北仑河口国家级自然保护区两栖爬行动物调查

2011年10月和2012年4—5月,对北仑河口国家级自然保护区进行两栖爬行动物调查:保护区内共有两栖动物1目4科14种,爬行动物2目7科18种。两栖爬行动物分布型主要以东洋型为主,分布区主要以华南区与华中区共有物种为主。爬行动物的F指数、G指数、G-F指数(3.471、2.553、0.264)均高于两栖动物(1.830、1.946、-0.063),表示爬行动物的科属多样性与两栖动物相比处在一个较高的水平。保护区内草丛生境中的两栖动物物种数最多,灌丛生境中的爬行动物物种数最多。     

浙江古田山不同森林类型两栖动物群落结构比较

于2014年7—8月和2015年7—8月在浙江省古田山自然保护区的阔叶林、马尾松林、杉木林和油茶林等4种不同森林类型中选取具有一定海拔梯度的样带(1 000 m×5 m)各8条,以遇见法或鸣声法记录并比较两栖动物的群落组成及其特征.结果显示:在4种林型生境中共记录到两栖动物2目6科12属13种709只,其中以华南湍蛙为优势物种,其次是花臭蛙和淡肩角蟾.不同林型生境中物种群落组成有所不同,但两栖动物的个体数与物种数在不同森林类型之间差异并不显著(P0.05).阔叶林和杉木林中两栖动物的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数和Pielou均匀度指数都高于其他两种林型,杉木林型生境中Margalef丰富度指数最高,马尾松林次之.不同森林类型的两栖动物群落相似度系数为0.667~0.987,其中杉木与油茶林中两栖类物种的Morisita-Horn相似度系数最高(0.987).表明不同两栖动物物种对于不同生境具有一定的选择性,两栖类物种分布的差异可能与溪流分布、食物类型、竞争关系等因素有关,而与森林类型并无直接关系.     

二滩水库区两栖类多样性研究

在二滩水库区调查的基础上，结合有关资料，文献分析了两栖动物的区系，两栖动物的生境类型生态类群的多样性，资源类型和利用现状，评价了两栖动物多样性的发展趋势。     

莫莫格国家自然保护区昆虫多样性研究

对莫莫格国家级自然保护区的昆虫进行了系统调查,采用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')、Simpson优势度集中性指数(D)、Pielou均匀度指数(J')及PIE种间相遇率对不同生境优势目昆虫进行了比较分析.结果表明:应用4种多样性指数测度6个优势目昆虫总体多样性时,其结果虽有差别,但都显示碱蓬群落的多样性...     

福建宁德人口聚集区两栖动物多样性现状及保护对策

两栖动物因其生态功能和营养结构中的位置,成为生态系统中重要的类群,对维持群落结构和生态稳定具有重要意义.监测和分析两栖动物多样性,可以准确地掌握种群动态和主要致危因素,进而对其进行及时有效的保护.本研究于2018年4月、6月和8月,在福建宁德样区设置了10条样线,针对两栖动物进行了3次样线调查;依据农田、公路、池塘、河流4种样线类型,用Shannon-Wiener、Simpson和Pielou指数量化不同月份的物种多样性并进行差异性分析,同时分析了人口聚集区对物种多样性的影响.调查期间共监测到两栖动物513只,隶属1目5科9属10种;其中虎纹蛙(Hoplobatrachus rugulosus)为"国家二级"和易危(VU)保护动物、其余9种为国家"三有"保护动物;泽陆蛙(Fejervarya multistriata)、黑眶蟾蜍(Duttaphrynus melanostictus)、沼水蛙(Hylarana guentheri)均具有较高的优势度指数(P_i),为该样区的优势物种.不同月份间物种多样性存在显著差异,6月份的多样性指数均最高.物种的交替出现与生活史周期相吻合,说明该地较适宜两栖动物生存,种间竞争压力不大.人口聚集区对两栖动物的分布具有一定的影响,与人口聚集区的地理距离越远,物种多样性越高.另外,结合当地两栖动物分布格局与经济发展,对其多样性保护提供了对策与建议.     

茂兰国家级自然保护区两栖类物种多样性研究

采用样线、样方法于2016和2017年的5~8月对茂兰国家级自然保护区内两栖类物种多样性进行调查。结果显示:茂兰自然保护区有两栖动物31种,隶属2目7科17属,物种多样性指数为0.29;实验区中板寨两栖动物的种类最多,有23种,其次核心区中的白鹇山和实验区的甲乙区,分别有18种和16种,物种最少的是核心区的干排和缓冲区的肯地,均只有8种两栖类动物;不同样区内物种多样性差异产生的原因是与生境、海拔高度及人为干扰有关。     

白银库伦自然保护区春季鸟类多样性研究

2005年和2006年的3～5月对内蒙古白银库伦自然保护区6种不同生境的鸟类进行了调查研究.共记录到鸟类67种,隶属于9目23科.其中繁殖鸟类57种(留鸟和夏候鸟),国家级重点保护鸟类有11种.根据鸟类的多样性指数、均匀性指数、优势度和相似性系数等群落特征参数对不同生境中的鸟类多样性与生境的关系进行分析,结果表明:保护区内鸟类群落结构与各生境类型内部的空间异质性程度密切相关,生境的空间结构越复杂,则鸟类群落多样性就越高;明水面鸟类群落多样性最高,芨芨草草甸的多样性指数最低}五蕊柳沼泽地鸟类群落的均匀度指数最高,典型草原的最低;各鸟类群落问的相似性指数均较低,表现出各生境鸟类群落结构差异较大;并结合保护区的现状及发展提出保护对策.     

阿拉善地区人为干扰下啮齿动物群落的β多样性

采用标志重捕法对阿拉善荒漠区2002—2010年4种不同人为干扰生境(禁牧区、轮牧区、过牧区和开垦区)中的啮齿动物进行了调查,计算不同生境梯度中啮齿动物群落的Jaccard、Sorenson和Cody指数,分析其在不同生境梯度中的β多样性变化特征.结果表明,3种指数均表现为过牧区到开垦区、禁牧区到开垦区、轮牧区到开垦区的β多样性指数变化较大,且与其他各梯度的差异具有高度统计学意义(p0.01).对各生境鼠种的主成分分析结果表明,不同生境中组成啮齿动物群落的优势种不同,尤其是原生基底荒漠景观被开垦为农田后,其β多样性变化最大,这主要是由于原生植被破碎化后,原有优势鼠种消失和新物种增加所致.     

贵州柏箐喀斯特森林自然保护区两栖爬行动物多样性研究

柏菁喀斯特森林保护区有两栖动物13种,爬行动物24种。运用G-F指数对自然保护区两栖爬行动物进行物种多样性分析。结果表明:爬行动物单型科数仅1科,科中和科间的多样性较高;两栖动物的单型科数达4科,科中和科间的多样性较低;两栖动物和爬行动物的属间的多样性指数相似;但两栖动物科属水平上的物种多样性指数较低。     

浙江松阳县鸟类群落结构和多样性分析

【目的】鸟类是地球生物多样性的重要组成部分，是反映生态环境质量的指示物种。探讨浙江松阳县鸟类群落结构和生物多样性状况，了解珍稀濒危和重点保护鸟类的种类、数量、分布、生境等现状，为当地的生物多样性保护、区域生物多样性监测与评估提供依据。【方法】将松阳县全域范围划分为17个10 km×10 km的工作网格，采用样线法对各网格进行调查，共设置24条样线，生境类型包括林地、农田和湿地3类，调查时间从2020年12月—2021年11月。通过计算物种丰富度指数、香农多样性指数、辛普森指数和均匀度指数对松阳鸟类进行多样性分析，采用双因素嵌套方差分析方法对不同季节、不同生境中鸟类生物多样性进行比较。【结果】(1)全年共观测到野生鸟类249种，分属18目62科。各个季节观测到的鸟类物种数量多少依次为春季>冬季>秋季>夏季，其中春季观测到的鸟类最多，达到195种；夏季最少，为89种；每个季节均观测到的鸟类有52种。各种生境观测到的鸟类数量多少依次为湿地>林地>农田，其中湿地中观测到的鸟类最多，达到140种；农田中观测到的鸟类最少，为109种；各生境均观测到的鸟类有28种。(2...     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.