L-脯氨酸的消旋及不对称转化法合成D-脯氨酸

研究了孔脯氨酸在不同溶剂、温度、反应时间下的消旋化，在此基础上运用不对称转换的方法，以S-酒石酸作拆分剂，合成D-脯氨酸，总收率达92．38％．     

乳状液膜手性萃取分离氧氟沙星外消旋体

研究在含有Cu^2＋和N-n-十二烷基-L-脯氨酸手性配体的乳状液膜体系中手性萃取分离氧氟沙星对映体的效果，以及外消旋体的初始浓度、表面活性剂与有机溶剂的体积配比、内外水相pH值、从外水相到内水相pH值梯度变化以及配位金属离子与体系温度对液膜手性分离性能的影响。研究结果表明，乳状液膜手性分离最适宜的条件是：操作温度为20℃，Cu^2＋为配位金属离子，Span-80和煤油体积比为11：89，OFLX外消旋体初始浓度为1．0mmol／L，内水相pH值为5．8，外水相pH值为3．0。     

L-组氨酸的消旋研究及不对称转化法合成D-组氨酸

L-组氨酸在醛的催化下,可在羧酸溶剂中发生消旋.L-组氨酸在乙酸溶剂中消旋最快,其合适的催化剂应是水杨醛;L-组氨酸以(R)-酒石酸为拆分试剂,在乙酸溶剂中,在水杨醛存在时进行不对称转换,合成了D-组氨酸的酒石酸盐,经处理得到D-组氨酸.在最佳反应条件下,总收率达94.85%,光学纯度>99.5%.     

Pd/C的制备条件对丙二烯磷酸选择加氢催化性能的影响

利用浸渍法制备Pd／C催化剂，通过正交试验确定了催化剂的最佳制备条件：浸渍吸附温度313K，吸附时间6．0h，还原剂量10倍于理论用量，还原温度353K，还原介质pH值为8．0，还原时间2．0h．所得催化剂在温度328K、压力0．3MPa、反应时间2．0h的情况下，丙二烯磷酸转化为丙烯磷酸的转化率为52．58％，工业用Pd／C催化剂在同样的反应条件下测得转化率为48．96％．通过正交试验制备的最佳催化剂表现出较好的催化活性，并对催化剂进行了XRD、H2-TPR和比表面测定，初步解释了催化剂活性与结构之间的关系．     

相转移催化合成香豆素的研究

考察了相转移催化剂在合成香豆素的Perkin反应中的应用。对反应机理进行了剖析 ,探讨了催化剂用量、温度等因素对反应产率的影响 ,得出最佳反应条件为水杨醛∶乙酐∶氟化钾∶聚乙二醇 =1∶3.0∶0 .8∶0 .0 3,反应温度 1 6 0℃ ,反应时间 5h ,在该条件下 ,香豆素的产率可达 86 .6 %。图 3,表 1 ,参 6。     

一种新型模拟酶类手性相转移催化剂中间体的合成

以L-脯氨酸和均苯三甲酸为原料，经过对氨基酸的羧基保护，均苯三甲酸的酰化，再与去保护的L-脯氨酸甲酯反应，得到一种新型手性催化剂的中间体，其结构经过IR、MS和^1HNMR确定，考察了溶剂、温度等因素对反应关键步骤的影响，并提高了反应收率．     

酶催化合成丁酸丁酯

以酶为催化剂，正丁醇与王丁酸一步反应可合成丁酸丁酯，本实验考察了不同类型的酶催化剂和普通催化剂、酶催化剂用量、醇酸摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间等因素对合成酯收率的影响．优化的反应条件：醇酸摩尔比为1．3：1．0，酶催化剂用量比为4．0％，反应时间为30min，反应温度为25—35℃，酯产率可达94．1％．     

钼肥对冬小麦脯氨酸及抗坏血酸含量的影响

采用分散播种的方法研究了钼对冬小麦叶片中脯氨酸及抗坏血酸含量的影响,结果表明：施钼能提高冬小麦各生育期叶片中脯氨酸含量,脯氨酸上升的幅度因温度而异,在取样温度较低的情况下（0．9℃,2．8℃,3．5℃,5．3℃）,脯氨酸上幅度大,在取样温度较高的情况下（8．0℃）,脯氨酸上升幅度较小;施钼提高了冬小麦叶片抗坏血酸含量,在取样温度较低（2．8℃、3．5℃、0．9℃、5．3℃）时,抗坏血酸含量上升幅度大,在取样温度较高（6．5℃、8．0℃）时,上升温度小,施钼植株脯氨酸含量的积累和抗坏血酸含量的增加代表着植株体内自由基清除能力的增强,这可能是在低温下施钼冬小麦植株抗寒力提高的原因之一。     

合成水杨醛方法的改进

采用Reimer-Tiemman合成法,首次使用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为相转移催化剂,以苯酚和三氯甲烷为初始原料,制备水杨醛,通过高分辨质谱、傅里叶红外、核磁共振光谱等测试仪器进行表征得以确认.考察了氢氧化钠用量、相转移催化剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵用量、反应温度、反应时间等因素对水杨醛产率的影响,优化条件之后水杨醛最佳产率为60.5%.此工艺路线具有合成方法简便、反应条件温和、产品质量稳定、产品收率较高等优点,可以进行工业放大.     

Cs2．5H0．5PWl2O40／SiO2固体酸催化剂上乙酸与烯烃的酯化和叔戊烯与甲醇的醚化

以硅胶为载体，制备了负载型的Cs2．5H0．5PWl2O40催化剂，将该催化剂用于乙酸与1—丁烯的酯化反应和叔戊烯与甲酵的醚化反应，考察了其活性组分负载量、载体硅胶性质和焙烧温度对催化剂性能的影响．研究了催化剂用量、反应温度、反应压力、n(1—丁烯)／n(乙酸)、反应时间等反应条件对酯化反应中乙酸转化率的影响．与其他类型催化剂的醚化活性进行了对比，并进行了Cs2．5H0．5PWl2O40／SiO2催化剂的醚化稳定性实验．结果表明，以低钠硅胶为载体，在活性组分负载量为40％，焙烧温度为300—400℃时制备的Cs2．5H0．5PWl2O40／SiO2催化剂具有较高的催化活性．随着负载量增大，催化剂孔径、孔容和比表面积减小，而催化活性先增加后减小．在反应温度120℃、压力1．5MPa、n(1—丁烯)／n(乙酸)比3．0、催化剂用量4％、反应时间7h的条件下进行酯化反应，乙酸的转化率为87．36％．在反应温度80℃、压力1．0MPa、n(甲酵)／n(叔戊烯)比1．1、LHSV为1h^-1的条件下进行醚化反应，叔戊烯的转化率为68．57％．制备的新型Cs2．5H0．5PWl2O40／SiO2催化剂对于乙酸与1—丁烯的直接酯化反应和叔戊烯与甲酵的醚化反应具有良好的活性与选择性，催化剂寿命长．因此，Cs2．5H0．5PWl2O40／SiO2是一种理想的乙酸与烯烃直接酯化和叔戊烯与甲酵醚化反应的催化剂．     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to