试论道德法律化

道德和法律的关系问题是法理学中永恒的话题。近几年，许多学者都论述了道德法律化的相关问题。道德法律化就是一定的道德观念或道德规范转化为法律规范的事实和过程。本文通过对道德法律化的概念及表现形式；道德法律化的必要性在于道德功能的局限；道德法律化的可能性在于道德与法律的共性；道德法律化的现实性在于人类社会的需要的分析来揭示了道德法律化问题。     

立法视域中的道德法律化

基于立法的角度研究道德法律化、探讨立法与道德法律化之间的关联性具有深化法律伦理学研究和有效解释立法争议、指导立法实践的双重价值。道德法律化的过程与立法的过程是同构的,在生成逻辑上是一致的,道德法律化是一条重要的立法渠道;道德法律化通过良法的实现来表现着立法的合伦理性,道德法律化的合理性决定着立法的合伦理性;道德法律化的限度决定着立法的范围进而影响着立法的实效性。     

论道德法律化的合理性及限度——以“常回家看看”入法为视角

道德和法律在调整范围和价值追求等方面有一定的重叠。在我国现阶段道德滑坡、约束能力不断弱化的背景下,提高公民道德水平,重塑社会道德体系便显得尤为迫切和重要。道德法律化作为其中一个有效途径,有其必要性和可行性。修订后的《老年人权益保障法》中"常回家看看"入法便是道德法律化的一个例证。然而无论道德或是法律的调整作用都不是万能的,道德法律化也有其局限性,"常回家看看"入法也存在一定的操作困境;需要在此基础上,界定道德法律化的合理限度,并对提高"常回家看看"法律的可操作性和执行性提出合理化的规制措施。     

道德泛法律化的探析

道德可以转化为法律,但并不是所有的道德都可以转化为法律,道德转化为法律应该有个度的限制。提倡将所有的道德通过立法转化为法律,提倡本来可以由道德约束的事情转变为法律的强制,以法律方式解决任何社会纠纷,这就是道德的泛法律化。道德的泛法律化有其原因及负面效应。     

道德和法律的契合——社会主义市场经济的价值内涵

本文拟从社会主义市场经济道德的法律化和社会主义市场经济法律的道德化两个方面展开对我国社会主义市场经济体系的价值分析，道德和法律是推动我国社会主义市场经济体系建构和发展的不可分割的整体，道德和法律的契合是社会主义市场经济的题中之义。     

论道德法律化的合理性

本文从理论和实践、现实和历史等四个方面论述了道德法律化的合理性。文章最后指出道德法律化本身有一个限度问题 ,且它与法律的道德化并不矛盾     

当代道德法律化趋势的若干误区及其检讨

道德法律化是中国法治进程中所表现出来的一种趋势，本针对当前理论与实务界出现的一些误区，着重对道德的法律强制论，立法价值导向和司法实践中的道德评价等问题予以较深刻的反思与检讨，并提出了相关对策性的建议。     

法律与道德体认关系的社会实证分析

法律是显露的道德,道德是隐形的法律,法律与道德在社会关系中密切关联。没有道德品性的法律是没有人性的法律,会丧失人们对它的信守;没有法律支持的道德是苍白的道德,在市场经济发展中会导致伦理道德的滑坡;法律规则中蕴涵着道德的价值,法律无可直涉的领域需要道德补足;道德作为一种社会规范资源,对社会调整作用的发挥需要借助法律强制力给予维护和支持,有些道德需要法律化;法律的道德价值与道德的经济价值助成一个法治政府坚守正义、坚持公平公正公信的良知,它承负着社会主义公共道德建设的基本职责;在法制中认可、吸纳或盈储一些社会主义公共道德规范,即依循道德的法制逻辑是法治政府加强制度文明建设的基本趋向。     

试论道德的法律化

将适当的道德法律化有利于社会主义精神文明建设.现阶段推进道德法律化应当在立法环节中弘扬社会主义法的时代精神,加大道德法律化的立法和执法的力度,强化道德法律化执法监督机制.     

社会道德向个体道德发展探析

道德作为调节人们行为的非法律规范,它的发展应适应人的需要;在价值主体日益多元化的今天,构建合乎人发展需要的“适然”道德应当是以“底线道德”为标准的“从事实际活动的人”的道德。而解决这一问题的关键在于社会道德向个体道德发展。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.