工程陶瓷高效深切磨削加工中声发射的实验研究

通过对部分稳定氧化锆(PSZ)和Al2O3两种工程陶瓷材料进行高效深切磨削加工中声发射的实验研究,分析了这两种材料在高效深磨过程中,在不同的砂轮线速度、工作台速度和磨削深度的条件下声发射信号变化的规律;同时也分析了在同一磨削参数下这两种材料对声发射信号的影响. 还分析了砂轮修整前后声发射信号的变化. 进一步在时域分析的基础上,对声发射信号进行了频谱分析. 分析了高效深磨过程中声发射信号的频谱分布范围. 实验研究结果表明,声发射信号与磨削过程有着良好的对应关系,可以利用磨削过程中声发射信号的变化规律实现对工程陶瓷材料高效深磨削过程的监测和控制.     

基于声发射监测的砂轮磨损实验

难加工材料的高硬度和高耐磨性使得磨削加工过程中砂轮的损耗变快,目前主要依靠经验判断砂轮的修整和更换周期,很有可能导致修整不及时的情况发生.本文用声发射信号和磨削力信号共同精确监测砂轮磨损状态,通过分析不同磨损状态的砂轮磨削时对应的声发射信号的特征参数以及磨削力和磨削力比的变化情况,综合判断了实验过程中砂轮的磨损状态.结果表明:声发射信号特征参数都与砂轮磨损状态有一定相关性,且磨削力比与砂轮磨损程度的相关性最大,证明了声发射监测技术在砂轮修整中的有效性,为实际生产加工提供了理论指导.     

声发射磨削接触检测系统的研制

试验研究表明，磨削加工中砂轮与工件接触前后声发射信号发生明显变化，据此讨论了利用声发射检测技术进行磨削接触检测的可行性和先进性，并提出了检测敏感的声发射特征参量和阈值的确定方法。     

基于声发射信号的精密外圆切入磨削加工时间优化及仿真

针对精密外圆切入磨削智能监控的需求,设计了一种基于声发射信号的精密外圆切入磨削加工时间的在线优化算法。通过建立AE信号RMS曲线理论模型,获得了声发射信号与磨削系统时间常数的关系,建立了优化前各阶段AE信号RMS曲线;编写外圆切入磨削加工时间的在线优化算法,通过试验分析磨削系统加工时间对加工精度及表面粗糙度的影响,并对优化算法进行验证,建立优化后各阶段AE信号RMS曲线。试验结果表明:该优化方法能够在保证总去除量不变的情况下缩短加工时间,为精密外圆切入磨削提高加工效率、改善加工工艺提供了重要依据。     

磨削过程声发射信号传播特性研究

分析了磨削加工过程中声发射现象产生机理和声发射信号数学模型,利用新型流体声发射传感器监测磨削加工过程。方法讨论了磨削过程的声发射信号在流体声发射传感器的传播特性,并就液体喷射速度和角度等因素对其传播特性的影响进行了理论分析。     

声发射在磨削难加工材料中的应用

钛合金、高温合金等难加工材料因具有优良的物理机械性能而被广泛应用于航空、航天、航海及其它工业部门中。该类材料在磨削加工中，工件表层极易出现磨削烧伤和微裂纹现象，降低了工件表面完整性，对零件的使用性能产生极不利的影响，限制磨削生产率的提高。监测和预报磨削烧伤是生产中急需解决的问题。该文对钛合金磨削过程中声发射信号特征进行了深入分析，应用时序分析法，建立了关于磨削过程中声发射信号的自回归时序模型，实现     

氧化铝陶瓷磨削金刚石砂轮磨损的声发射监测

阐述了声发射监测工程陶瓷磨削的研究进展,发现目前对金刚石砂轮磨损监测研究基本上是选取声发射信号均方根(即有效值)进行分析,且金刚石砂轮磨损状态的声发射监测准确率不高.为提高金刚石砂轮磨损状态的声发射监测准确率,设计了氧化铝陶瓷磨削声发射实验,并采用支持向量机建立金刚石砂轮磨损状态的分类模型.分析发现氧化铝陶瓷精密磨削中声发射信号最强频谱能量在30~40kHz频段.金刚石砂轮轻度磨损、严重磨损钝化和修锐之后的磨削声发射信号频谱有明显不同;而且磨削声发射信号小波分解系数的方差值能够很好地反映金刚石砂轮磨损状态.结果表明采用磨削声发射信号的小波分解系数方差作为支持向量机判别金刚石砂轮磨损状态的输入特征,金刚石砂轮磨损状态分类测试的准确率达100%.     

用于磨削加工的声发射监测仪的研究

本文在研究切削声发射测量仪的基础上，研制了一种检测磨削加工砂轮与工件接触特性的声发射监测仪，它通过声发射信号的幅度变化准确地同磨削加工过程中砂轮与工件接触特性，实验表明，这种方法具有一定的对刀和测量精度，并上有较高的灵敏度。     

工程陶瓷高速深磨中声发射的实验研究

建立了工程陶瓷高速深磨中声发射的实验系统,自主开发了其中的声发射信号虚拟仪器采集系统.对部分稳定氧化锆(PSZ)和氧化铝进行了高速深磨声发射的实验研究,分析了磨削参数和工程陶瓷材料对声发射信号的影响.研究了砂轮修整前后声发射信号的变化.结果表明,即使在砂轮超高速和大切深下,声发射增加仍较小.选择砂轮超高速、大切深和小的工作台速度对高效低成本磨削工程陶瓷是有利的.运用声发射还可对砂轮磨损状态进行在线监测.     

基于AE信号的新型砂轮点磨削状态监测方法

提出了一种基于声发射(AE)信号对新型点磨削砂轮磨削状态进行实时监测方法.建立了表面粗糙度与AE信号的对应关系,为监测磨削加工表面粗糙度提供了条件.采用单因素实验研究了各参数对AE信号RMS值的影响规律,结果进一步证明了AE信号与表面粗糙度的对应关系.对比分析了砂轮不同磨损状况下的AE信号,依据此信号可对磨削状态进行实时监测.为了区分声发射源性质的异同,对磨削过程中的AE信号进行了频谱分析,砂轮发生磨损时,AE信号在45~65kHz,80~90kHz,100~110kHz频段的能量升高显著,并且在15kHz附近出现了很高的尖峰,为监测磨削状态提供了一种可行且有效的方法.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.