中国成年人尺寸标准在产品设计中的应用方法

分析了中国成年人体尺寸标准GB10000-88的数据结构特点,总结了中国成年人尺寸的分布特点和发展趋势;概述了百分位数的计算方法,从姿态调整、服装修正、心理补偿等几个方面分析了中国成年人体尺寸数据标准在产品设计中的修正原则,并提出了产品设计的数据一般应用方法.为正确使用GB10000-88、准确定位产品设计尺寸提供依据.     

座椅送风大空间湿度分布模拟

运用CFD方法,采用人体与座椅的实体简化模型,研究了座椅送风条件下的某剧院的湿度分布特征.简化模型的人体尺寸由国家标准GB10000－88中国成年人人体尺寸数据简化而成;座椅送风口根据妥思座椅置换送风系列TCD-B/190参数简化而成.平均每个人对外界的散热量为120 W.结果表明,相对湿度与温度都存在分层梯度分布,温度随高度增加而升高,而相对湿度随温度升高而降低.这与送风口可视为一个温源,湿空气上升过程可近似视为一个等含湿量过程有关.座椅送风系统这一特性,有利于实现微气候分区控制,降低系统通风量,同时也为室内的温湿度控制提供了新的思路.     

用于射频安全的标准中国人头模型构建

为评估无线发射设备的电磁辐射比吸收率,本文构建了用于数值计算的标准中国人头模型(CHP).模型尺寸来源于中国发布的成年人头面部尺寸中的第50百分位的数据,模型的厚度及耳部的轮廓与特定标准头部模型(SAM)人头模型相同.构建了一个频率为1 761 MHz的PIFA天线手机模型对CHP模型和SAM模型进行SAR评估,并对评估结果进行了分析与讨论.     

基于猪触电试验的人体触电规律研究

针对无法用人体进行触电试验的问题,提出基于动物猪触电试验数据研究人体触电规律的方法.首先将达尔基尔人体摆脱电流-频率特性曲线的数据作为训练样本,利用BP神经网络建立成年人摆脱电流预测模型;然后以触电试验获得的不同体质量猪的触电试验数据为基础,利用回归分析建立了猪触电电流与体质量的关系模型;根据人与猪在生理、解剖学、电特性等方面高度相似性的特点,依据生物电磁学构建了触电通道,并利用柱体模型获得成年人与试验猪阻抗的映射关系,进而推得成年人在36 V,50 Hz时的触电电流与体质量的关系模型.研究结果表明:发生触电事故时,流过人体内的触电电流与人的体质量呈正相关;36 V,50 Hz条件下,50 kg成年人触电电流为17.02 mA,基于BP神经网络模型获得的50 kg成年人摆脱电流为16.22 mA,两者误差为0.8 mA.     

基于人机工程学的儿童弱视仪设计研究

通过对儿童弱视治疗仪功能尺寸、界面设计等的设计分析,将人机工程学的理论贯穿产品设计的全过程,提出了满足人机工程关系是产品设计合理与否的依据,是评价产品设计合理的一个重要标准.     

基于模糊模式识别的成年人体质测试数据评级分析

采用模糊模式识别的方法分折了2005年河北省成年人男女各一个年龄段的体质测试数据,依据数据本身的相关性,通过构造隶属函数评级,评判结果与按照<国民体质测定标准>得出的评级一致率达到70%以上,分析了误判的原因,并指出了方法的适用范围.借助隶属度描述综合评级结果,对<国标>的确定性评级划分给出了补充和修正.     

基于图解法的BQ分级限定条件及计算公式研究

《工程岩体分级标准》(GB/T 50218—2014)修改了原标准GB 50218—1994中的BQ(basic quality)分级指标计算公式，但其两个限定条件(岩石饱和单轴抗压强度和岩体完整性系数)没有进行同步修正.通过大量数据研究发现，直接用受岩石饱和单轴抗压强度(R_○c)和岩体完整性系数(K_○v)限定条件折减后的数据进行定量计算，多会导致定性与定量计算结果不吻合.本文对限定条件进行修正，并基于简化的图解法进行分析，得出R_○c限定条件的影响范围较广泛，则以数据库中新增54组数据为样本，由R_○c限定条件折减的数据进行回归分析建立新的计算公式.将得到的修正后的限定条件和新的区段计算公式，依托实际工程数据进行验证.结果表明，本文修正的限定条件和提出的计算公式提高了定性分级与定量分级的吻合度，得到了更准确的分级结果.     

滤波器湍流模型在空化流动计算中的应用

以绕栅中水翼流动为例,对滤波器湍流模型(FBM)在空化流动计算中的应用方法进行研究.以水翼附近加密区的最大网格尺度为基准,采用了4种不同的滤波器尺寸,结合水洞实验和标准κ-ε模型结果,从空泡形态和阻力预测两方面对滤波器尺寸的影响及其选用方法进行分析.结果表明,滤波函数对翼形尾部空泡脱落区的湍流黏度起到了修正作用,且滤波尺寸越小,修正的幅度越大.考虑到网格对湍流尺度的分辨能力,建议滤波器尺寸取比加密区最大网格尺度稍大的值.     

数据访问技术在轴承CAD系统开发中的应用

将数据访问技术应用到轴承CAD系统开发中 ,解决了轴承CAD系统与设计所需数据间的调用和连接问题 ,能简洁高效地实现自动检索轴承标准尺寸和轴承非标准尺寸的交互式输入 ,使轴承CAD系统很方便地调用标准工程数据库 ,有效地提高了产品设计效率。     

铜及铜合金带弯曲试验标准对比研究

为了提高电子元件材料可靠性和我国铜合金带行业的国际竞争力,对比分析了美国标准(ASTM)和中国国家标准(GB)关于铜及铜合金带弯曲试验的主要差异。在铜及铜合金带弯曲试验标准体系上,美国标准(ASTM)优于中国国家标准(GB)。目前,我国铜及铜合金带标准GB/T2059-2008和YS/T 1041-2015都引用了适用于所有金属材料、所有厚度的GB/T232《金属材料弯曲试验方法》作为弯曲试验标准,没有引用GB/T 15825.5《金属薄板成形性能与试验方法 -第5部分:弯曲试验》。在铜及铜合金带弯曲性能测试严苛性和适用性上,GB/T15825.5-2008比GB/T232-2010严格及适用,ASTM B820-14a比GB/T15825.5-2008更严格、更适用。为了提升我国铜合金带标准水平,中国国家标准(GB)组织应该尽快制定专用铜及铜合金带弯曲试验标准,或尽快更新铜及铜合金带弯曲试验标准体系。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.