方柱绕流湍流数值模拟方法的对比分析

分别采用大涡模拟(LES)方法和两种雷诺平均N-S方程的模型,即标准k-ε模型和重整化数群k-ε模型(RNGk-ε模型),对方柱绕流进行了三维湍流数值模拟.使用有限元法离散控制方程,使用共轭梯度平方法(BI-CGSTAB)进行流速迭代计算,采用Vzawa法修正压强,以及迎风有限元技术修正有限元的权函数.计算获得了方柱下游回流区长度和速度场,并将它们与实验结果进行了比较.结果表明,大涡模拟方法计算结果最好,标准k-ε模型结果优于RNGk-ε模型计算结果.     

波瓣混合器混合流场中涡结构的数值研究

以FLUENT程序为研究平台,分别采用标准k-ε、RNG k-ε、Realizable k-ε、SST k-ω以及S-A五种湍流模型,对航空发动机混合排气系统中常用的波瓣混合器的流场,进行了三维数值模拟。与实验测量数据对比可知,所采用的计算方法能够较好地描述波瓣混合器复杂流场中流向涡、正交涡形状以及涡量沿流动方向的变化规律。在各种湍流模型中,Realizable k-ε在流向涡以及正交涡涡量大小的描述方面较其他模型更为精确。     

用改进的RNG模式数值模拟湍流冲击射流流动

在Yakhot和Orszag提出的重正化群（RNG）k-ε湍流模式的基础上，对模式系数Cц和近壁处理方法加以改进，并将其推广应用于湍流冲击射流的数值模拟。将计算得到的平均速度分布和湍动能分布与标准k-ε模式的计算结果以及实验数据进行了比较。结果表明，用改进的RNGk-ε模式得到的数值结果与标准k-ε模式的结果相比具有显著的提高，尤其对滞止区附近的湍动能分布预测结果与实验结果具有较好的一致性，这是因为PNGk-ε模式与改进的近壁处理方法相结合有效地降低了涡粘性的预测值，进而引起湍动能预测值的下降，且计算中采用了Cц和Cε1的改进表达式，适当地考虑了流动中各向异性湍流和不平衡应变率影响的结果。该模式在工程湍流计算中具有较好的应用前景。     

基于不同湍流模型的离心泵叶轮内部流场分析

基于计算流体力学数值模拟技术,对一个低比转速离心泵叶轮内部流场流动情况进行分析研究。分别采用4种湍流模型:标准k-ε模型、RNGk-ε模型、Realizable k-ε模型和雷诺应力模型(RSM)及SIMPLE算法,对不同湍流模型及不同工况下的扬程预测曲线,比较计算时间的差别,在此基础上,比较不同模型在设计工况下的流场,并与实验结果进行了对比分析。     

剪切应力输运k-ω湍流模型在细长弹体可压缩分离流中的改进

为研究飞机和导弹的细长体可压缩湍流分离流问题,对剪切应力输运(SST)k-ω湍流模型进行了改进。数值模拟了马赫数2.5和0.7、攻角14°下细长旋成体的湍流分离流场,给出了原SST k-ω模型和改进的SST k-ω湍流模型的细长体背风面极限流线、分离涡的强度和位置、物面压力分布的计算结果,并与实验结果进行了对比。结果表明,对计算细长体可压缩分离流动的绕流特性,SST k-ω模型引入的Bradshaw数(雷诺切应力与湍动能之比)应由0.31修正为10/29,修正后的SST k-ω模型与原SST k-ω模型相比,所计算的分离涡的强度和位置、物面压强分布与实验结果更接近。     

不同湍流模型数值模拟三维轴对称凸体分离流动的比较

采用基于非结构化网格的有限体积法对三维轴对称凸体分离流动进行了数值模拟.分别采用标准k-ε模型、可实现(Realizable)k-ε模型、低Re数k-ε模型、剪切应力输运(Shear Stress Transport,SST)k-ω模型和低Re数SST k-ω模型,进行了数值模拟和计算.给出了计算模型、流场网格以及计算结果,并与实验结果进行了对比,结果发现:低Re数k-ε模型模拟效果最佳,与实验结果最为接近.     

大曲率弯管中湍流的计算与模型考证

一些文献在使用标准k-ε模型预测弯道湍流时缺乏网格无关性检查和湍流参数的比对。本文结合具有详细测量数据的弯道湍流算例,研究了标准k-ε模型结合壁面函数法在不同网格密度时的计算结果。检查表明排除网格依赖性以后,标准k-ε模型与壁面函数法的结合使用可以获得明显优于前人的计算结果,即使是在弯道的后半段,计算结果仍然与实验数据良好地吻合。同时采用当前预测复杂流动时较受欢迎和好评的SST k-ω模型作比对分析,考证两种模型对曲率影响的预测能力。结果表明,SST k-ω模型对于弯道后半段的主流速度和二次流速度预测值优于标准k-ε模型,但对湍流动能和脉动应力的预测结果则显示标准k-ε模型在数值上与实验值更为接近,优于SST k-ω模型的结果。     

四种常用湍流模型在二维后向台阶流数值模拟上的性能比较

利用Fluent软件的四种常用湍流模型（k-ε湍流模型、RNGk-ε湍流模型、Realizablek-ε湍流模型、以及k-ω湍流模型）对雷诺数（Re）处于200到6500之间的二维后向台阶流的性能进行比较分析。得到了各种模型下具有不同雷诺数的瞬时平均流场和时均流场的分布特征,得到了回流区长度和涡心位置与Re的关系,并与齐鄂荣等人所作的实验结果进行了对比分析。     

三种湍流对Scramjet燃烧室冷态流场的数值模拟

为验证从超音速混合层中发展而来的修正可压缩性(包括膨胀可压缩性和结构可压缩性两部分)的k-ε湍流模型对复杂超音速流场的预测能力,对复杂的超音速燃烧冲压发动机(Scramjet)燃烧室冷态流场进行数值模拟.将修正k-ε模型、标准k-ε模型以及标准k-ω SST模型的计算结果与实验结果进行了对比.结果表明,修正k-ε模型能够较好地预测该复杂流场,对湍流动能的预测改进较大,优于k-ω SST的结果,与实验吻合得较好;壁面压力分布以及速度分布在激波附近修正明显,与实验结果更加吻合.     

不同湍流模型比较模拟撞击流

构造了计算撞击流流场分布的数值简化模型，并用有限容积法对间距为H的两个对置平板喷嘴间的湍流作用区域进行数值模拟研究．数值模拟采用了三种湍流模型：标准的k-ε模型、RNG k-ε模型（renormalization group k-ε model）以及雷诺应力模型．数值模拟数据的有效性通过将模拟结果与由对环境温度下两对置喷嘴之间的撞击流试验的结果比较得到证实．通过与实验数据的比较发现，由于考虑了平均流动中的旋转及旋流流动情况，RNG k-ε模型在撞击流区域获得的结果要好于用标准k-ε模型和雷诺应力模型获得的结果．     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.