柔性基层沥青路面车辙预测模型试验分析

介绍了沥青路面车辙预测模型，该模型通过落锤式弯沉仪（FWD）弯沉盆反算路面不同层位的模量．采用Kenlayer程序计算各层表面的弯沉和应力，以及各层的永久变形参数，得到了不同荷载作用次数下的预测车辙，并利用足尺加速加载试验来分析该模型和车辙的形成规律．结果表明预测模型能较好地反映加载过程中车辙的形成和车辙的大小．     

沥青混合料在重复荷载作用下的黏弹性变形

为了研究沥青混合料在不同温度、不同应力下黏弹性变形响应,提出了基于三轴重复荷载试验评价沥青混合料抗车辙能力的方法,并对沥青路面车辙发展规律进行了分析。采用半正弦波荷载来模拟路面实际车辆荷载,基于黏弹性五单元八参数模型,推导了能够适用于三轴重复荷载试验的力学模型。结合三轴重复荷载试验的试验结果,利用Origin 8.5软件,对三轴重复荷载试验数据进行拟合,得到了相应的黏弹性参数。对比计算流动数和实测流动数,分析沥青混合料黏弹性变形特性。研究结果表明,温度越高、应力越大,混合料黏弹性变形越大,流变性越小;重复荷载作用下沥青混合料永久变形黏弹性力学模型参数拟合相关系数达到95%以上,表明该模型可以有效地反映沥青混合料黏弹性变形特性。     

基于COMSOL的沥青混凝土路面车辙预估

模拟了基质沥青路面和高模量沥青路面在高温温度场下的蠕变,借助有限元软件(COMSOL)引入温度场和受温度诱导的蠕变模型,对基质沥青混凝土路面和HMAC(高模量沥青混凝土)路面进行热辐射和固体力学耦合作用,分析对比其在车辆荷载作用下的永久变形,研究外界环境温度、太阳辐射和车轮荷载等因素对路面车辙变形发展的影响,能够对路面车辙深度进行精确地预估,研究分析车辙产生的蠕变变形,针对路面车辙提出合理的防治措施,减小路面永久变形,为路面的材料选择和结构优化提供参考价值,延长沥青路面使用寿命.     

GA+EA钢桥面铺装复合结构的高温性能与力学特性

研究钢桥面浇注式沥青混凝土与环氧沥青混凝土(GA+EA)复合铺装结构在荷载和温度耦合下的高温性能及力学特性。分析GA层的高温流变参数,采用多尺度与子模型有限元技术建立分析最不利温度下复合铺装层结构的压应力、剪应力分布状态,并预估连续变温条件下复合结构的车辙深度及蠕变应变随时间变化情况。研究结果表明:EA层扩散了荷载中心GA层压应力,但其底受剪应力较大。双轮中央处GA层由于荷载叠加作用处于不利状态,其层底压应力达0.85 MPa。最不利连续变温条件下,EA层变形量较小,GA层占铺装结构永久变形90%以上,但总体车辙深度仅为0.32 mm。铺装结构永久变形主要产生于夏季10:00-16:00高温时段。GA+EA结构较好地利用了各自材料的优点,具有良好的高温抗永久变形性能。     

两种有限变形力学理论的分析

为研究经典有限变形理论与和分解有限变形理论在非线性大变形力学分析中的区别与联系,在应力、应变定义的基础上,以大变形典型算例之一的有限转动与伸长为例,分别推导出该算例在这两种力学理论计算下的应力应变结果。计算结果表明：经典变形理论得出的形变张量不是唯一的;经典有限变形力学理论计算下的应力应变值要远大于和分解有限变形力学理论计算下的应力应变值。     

轴向初始应力对血管壁的应力和变形影响理论分析

本文根据血管力学及生理特点，提出具有初始应力、有限变形的血管力学模型。利用增量变形理论对其进行分析，给出了在脉动的血液压力作用下，具有初始应力的血管壁上的应力和变形公式。理论结果与实验相比较。理论说明了初始应力是位移波存在的原因。     

基于侧向位移法的沥青层流动性车辙分析

为分析高速公路严重车辙路段流动性车辙形成的原因,建立了沥青路面3维有限元模型,提出以沥青层的侧向(横向)位移发展趋势分析法代替传统的竖向位移分析方法.分析结果表明,基于沥青层横向位移发展趋势的车辙变形评价方法能够简单清楚地解释沥青路面流动性车辙形成的方式和原因,指出当沥青上中面层结构组合不协调时,沥青上面层极易出现侧向流动失稳变形.     

沥青混合料剪胀力学行为研究综述

为了分析沥青混合料剪胀力学行为,阐述了沥青混合料剪胀行为,回顾了剪胀相关试验及剪胀模型的现状和问题,并对其研究方向进行了展望。研究结果表明:沥青混合料剪胀行为在车辙产生中起着关键作用;采用X-ray CT技术、离散元方法等对颗粒空间分布、大小、接触方式、破碎等进行定性及定量地分析沥青混合料变形机理和力学特性;通过建立微观力学模型,联系宏观力学变量与微观力学变量,使得微观测试、力学试验和数值模拟连为一体,预测沥青混合料剪胀行为,可为抗车辙沥青路面设计提供指导,开拓沥青混合料设计新思路。     

用车辙系数评价沥青混合料的抗车辙性能

提出了车辙系数（WRI）指标这一概念,综合考虑了行车速率、累积变形量和最大永久变形量等因素对压实沥青混合料高温性能的影响,对不同时间车辙发生的程度进行了对比、分析．结果表明：动稳定度指标缺乏对全过程的累积变形量和最大永久变形量的考虑,在评价沥青混合料的高温性能时存在较大的局限性,车辙系数指标能较好体现工程实际中车辙的形成规律,有效避免高温性能差别明显而动稳定度基本一致的不合理情况,提高了对沥青混合料高温性能评价的区分率．     

冻土蠕变过程的损伤力学模型

参考在金属蠕变过程研究中所发展的损伤力学模型,建立了一般应力状态下,微裂隙的形成和发展影响冻土蠕变过程力学行为的损伤力学模型,从该模型得到了冻土破坏时间依赖于应力的具体函数关系.计算结果与实测数据的对比表明,该模型准确地反映了冻土蠕变过程中变形随时间发展的趋势,对破坏时间的预测也基本与实测结果一致.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…