复配型水性环氧乳化沥青微表处耐久性

为解决沥青路面微表处早期病害多发问题,使用水性环氧树脂(waterborne epoxy resin,WER)配合丁苯橡胶(styrene butadiene rubber,SBR)对乳化沥青进行复合改性,制备复合改性水性环氧乳化沥青微表处,通过三大指标及黏附性能验证沥青改性效果。以混合料的水稳定性、耐磨耗性及抗滑性作为评价标准,分别采用长期浸水湿轮磨耗试验、多次冻融循环湿轮磨耗试验和四轮加速磨耗试验,对不同水性环氧树脂掺量下的微表处混合料的耐久性进行评价,同时与不掺加水性环氧树脂的SBR改性乳化沥青微表处进行对比。研究结果表明:在复合改性作用下,乳化沥青的高低温性能及黏附性能均得到较大提升,微表处混合料相较普通的SBR改性乳化沥青微表处表现出更为优异的耐久性能,其湿轮磨耗值(wet track abrasion test,WTAT)在长时间浸水与多次冻融循环的条件下不会出现大幅度增长,具有较好的水稳定性能;在15 000次加速磨耗过程中的耐磨耗性能可以维持在较高的水平,且抗滑性能衰减速率较SBR微表处有所下降;水性环氧树脂掺量(质量分数,下同)逐渐增加至8%的过程中,微表处的耐久性可以持续提升,即各项性能在试验过程中的衰减速率逐渐放缓,在超过8%的掺量之后,对微表处的耐久性提升不再明显,所以建议较为经济的水性环氧树脂掺量不宜超过8%。     

水性环氧树脂微表处的层间抗剪性能

为改善路面加铺微表处薄层罩面后新旧路面间的层间抗剪性能,采用水性环氧树脂(WER)对微表处进行改性。依据直剪试验,研究环氧树脂掺量、油石比、黏层油种类及用量、旧路面类型及水分对环氧树脂微表处层间抗剪性能的影响。结果表明,在微表处中加入水性环氧树脂能改善混合料的抗剪性能;与丁苯橡胶(SBR)改性乳化沥青相比,水性环氧改性乳化沥青高温及黏结性能更好,作为黏结材料对于提高路面层间抗剪性能更有优势;当微表处掺15%水性环氧树脂,油石比为7.7%,黏层油选用水性环氧乳化沥青且用量为0.6 kg/m2 时,结构层层间抗剪性能较好;在沥青混合料与水泥混凝土两种界面上,微表处与沥青混合料的层间抗剪性能更好。     

掺加抗剥落剂沥青混合料的路用性能研究

对未掺加抗剥落剂、掺加消石灰和掺加某液体抗剥落剂的沥青混合料,分别进行了浸水马歇尔试验、冻融劈裂试验、动稳定度试验和低温弯曲试验,分析其水稳定性能、高温性能和低温性能。试验结果表明：掺加消石灰沥青混合料的路用性能优于未掺加抗剥落剂和掺加某液体抗剥落剂的沥青混合料,说明掺加消石灰是提高和改善沥青混合料水稳定性能的最佳措施。     

基于加速加载试验的微表处长期路用性能

现有微表处技术指南中评价微表处路用性能的试验方法与实际情况差异较大,影响了微表处技术的应用与发展.以轮胎驱动式路面功能加速加载试验系统为基础试验平台,通过室内加速加载试验研究集料级配、填料类型与用量和聚丙烯纤维用量等对微表处混合料抗滑性能和耐磨耗性能的影响.试验研究结果表明:粗级配微表处的抗滑性能相对较好,然而耐磨耗性能相对细级配微表处要差;适当增加水泥或添加矿粉都可以较大地提高微表处的耐磨耗性能;掺入适当比例的聚丙烯纤维可以显著提高微表处的抗滑性能和耐磨耗性能.研究结果同时表明了轮胎驱动式路面功能加速加载试验系统可真实模拟轮胎与路面间的相互作用,快速和定量评价路面的表面功能.     

复合改性乳化沥青的制备及其微表处混合料路用性能

为解决普通乳化沥青在微表处混合料中存在的路用性能不足的问题,采用先乳化后改性的工艺制备高性能改性乳化沥青.利用延度与软化点指标确定改性剂添加方法及改性剂掺配比例,并以其作为微表处混合料的胶结料.通过湿轮磨耗试验(WTAT)验证其抗水损与耐磨耗性能,通过劈裂试验与高温车辙试验验证其抗裂与抗剪性能.结果表明,复合改性乳化沥青的软化点和延度均明显优于普通乳化沥青,当掺配比例为3.5%SBR与2.5%环氧时,延度和软化点可分别达到400 mm和70 ℃以上.混合料性能试验表明,采用改性乳化沥青制成的微表处混合料与普通微表处混合料相比,在抗水损/耐磨耗、抗裂及抗剪等方面具有显著的优势.     

水位对沥青混合料水稳定性的影响

沥青路面的水损坏是路面早期破坏现象之一,它的出现严重地影响了沥青路面的耐久性和使用寿命。通过室内模拟试验来研究水位对沥青混合料水稳定性的影响,同时对掺加熟石灰抗剥离剂的改善效果加以评价。试验结果表明,水位、沥青混合料试件的厚度以及加载时间对沥青混合料的水稳定性有着显著的影响,沥青混合料掺加熟石灰后其抗水害性得到明显提高。     

抗剥落剂对泡沫沥青冷再生混合料水稳定性能改善研究

由于泡沫沥青冷再生路面水稳定性能较差,掺加抗剥落剂可以有效改善普通沥青路面的抗水损能力,针对此问题探究向泡沫沥青冷再生混合料中掺加抗剥落剂来提高其水稳定性能的可行性。以一种非胺类抗剥落剂为研究对象,对不同抗剥落剂掺量下的沥青进行发泡试验和3大指标试验,对泡沫沥青冷再生混合料进行相关水稳定性试验。结果表明：抗剥落剂的最佳掺量为沥青质量的0.5%,掺加抗剥落剂后,在标准试验条件下,沥青的针入度增大,延度和软化点降低,泡沫沥青冷再生混合料的水稳定性能明显提高,空隙率减小了3%,浸水残留稳定度比和5次冻融循环后的强度比均提高10%以上。     

乳化沥青微表处混合料耐久性研究

为了分析乳化沥青微表处混合料耐久性影响因素,采用湿轮磨耗试验分析了乳化沥青含量、水泥用量与含水率对不同配比混合料磨耗性能的影响作用,并对影响因素显著性进行了方差分析.确定了混合料耐久性随各影响因素的变化规律.基于磨耗性能提出了乳化沥青微表处混合料的最佳沥青用量、水泥用量及含水率.结果表明,在试验选用的配比条件下,沥青含量为6.5％、水泥用量为1.5％、含水率为9％时,微表处混合料抗磨耗性能最优.     

基于橡胶粉降噪微表处路用性能研究的配合比优化

通过分析橡胶粉降噪微表处减振降噪机理,基于正交试验对橡胶粉降噪微表处路用性能影响因素进行研究,对橡胶粉降噪微表处的配合比进行优化。研究表明:微表处路面添加橡胶粉后可以通过增加阻尼的方式来减弱轮胎在路面上的振动,而且混合料表面形成多孔吸声结构来降低噪声,同时起到减振降噪的作用;改性乳化沥青配合比、橡胶粉掺量以及橡胶粉粒径均会不同程度地影响橡胶粉降噪微表处的抗车辙性能、抗水损性能以及降噪性能;根据各因素对各技术指标的贡献顺序对橡胶粉降噪微表处进行了配合比的优化:级配为①类型均匀级配,其中,改性乳化沥青用量为11.5%,外加水量为3%,水性环氧树脂掺量为10%,另外,橡胶粉的细度选择0.250 mm,掺量为3%。     

纳米TiO_2环氧树脂微表处光催化分解尾气型路面材料

在环氧薄层混合料的基础上,以微表处(MS-2型)为设计配合比,结合光催化剂纳米TiO_2的光催化降解尾气技术,研究制备新型降解尾气路面材料,即环氧树脂微表处混合料;并对混合料的降解尾气性能和低温性能、抗水损能力及抗滑性能进行研究分析。试验表明:纳米TiO_2的掺加,不会对混合料的路用性能产生不利影响;并且TiO_2掺量50%下的混合料具备较好的降解尾气性能和经济效益。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to