缝隙冲击射流换热数值模拟

采用标准k-ε模型对非淹没缝隙射流冲击区单相对流换热进行数值模拟.考虑冲击区对流换热的因素有射流的速度、射流出口距冲击板的距离(高度)、喷嘴的宽度、射流出口速度方向与冲击板之间的夹角、冲击板的温度及水温等.研究结果表明:射流速度对冲击区的换热影响最显著,其次是水温及喷嘴的宽度,而射流出口速度方向与冲击板的夹角只影响局部换热系数的分布.     

稳态射流数值模拟中速度参量对传热的影响机制分析

对文献中多个槽缝冲击射流的经典实验结果进行数值模拟,考察RNG k-ε和Transition SST湍流模型的表现,主要分析射流出口中心线和展向、壁面射流区域的雷诺时均速度和湍流度分布,以及靶面换热效果与流场模拟结果之间的关系.模拟结果表明,与Transition SST湍流模型相比,RNG k-ε模型的结果表现出更强的湍流粘性,使得其中心线上速度衰减较快,该效果可能导致低估靶面上的冲击换热效果;而在冲击滞止区域,RNG k-ε湍流模型结果表现出过高的湍动能,该效果可能导致高估靶面上的冲击换热效果.因此,当射流雷诺数较小时,Transition SST模型所得滞止区换热系数要高于RNG k-ε模型的结果,反之亦然;而在壁面射流区域,RNG k-ε模型对于流场速度的模拟较好,但相应区域的传热模拟并没有表现出明显的优越性.     

狭缝射流冲击柱状凸形表面流动换热特性

采用数值方法研究了狭缝射流冲击柱状凸形表面的流动换热特性,通过四种湍流模型计算结果与实验数据对比,确定了湍流模型适用性.以压力梯度分布为依据,重点分析了狭缝射流沿柱状凸形表面的流动结构和边界层分离特点及柱状凸形表面的强化换热特性.结果表明:RNG k--ε和Realizable k--ε模型具有预测适应性;狭缝射流冲击至柱状凸形表面,气体沿表面运动,速度降低,并在流动下游发生边界层分离;量纲一的逆压梯度随量纲一的曲率半径(D/B)的减小而增大,使得边界层分离更早出现;驻点区域换热Nu随量纲一的曲率半径(D/B)的减小而获得增强,但流动进入下游后,D/B对换热基本无影响;压力梯度是影响狭缝射流冲击柱状凸形表面换热分布的重要因素.     

缝隙冲击射流淬火对流换热的影响因素

采用有限元方法对非淹没缝隙射流冲击区单相对流换热进行数值模拟.结合辊式淬火冷却的特点,分析了缝隙射流冲击区对流换热的影响因素如射流速度、射流出口距冲击板的距离(高度)、喷嘴宽度、射流出口速度方向与冲击板之间的夹角、水温等.结果表明:在淬火100 mm厚钢板时,经济实用的工艺参数为射流速度40～45 m.s-1,射流出口距冲击板的距离(高度)20 mm,喷嘴宽度2 mm,射流出口速度方向与冲击板之间夹角45°,水温10～35℃.     

脉冲爆轰发动机近场爆轰噪声特性研究

为探索气液两相脉冲爆轰发动机爆轰噪声形成机理及控制方法,对雾化汽油近场爆轰噪声进行测量分析,建立理论模型并利用时空守恒元/求解元方法(CE/SE)进行数值仿真。结果表明:爆轰噪声主要由冲击噪声和射流噪声组成;冲击噪声在爆轰噪声中占主导作用,并引起爆轰噪声峰值;爆轰噪声峰值与径向距离三次方成反比;在0°、30°、45°和90°方向拟合得到的衰减系数分别为4.3×10-2、3.4×10-2、2.8×10-2和7.0×10-3;脉冲爆轰发动机近场爆轰噪声峰值指向性明显;随着角度的增大,爆轰噪声峰值逐渐降低;随着轴向距离的增加,射流噪声逐渐减小;当轴向距离小于900 mm时,射流噪声衰减速度小于冲击噪声衰减速度,当轴向距离大于1 200 mm时,射流噪声衰减速度大于冲击噪声衰减速度。     

实验研究类螺纹孔旋流冲击射流的冷却特性

为了实现均匀高效的射流冲击冷却,提出了一种新型旋流射流冷却结构,即圆孔内壁等间隔设有4条类似螺纹孔的螺旋槽道。通过实验研究了该喷嘴在不同螺旋角(0°、15°、30°、45°)、雷诺数Re(6000~30000)、冲击距离(1~8倍当量直径)等参数下对靶面换热特性的影响,揭示了该喷嘴冲击射流靶面的换热规律。实验结果表明,增大螺旋槽道角度,靶面的换热系数有所增强。与传统圆孔及无旋多槽道冲击射流相比,同工况下带有一定螺旋角的旋转射流可有效提高靶面的整体换热系数。在2倍和4倍当量直径的冲击距离下,45°类螺纹孔旋流射流换热的驻点努塞尔数Nu比普通圆孔射流分别高出7.4%和11.4%;靶面Nu与Re成非线性正比关系,在较高Re下Nu在靶面中心点以外0.7倍当量直径处出现峰值;随着冲击距离的增大,旋流对靶面冲击换热的作用效果减弱,乃至消失。     

实验研究类螺纹孔旋流冲击射流的冷却特性

为了实现均匀高效的射流冲击冷却,提出了一种新型旋流射流冷却结构,即圆孔内壁等间隔设有4条类似螺纹孔的螺旋槽道。通过实验研究了该喷嘴在不同螺旋角(0°、15°、30°、45°)、雷诺数Re(6000~30000)、冲击距离(1~8倍当量直径)等参数下对靶面换热特性的影响,揭示了该喷嘴冲击射流靶面的换热规律。实验结果表明,增大螺旋槽道角度,靶面的换热系数有所增强。与传统圆孔及无旋多槽道冲击射流相比,同工况下带有一定螺旋角的旋转射流可有效提高靶面的整体换热系数。在2倍和4倍当量直径的冲击距离下,45°类螺纹孔旋流射流换热的驻点努塞尔数Nu比普通圆孔射流分别高出7.4%和11.4%;靶面Nu与Re成非线性正比关系,在较高Re下Nu在靶面中心点以外0.7倍当量直径处出现峰值;随着冲击距离的增大,旋流对靶面冲击换热的作用效果减弱,乃至消失。     

实验研究类螺纹孔旋流冲击射流的冷却特性

为了实现均匀高效的射流冲击冷却,提出了一种新型旋流射流冷却结构,即圆孔内壁等间隔设有4条类似螺纹孔的螺旋槽道。通过实验研究了该喷嘴在不同螺旋角(0°、15°、30°、45°)、雷诺数Re(6000~30000)、冲击距离(1~8倍当量直径)等参数下对靶面换热特性的影响,揭示了该喷嘴冲击射流靶面的换热规律。实验结果表明,增大螺旋槽道角度,靶面的换热系数有所增强。与传统圆孔及无旋多槽道冲击射流相比,同工况下带有一定螺旋角的旋转射流可有效提高靶面的整体换热系数。在2倍和4倍当量直径的冲击距离下,45°类螺纹孔旋流射流换热的驻点努塞尔数Nu比普通圆孔射流分别高出7.4%和11.4%;靶面Nu与Re成非线性正比关系,在较高Re下Nu在靶面中心点以外0.7倍当量直径处出现峰值;随着冲击距离的增大,旋流对靶面冲击换热的作用效果减弱,乃至消失。     

实验研究类螺纹孔旋流冲击射流的冷却特性

为了实现均匀高效的射流冲击冷却,提出了一种新型旋流射流冷却结构,即圆孔内壁等间隔设有4条类似螺纹孔的螺旋槽道。通过实验研究了该喷嘴在不同螺旋角(0°、15°、30°、45°)、雷诺数Re(6 000~30 000)、冲击距离(1~8倍当量直径)等参数下对靶面换热特性的影响,揭示了该喷嘴冲击射流靶面的换热规律。实验结果表明,增大螺旋槽道角度,靶面的换热系数有所增强。与普通圆孔及无旋多槽道冲击射流相比,同工况下带有一定螺旋角的旋转射流可有效提高靶面的整体换热系数。在2倍和4倍当量直径的冲击距离下,45°类螺纹孔旋流射流换热的驻点努塞尔数Nu比普通圆孔射流分别高出7.4%和11.4%;靶面Nu与Re成非线性正比关系,在较高Re下Nu在靶面中心点以外0.7倍当量直径处出现峰值;随着冲击距离的增大,旋流对靶面冲击换热的作用效果减弱,乃至消失。     

基于ALE算法的水射流冲击不规则靶体 冲击压力特征

水射流冲击压力是评判其能否有效破碎物料的力学判据,然不同形状的靶体对射流冲击压力影响较大.基于Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian算法,数值研究了水射流冲击凸面、斜面、平面与凹面钢板过程中的冲击压力特征.研究结果表明:(1)水射流只有在冲击斜面与平面时,其冲击压力才会出现典型的水锤压力阶段与滞止压力阶段,当冲击凹面时出现双峰值特征,而冲击凸面时出现多峰值特征;(2)水射流冲击不同形状的钢板靶体时,水锤压力峰值与射流速度呈二次方关系,水锤压力持续时间与射流速度呈指数关系;(3)在相同的射流速度下,凹面靶体所受水锤压力峰值最大、持续时间最长,凸面靶体所受水锤压力峰值最小、持续时间最短,斜面与平面靶体介于二者之间.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.