基于结构化局部约束低秩表示的人脸识别

针对传统的基于低秩表示的方法需要重新在字典矩阵上计算测试样本的表示系数,会导致计算复杂度升高,降低训练和测试样本表示系数之间的相关性等问题,提出了一种结构化局部约束低秩表示算法用于人脸识别的方法.在原始低秩表示中引入理想编码系数矩阵正则项,使训练样本的表示系数矩阵具有块对角结构;为保持数据的流形结构,引入局部约束项,使相似样本具有相似的表示系数;使用简单的线性分类器对测试样本进行分类.在AR,Extended Yale B,ORL和LFW这4个标准数据集上进行了试验结果验证.结果表明:该算法可以同时得到训练和测试样本的表示系数,对人脸图像中的遮挡、像素破坏和光照变化等具有鲁棒性.     

基于RPCA的群稀疏表示人脸识别方法

针对训练样本图像和测试样本图像均存在光照、污染、遮挡等情况下的人脸识别问题,提出一种基于鲁棒主成分分析的群稀疏表示人脸识别方法(group sparse representation face recognition method based on robust principal component analysis, GSR-RPCA)。该方法将人脸图像由空域变换到对数域,增强人脸图像的对比度,并通过结构非相关鲁棒主成分分析算法从训练样本图像矩阵D中分解出干净的低秩部分人脸图像矩阵A和误差图像矩阵E,以增强恢复数据的鉴别力;学习A与D之间的低秩映射关系矩阵P,并用P将存在遮挡的测试样本映射到其潜在的子空间下,得到干净的测试样本y;计算y在A上的群稀疏表示系数,并利用类关联重构残差对测试人脸进行识别,获得测试人脸的所属类别。在CMU PIE,Extended Yale B和AR数据库上的实验结果显示,提出方法具有较高的识别率和较强的鲁棒性。     

基于加权稀疏低秩组件编码的猪脸识别算法

针对养殖行业中动物很难适应耳标的问题,采用非入侵的识别方式进行猪脸识别,提出了基于加权稀疏低秩组件编码的猪脸识别算法.应用视网膜皮层理论与区域协方差滤波器来估计光照,并结合文中新算法提出自适应伽马校正方法对获取的反射分量进行增强,以减少光照对识别结果的影响;同时,采用训练样本中的低秩组件构建字典矩阵,并重构残差函数处理误差,以提升算法应对含有污垢图像的识别性能.在JDD2017猪脸数据集上进行了光照和面部污垢验证试验,分别统计其识别率与耗时情况.结果表明:文中所提出算法显著优于传统稀疏表示方法,具有容忍光照变化、污垢和训练耗时短的优点.     

隐式低秩表示联合稀疏表示的人脸识别方法

针对人脸识别中存在的遮挡、阴影、反光等不同程度的数据破坏以及训练样本不充足导致识别率低的问题,提出一种基于隐式低秩表示联合稀疏表示(LatLRR_SRC,Latent Low-Rank Representation Sparse Representation Classification)的人脸识别方法.该方法首先采用隐式低秩表示(LatLRR,Latent Low-Rank Representation)算法将训练样本矩阵分解为两个低秩逼近矩阵和一个稀疏误差矩阵.然后将低秩逼近矩阵和稀疏误差矩阵联合构成完备字典,并用K-SVD算法对字典进行学习,得到测试样本在学习后字典下的稀疏表示.最后对测试样本利用上述隐式低秩表示分解的三部分的稀疏逼近计算残差,完成测试样本的分类识别.在Extend YaleB和CMU PIE人脸数据上的实验结果表明,基于LatLRR_SRC的人脸识别方法具有较高的识别率和稳定性.     

低秩鲁棒性主成分分析的遮挡人脸识别

为了提高遮挡人脸的识别效果,提出了低秩鲁棒性主成分分析的遮挡人脸识别算法。首先采集人脸图像,并进行相应的预处理,然后采用鲁棒性主成分分析对人脸样本进行分解,并建立人脸图像训练样本和测试样本的低秩矩阵和误差矩阵,最后根据误差矩阵对人脸识别进行加权和识别,并采用经典人脸数据库进行仿真实验,结果表明,低秩鲁棒性主成分分析的遮挡人脸识别率得到显著提高,降低了遮挡人脸的误识率,具有更优的鲁棒性。     

基于低秩矩阵分解和稀疏表达的人脸识别方法

为了提高稀疏表达在人脸识别过程中的精度,对采集到的人脸图像进行低秩矩阵分解,得到低秩矩阵和稀疏矩阵.通过去除稀疏矩阵,得要一个高度相关性的低秩矩阵样本,对样本稀疏表达后进行人脸识别.与传统的基于稀疏表达的人脸识别方法相比,该方法在识别精度上得到一定程度的提高,并在Yale和ORL人脸数据库的实验验证中取得了较好的识别效果.     

基于低秩约束和字典学习的图像超分辨率重建

基于学习的超分辨率重建算法通过对图像的整体信息学习进行重建,没有对图像的内部结构信息特征进行分解考虑.基于图像的低秩稀疏分解理论,本文提出一种新的图像超分辨率重建算法.在研究图像矩阵的低秩部分与稀疏部分信息特征的基础上,结合图像自身蕴含的先验信息,本文分两步对图像恢复重建.首先,将图像的非局部自相似性先验信息引入图像的基本重建模型.在该模型下利用相似图像块矩阵的天然低秩性约束得到初始估计高分辨率图像.第二步,提出一种改进的字典学习算法恢复出初始估计高分辨率图像中缺失的高频成份信息,获得最终的高分辨率图像.为了使高频成份得到更好的恢复,在字典学习样本集的构建阶段应用了一种基于低秩稀疏分解理论的样本集构建方法.实验分析表明,本文提出的算法与现有主流算法相比,在主观视觉效果和客观性能分析上都能显示出更好的优越性.     

融合低秩和稀疏表示的图像超分辨率重建算法

针对现有图像超分辨率重建算法收敛速度慢、易受噪声影响的问题,结合低秩矩阵恢复与稀疏重建理论,提出了一种新的单幅图像超分辨率重建算法。对于待重建的退化图像,首先进行低秩恢复,得到含有原始图像大部分信息的低秩部分和主要由噪声组成的稀疏部分,然后对低秩部分利用学习的高低分辨率字典对进行稀疏重建。实验结果表明:本文算法对噪声鲁棒,运行速度快,图像视觉效果更佳;相比基于稀疏表示的统计预测模型(SPBSR),本文算法的峰值信噪比指标平均提高了4dB。     

基于L0矩阵范数正则化的自然图像去反光算法

去除图像的反光是计算机视觉和计算机图形学的一个基础研究问题。虽然各种方法已经提出,但由于存在丰富的纹理、复杂的背景、遮挡和颜色照明等,去反光的效果并不佳,有待进一步完善。本文针对自然图像的两个观察结果：(1)高光通常是小尺寸和稀疏分布的;(2)剩余的漫反射图像可以用少量基色与稀疏和低秩加权矩阵的线性组合表示,提出一种基于L0范数正则化图像去反光算法。通过L0范数正则化保证编码系数的稀疏性以及核范数保证编码系数的低秩性来恢复那些高光区域的漫反射分量。此外,根据加色混合理论和光照定义,编码系数和高光也分别受到非负性影响。通过对比相关的图像反光去除算法,实验说明了所提出的算法具有较好的优势。     

基于稀疏表达的人脸遮挡物去除

人脸识别技术是目前最具发展潜力的生物特征识别技术之一。眼镜、围巾等遮挡物的存在对人脸识别系统的识别率影响很大,为了提高有遮挡的正面人脸图像的识别率,文章提出了基于稀疏表达分类的去除遮挡的方法。该方法对于有遮挡的人脸图像先求出其在无遮挡人脸图像训练集上的稀疏系数,再根据求得的稀疏系数进行恢复重建,得到去遮挡的人脸图像。实验表明该方法能有效地去除遮挡和提高识别率。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with