模拟圆筒炉加装多孔介质的实验研究

在模拟圆筒炉中进行了加装多孔介质和不加装多孔介质的对比实验,结果表明,多孔介质的对流-辐射能量转换效应强化了炉内的幅射传热,明显地提高了多孔介质上游侧的气体温度和降低了多孔介质下游侧的气体温度。     

多孔陶瓷材料中的预混火焰

本文实验研究了在一种专门设计的具有多孔惰性介质燃烧器中预混火焰的燃烧特性.初步结果已经表明,在多孔介质中,热辐射对其火焰结构和燃烧速度有较大影响.燃烧速率比无惰性介质时提高了若干倍,最大火焰温度比普通的绝热预混火焰温度也高许多,火焰稳定性亦明显增强.     

蓄热式火焰炉的热工特性

建立了火焰炉数学模型,根据模型分析了炉子结构参数一定时操作参数变化对生产指标的影响,得出蓄热式炉和换热式炉的Q-P方程和b-P方程,并进行了比较·结果表明,在正常生产条件下,随着蓄热式炉生产率增加,炉子热负荷逐渐增加,呈线性关系;单位能耗下降很慢,呈线性关系;废气温度和热效率近似不变,呈线性关系·换热式炉热负荷和废气温度逐渐增加,单位能耗先降后升,热效率先升后降,炉子有经济工作点·与换热式炉相比,蓄热式炉工作的范围较大,能较好适应产量变化大的生产需求·     

多孔介质内泡沫稳定性定量评价实验

为了克服常规泡沫稳定性评价方法难以模拟高温高压多孔介质环境的不足,基于激光探测技术,根据激光透过不同衰变阶段泡沫时的透射性能差异,首次提出了一种高温高压条件下定量评价多孔介质内泡沫稳定性的实验方法。此外,为验证激光法评价结果的准确性,同时开展了泡沫粒径微观可视化实验,研究了压力、温度、多孔介质对泡沫稳定性的影响及其机理。研究发现,相同条件下,较无多孔介质,泡沫在多孔介质中的稳定性更好,且在高压条件下,多孔介质更有利于稳泡。原因是压力升高,孔隙受压缩其水力半径减小,空气与表活剂疏水链的分子间作用力增强,二者均会导致泡沫粒径减小,稳定性增强;升高同样温度,多孔介质中泡沫稳定性下降的幅度更大。是由于多孔介质中的固态颗粒导热系数比纯泡沫更高,单位时间内辐射出的热量更多,加剧了气泡膨胀及液膜排液,使泡沫粒径增大,稳定性降低。     

预混合燃烧系统中多孔介质作用数值研究

根据气固两相局部非热平衡假设,建立了混合气在惰性多孔介质中预混合燃烧的一维数学模型,研究了不同情况下甲烷-空气的预混合气在多孔介质中燃烧时的温度分布和燃烧速率,并与自由空间中相应的值进行比较．结果表明,多孔介质的存在可以扩展混合气的燃烧极限,明显改善了燃烧室的换热性能,强化了对新鲜混合气的预热,降低了热量损失;在多孔介质中混合气的燃烧温度和燃烧室的温度明显升高,反应区厚度和燃烧速率显著增大．数值结果与其他研究者的实验结果是一致的．     

茂名页岩沸腾炉物料平衡和热平衡核算

利用茂名油页岩沸腾燃烧产汽发电装置现场操作数据和装置设计数据，对沸腾炉进行物料平衡和热平衡核算。结果表明，茂名页岩沸腾炉热效率偏低，其值为７３．８６％，减少页岩进炉前的含水量、减小页岩进料粒径、提高炉子的操作温度可以提高炉子热效率。     

总括热吸收率的补偿辨识

总括热吸收率(CF)是连续加热炉L2级控制系统的重要参数.它既受炉子结构参数的影响，也受操作参数的影响，研究其补偿辨识尤为重要.提出基于炉温的一段式三元模型.取三元模型的任意一个模型段，以炉温和钢坯表面温度为输入条件，建立热电偶模型，并耦合求解热电偶及炉墙能量平衡方程，最终得到钢坯表面热流，进而对CF进行反向分析.分别考察了温度、钢坯规格及钢坯表面温度变化对CF的影响.结果表明，当炉温恒定时，CF随钢温的升高而减小，当钢温接近炉温时，CF变化率的绝对值迅速增大;而当钢温恒定时，CF随炉温的升高而增大.另外，CF随钢坯长度和宽度的增加而增大，随钢坯表面黑度的增加而增加.     

新型台车式燃煤热处理炉的设计

为了解决传统热处理炉炉温不均、热效率低等不足，从保温侧墙的设计入手，改变热气流的流向，更新结构，使新型炉对工件的加热时间、炉温、热效率、每吨工件耗煤等多项指标都有了明显提高。     

基于多孔介质燃烧的发动机理论热力循环分析

针对多孔介质发动机,建立了热力学理论模型,引入等温膨胀比,对经典的闭式和开式多孔介质发动机的热力循环过程进行分析,推导出多孔介质发动机热效率、循环功的计算公式,并采用压缩比系数建立了闭式和开式多孔介质发动机热力循环的关系.通过模拟计算,研究了传统发动机和闭式多孔介质发动机两种类型6种循环的理论热力过程,探讨其热效率、循环功随不同参数的变化及其与各参数之间的关系.分析发现,在理论热力循环中,闭式多孔介质发动机比传统发动机在循环功上有着较大优势,认为高速柴油机循环更适合采用多孔介质技术实现高效燃烧和超低排放.     

浊盐水自由沉降与太阳池降浊增效实验研究

通过实验室内浊盐水自由沉降实验分析不同盐度、工质及温度下的浊度变化规律,提出采用多孔介质吸附剂进行物理降浊的方法,讨论了4种多孔介质材料的降浊效果;建立2个表面积为2.4m×2.4m、深1.2m的小型盐水太阳池,进行了添加多孔介质的浊度对比实验;通过对实验数据的非线性拟合构建了太阳辐射透射率混合回归模型.结果表明:盐水浊度去除率比卤水高10%左右;盐度从0.2%增至20%时,盐水浊度去除率降低了8%;加入不同多孔介质后,灰尘颗粒自由沉降速度加快,浊度去除率可升高3%~13%;在太阳池内添加多孔介质可有效降低池水浊度,增加池内的太阳辐射透射率.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.