介质阻挡放电脱除NO效率低、能耗高的问题,试验采用螺旋形沿面介质阻挡放电反应器,研究其氧化NO的影响因素,并对反应产物分布和能耗进行了分析.研究结果表明:当O_2体积分数很低或者为0时,NO主要通过还原途径转化为N_2;随着O_2体积分数的增加,NO通过氧化转化的途径逐渐占主导地位,总体的NO脱除率逐渐下降,NO_2生成率逐渐上升;NO入口体积分数的增大和停留时间的减少都会使NO脱除率降低,同时NO入口体积分数的变化对NO_2生成率的影响程度显著大于停留时间.NO在放电中的主要产物为N_2,NO_2和N_2O.当O_2体积分数为6%时,螺旋形沿面介质阻挡放电能量收益值为6.16g/(kW·h).     

窄间隙介质阻挡放电转化甲烷的研究

在常温常压无催化剂条件下,对介质阻挡放电甲烷与氧气的合成进行了研究.试验了原料气体总流量、氧的体积分数和激励电压等参数对甲烷转化率、甲醇及C2H4收率的影响,并研究了不同氧的体积分数下甲烷转化率和消耗功率的关系.甲烷和氧气的总流量为1 000 mL/min时,CH4转化率保持在70%以上,最高达到81.1%;氧气的加入提高了甲醇的收率,当氧的体积分数为18.26%时甲醇收率达到12.33%;激励电压在1 850~1 900 V时,CH4转化率、甲醇和C2H4的收率均出现了最大值;随着消耗功率的减少,CH4转化率也随之降低.     

利用低温等离子体技术脱除甲醛的研究

利用低温等离子体技术对脱除甲醛进行实验研究.设计了介质阻挡放电和电晕放电反应器,并分别加以高频交流高压和交直流叠加高压.比较了在不同工作参数下甲醛的脱除效果.实验结果表明,用介质阻挡放电脱除甲醛的脱除率及能量效率都比电晕放电的高,在低体积分数(10-5下)其脱除率可达99%以上,在高体积分数(2×10-4左右)其脱除率可达90%以上.这说明在甲醛体积分数相对于室内空气甲醛含量超标100倍内时,可利用介质阻挡放电脱除甲醛.     

介质阻挡放电等离子体降解甲苯废气

为了研究低温等离子体处理挥发性有机物(VOCs),采用介质阻挡放电的形式对甲苯(C_7H_8)废气进行降解,研究放电功率、气体流量等对甲苯去除率和反应能量效率的影响;同时,探讨臭氧的产生对反应过程的影响,并采用光谱法对等离子体特征进行分析.结果表明,增加放电功率和等离子体的能量密度,降低气体流量,可以使甲苯去除效率提高,但反应的能量效率逐渐降低,反应过程中的能量损耗增加;反应过程中生成臭氧的浓度与甲苯去除率呈正相关性,臭氧的产生与甲苯降解同步进行,促进臭氧的分解有利于甲苯降解;氧等离子体特征谱线由O_Ⅱ谱线、O_Ⅲ谱线和O_Ⅳ谱线辐射共同组成,并且强度随功率增大而加强.     

介质阻挡放电协同铜氧化物催化剂脱除NOx反应研究

研究了以煤基活性炭为载体的铜氧化物催化剂在阻挡介质放电反应器中对NOx脱除效率的影响规律,以及催化剂在反应前后的变化和主要产物。研究结果表明,以煤基活性炭为载体的铜氧化物催化剂协同阻挡介质放电反应器,可使NO有效氧化为NO2,对NOx也有明显的脱除效果,使NO2进一步氧化为NO3-,阻止了等离子体状态下活性氧自由基自身结合生成氧气的循环反应;该催化剂对氮氧化物具有吸附和储存功能,提高了反应物浓度和反应速率。随着介质阻挡放电反应器输入能量的增加,氮氧化物脱除效率增大,该能量可有效产生等离子体,提高活性粒子和氧自由基浓度,同时提高催化剂的吸附和催化活性。     

臭氧去除室内空气甲醛的研究

应用臭氧空气净化器对室内空气甲醛进行去除.实验过程中,检测了实验和对照房间甲醛体积分数,以确定臭氧对甲醛的去除效果.同时对室内温、湿度以及大气压力进行测定.实验结果显示,臭氧对甲醛去除效果有限,最大去除效率为32%.同时考察了人造板甲醛散发速率对臭氧去除甲醛效率的影响.结果显示甲醛散发速率对室内甲醛体积分数的降低有显著影响.     

非热等离子体对柴油机尾气中NO_x的治理

为去除柴油机尾气中的氮氧化物(NOx),设计了一套基于介质阻挡放电形式的非热等离子体(non-thermal plasma,NTP)反应器。通过改变放电电压及模拟气体组分,考察了NTP对NOx的还原效果以及对BaO/Al2O3催化剂储存NOx的促进作用。结果表明,NTP直接还原NOx效率不高,但可将NO氧化成NO2;从NO向NO2的转化率随放电电压及含氧量的升高而增加;加入丙烯能提高直接净化NOx的效率;由于NTP的协同,催化剂的NOx储存能力在300℃下提高了68%。     

·OH对窄间隙气体放电烟气脱硫效果的影响

采用窄间隙强电场电离气体放电,将O2,H2O等气体分子电离加工成高浓度的强氧化羟基自由基(.OH),进而在等离子体反应器中直接将模拟烟气中的SO2氧化脱除,反应产生的H2SO4采用电集雾器回收.脱硫过程中不使用催化剂,不加吸收剂,是一种具有应用前景的脱硫新方法.主要对放电功率、氧的体积分数以及水的体积分数对.OH和SO2脱除率的影响进行了实验研究,结果表明:模拟烟气总流量为0.1 m3/h,氧的体积分数为21%,水的体积分数为1.38%,SO2初始体积分数为0.08%时,SO2脱除率为78%.随着放电功率及O2,H2O体积分数的增加,SO2脱除率有明显提高.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to