连铸板坯全冶金长度凝固形貌

采用移动边界法计算低碳钢连铸板坯全冶金长度温度场,利用CAFE耦合模型模拟其凝固行为,考察过热度和拉坯速度对板坯宽面中心温度、横断面微观组织形貌及二次枝晶臂间距等影响,并计算二次枝晶臂间距与冷却速度关系及碳元素中心偏析。研究结果表明:过热度和拉坯速度降低均能使宽面中心温度和中心二次枝晶臂间距下降,而拉坯速度的影响更为显著;拉坯速度越高中心等轴晶率越高,晶粒半径越小,利于提高连铸板坯质量,过热度对中心等轴晶率及晶粒半径影响较小;二次枝晶臂间距在固液两相区生成并增大,二次枝晶臂间距与冷却速度之间呈指数关系;连铸板坯中心偏析区域呈岛状分布在中心线上,最大偏析指数为1.14,中心部位负压抽吸临近枝晶间富积溶质钢液导致中心线附近形成负偏析。     

多层喷射沉积制备耐热铝合金管坯热流分析(Ⅱ) --沉积过程热流分析

通过建立沉积阶段热流分析模型，对多层喷射沉积制备耐热铝合金管坯过程中喷射流沉积后的凝固和冷却进行了分析．喷射流沉积后与基体／沉积坯的传导热交换占热输出率的90％以上，在沉积过程中，沉积面的温度变化呈周期性的升降．计算结果表明，多层喷射沉积采用移动坩埚式扫描方式，延长了喷射流沉积时间间隔，喷射流沉积后可以获得10^3K／s以上的冷却速度。     

氩气雾化Rene''''95合金粉末颗粒二次枝晶间距的研究

本文利用光学显微镜定量金相法测量了氩气雾化Rene'95粉末高温合金粉末颗粒的平均二次枝晶间距,应用牛顿冷却定律得出粉末颗粒的冷却速度,并计算了粉末颗粒完全凝固所需要的时间。在此基础上推导出了Rene'95合金粉末颗粒的二次枝晶间距、颗粒直径以及冷却速度和凝固速度、凝固时间之间的关系。d=0.242D~(?),d=10.9V~(?),d=2.47(de/dt)~(-0.492),d=39.28t~(k0·145)。研究结果表明:氩气雾化Rene′95合金粉末颗粒凝固时,满足一般铸造合金时的关系式,即d=av~(?),d=bt~(?),n基本上在1/3～1/2之间。     

多层喷射沉积的装置和原理

为了解决铝合金厚壁管坯、厚板坯和大直径圆锭坯的制备技术问题 ,提出了多层喷射沉积的概念 ,发明了多层喷射沉积技术和一系列装置 ,采用该装置制备出了规格为 Φ外 80 0 mm/ Φ内 3 6 0 mm× 12 0 0 mm,重达10 0 0 kg的耐热铝合金 (80 0 9)管坯 ,Φ70 0 mm× 12 0 0 mm的 6 0 6 6 Al/ Si Cp的复合材料圆柱锭坯 ,管、锭坯冷速达 10 4K/ s,经挤压后性能优异 .研究了多层喷射沉积的过程原理 ,结果表明 ,在多层喷射沉积工艺中 ,金属液滴的沉积轨迹、粘结方式、凝固规律以及工艺特点与传统喷射沉积技术有明显区别 ,多层喷射沉积装置是一种制备大尺寸快速凝固近形坯件的理想装置 .     

FGH95与Rene''''95合金粉末热学凝固参数和微观组织

大量实验证明,铸态组织中二次枝晶臂距主要受冷却速度或凝固时间的影响。本文对FGH95和Rene'95氩气雾化的、不同粒度级的粉末颗粒测定了二次枝晶臂距,计算了冷却速度(?)、完成凝的固时间tf、凝固速度R及固—液界面前沿温度梯度G。结果表明:两种粉末粒度在-60—+320目范围内冷却速度为10~3-10~4℃/s,凝固时间为10~(-1)—10~(-2)s。随着粉末颗粒减小,冷却速度增加,G/R值增大,粉末颗粒的凝固从以树枝晶为主的方式逐渐转变成以胞状晶为主的方式,用G/R值来判断凝固组织中的碳化物形态不是唯一因素。     

大尺寸多层喷射沉积6066Al/SiC_p/Gr复合材料管坯的制备

采用多层喷射沉积技术与双喷嘴雾化系统制备了外径为 6 5 0mm ,内径为 30 0mm ,长为 80 0mm的大尺寸6 0 6 6Al/SiCp/Gr颗粒增强复合材料管坯 ,并成功挤压外径为 35 0mm ,内径为 2 5 0mm的管材 .在大尺寸管坯制备工艺中 ,喷射距离较短 ,金属液流率较大 ,以保证喷射流具有较高液相比例 ,与固相沉积坯表面结合良好 ,避免层间开裂 .与传统喷射沉积工艺相比 ,多层喷射沉积复合材料坯冷速较高 ,但致密度稍低 ,平均致密度约为 (88± 3) % .采用双环复合雾化器结构以粉包液的方式在雾化前加入增强颗粒 ,操作简单 ,影响工艺因素少 ,能实现增强颗粒的均匀连续加入 ,适用于大尺寸喷射沉积复合材料的连续制备 .分析了多层喷射沉积大型管坯制备工艺中有待解决的一些问题 ,为工业化制备大尺寸喷射沉积复合材料奠定了实验基础     

高碳钢小方坯的一次枝晶臂间距的影响因素

高碳钢小方坯显微凝固组织的研究表明:一次枝晶臂在凝固过程中不断粗化变短;碳含量高,容易形成长宽比小的一次枝晶,并且一次枝晶臂间距增宽,容易形成粗大的柱状晶组织;过热度高,易形成粗大的一次枝晶,一次枝晶臂间距增宽;拉速慢,容易形成细长的一次枝晶,一次枝晶臂间距减少;二次冷却水流量比增加,易形成细长的一次枝晶,一次枝晶臂间距降低.结晶器电磁搅拌可显著降低一次枝晶臂长宽比,并减小一次枝晶臂间距;搅拌电流增加,则一次枝晶臂间距减小效果更明显.     

连铸坯铸态组织的微孔隙率对凝固过程的指示作用

一、前言铸坯的铸态组织关系到轧后材的性能而为人们所关注,曾发表了不少关于连铸坯凝固组织特征的论文。为了控制工艺参数获得理想的组织,也发表了许多关于凝固组织与凝固条件之间的关系方面的论文,如树枝晶二次枝间距与二相区冷却速度的关系,树枝晶的断面形态与温度梯度和冷却速度之比的关系,柱状晶主轴倾角与凝固前沿熔体流动方向和     

多层喷射沉积耐热铝合金管坯热流分析(Ⅰ)--雾化过程热流分析

建立了多层喷射沉积制备管坯的雾化过程热流模型，并对耐热铝合金熔滴在雾化飞行过程中与雾化气流的动能和热能交换进行了计算和分析．计算结果表明：①小直径熔滴在飞行过程中的平均冷却速度较大，其凝固可以在较短时间内完成；②不同直径熔滴飞行过程中的平均冷却速度均随飞行距离的增加而减小；③在0～0．2m的雾化距离内，直径为10～220μm的耐热铝合金熔滴平均冷却速度可以达到10^4K／s以上．     

Cr17Mn6Ni4Cu2N奥氏体不锈钢连铸坯组织及凝固模式

采用AOD+LF精炼工艺冶炼,通过连铸工艺生产出Cr17Mn6Ni4Cu2N奥氏体不锈钢连铸坯,对其表面层和中心区域进行金相组织分析,并用电子探针分析组织中化学成分的变化.结果表明,连铸坯表面层上的组织均为在奥氏体基体上分布着不同形态的残余δ铁素体,由表及里δ铁素体的形态分别为骨架形,侧板条状和蠕虫状.根据组织形态确定出这种钢在连铸过程中的凝固模式为从液相中先析出δ铁素体,随后通过固相转变形成奥氏体.由连铸坯表面层铁素体的二次枝晶间距得到冷却速度,分析出冷却速度在5～20 ℃/s变化对凝固模式没有影响.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.