亚硝酸盐对铜绿微囊藻和四尾栅藻生长和竞争的影响

亚硝酸盐浓度的升高不但会影响藻类的种群密度,而且会影响藻类的群落结构。为了探讨亚硝酸盐对湖泊藻类种群竞争的影响,采用批量培养的方法,研究了不同亚硝酸盐浓度下,铜绿微囊藻和四尾栅藻的生长和竞争,并通过竞争抑制参数对相互的竞争关系进行了分析。结果表明,在实验条件下,两种藻之间存在着竞争抑制作用,四尾栅藻在竞争中占据一定的优势,亚硝酸盐浓度的升高使得四尾栅藻的竞争优势更为明显,加快了铜绿微囊藻的衰退。分析原因,是在高浓度亚硝酸盐(20mg/L、30mg/L)条件下,铜绿微囊藻受到的伤害更大和铜绿微囊藻与四尾栅藻的相互化感作用增强这两方面协同作用造成的。     

不同氮磷质量浓度对鳗池优势藻生长的影响

以铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)、水华微囊藻(Microcystis flos-aquae)、小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)、四尾栅藻(Scendesmus quadricauda)4种鳗池常见优势藻为实验对象,研究不同N、P质量浓度对4种藻生长的影响.结果表明:铜绿微囊藻和水华微囊藻最适生长的N、P质量浓度范围分别为150～350mg/L和0.005～5mg/L,小球藻的最适N、P质量浓度范围分别为25～250mg/L和75～100mg/L,四尾栅藻的最佳N、P质量浓度范围分别为25～150mg/L和50～100mg/L.从实验结果来看,蓝藻和绿藻对N、P的需求差异较大.     

锌(Zn~(2+))对铜绿微囊藻生长和叶绿素荧光特性的影响

研究不同浓度锌(Zn~(2+))对铜绿微囊藻生长和叶绿素荧光特性的影响.结果表明:锌对铜绿微囊藻的吸光度值(OD680)、藻细胞密度、比生长速率、叶绿素荧光参数(Fv/Fm)、电子传递速率(ETo/RC)影响显著.锌(Zn~(2+))浓度越高,对铜绿微囊藻生长的抑制就越明显,当Zn~(2+)的浓度达到0.8mg/L以上时,铜绿微囊藻基本停滞生长甚至死亡.     

微量元素铁对3种水华藻类生长的影响

在温度为25℃,光照强度为2500lx,光暗比为14h∶10h的实验室条件下,研究微量元素铁对3种水华藻类(铜绿微囊藻、小球藻和小环藻)生长的影响.结果表明:当其他营养盐富足时,培养液中的微量元素铁对3种水华藻类的生长均有显著的影响.在培养中期,较高的铁浓度对细胞密度和叶绿素a质量浓度均有明显的促进作用;在培养20d后,当培养液中的铁浓度分别低至0.19~0.24、0.22~0.47和0.15~0.16mg·L~(-1)时,铜绿微囊藻、小球藻和小环藻细胞增殖缓慢.因此,有效调节微量元素铁的浓度也会影响到自然水体中藻类的生长.     

丝状绿藻种植水对栅藻和微囊藻生长的影响

为了探讨丝状绿藻对浮游藻类生长的影响,将不同浓度的丝状绿藻种植水添加到斜生栅藻和铜绿微囊藻的培养液中,测定其生物量的变化. 结果发现丝状绿藻团集纲毛藻和鞘藻种植水对斜生栅藻的生长均表现为一定的低浓度(≤10 %)时有促进作用,高浓度(≥25 %)时具有抑制作用,其中纲毛藻最高浓度处理组(第7 d)的栅藻生物量只有对照的1/6,抑制率为74 %.试验指出2种丝状绿藻所有种植水浓度处理组对铜绿微囊藻的生长均存在不同程度的抑制作用,而且抑制微囊藻的浓度阈值均明显低于栅藻(P＜0.05). 比较发现纲毛藻种植水对栅藻和微囊藻的抑制效应均强于鞘藻(P＜0.05).     

几种除藻剂对铜绿微囊藻生长的毒性效应

研究了3种除藻剂硫酸铜(CuSO4)、双氧水(H2O2)、二氯苯(基)二甲脲(DCMU)对铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)生长的毒性效应。结果表明,Cu2+浓度小于10-4mol/L时,能促进铜绿微囊藻的生长;当浓度达到10-4mol/L时,铜绿微囊藻的OD750值和叶绿素含量明显下降,处理96 h后,2者值均趋近于0,说明该浓度的Cu2+对铜绿微囊藻具有毒性效应。H2O2质量分数为0.002‰时,24 h内对铜绿微囊藻具有明显的抑制作用,之后抑制作用逐步减弱,铜绿微囊藻的OD750值和叶绿素含量逐步恢复至起始水平;H2O2浓度为0.004‰时,随时间的延长,微囊藻生物量和叶绿素含量持续下降,至96 h,OD750值趋近于0,叶绿素含量降至0.15μg/mL,对铜绿微囊藻产生了有效的毒性效应。DCMU浓度为10μmol/L时,藻细胞密度OD750值和叶绿素含量呈明显下降趋势;至48 h,叶绿素含量降为0,说明10μmol/L DCMU对铜绿微囊藻的生长产生了有效的抑制破坏作用。     

铜绿微囊藻对5种抗生素敏感性的研究

研究了铜绿微囊藻对链霉素、氯霉素、氨苄青霉素、G418和卡那霉素5种常用抗生素的敏感性．结果表明．铜绿微囊藻对这5种抗生素都较为敏感，其中尤以链霉素和氨苄青霉素的抑制效果最好，它们完全抑制铜绿微囊藻生长的浓度都不超过1．0μg／mL，而氯霉素、G418和卡那霉素对藻细胞的致死浓度也不超过10μg／mL．这说明5种抗生素均可作为铜绿微囊藻遗传转化的筛选压力．     

三种方法测定AEO9胁迫下铜绿微囊藻生物量

研究了表面活性剂AEO<,9>对铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginoso,)生理生长的影响.通过测定铜绿微囊藻的藻细胞密度、藻液光密度(OD<,650nm>)及叶绿素含量(Chl)3个指标来分析其生长所受影响.得到的结论为:表面活性剂AEO<,9>对铜绿微囊藻的生长都具有促进作用;在浓度为10 mg/L...     

混凝去除铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)的效果研究

取纯培养条件下的铜绿微囊藻水样，分别用三氯化铁、聚合氯化铝、硫酸铝等3种药剂作混凝去除铜绿微囊藻烧杯试验，结果表明：聚合氯化铝混凝效果优于其他2种药剂，具有药剂投加量少(30～40mg／L)、矾花形成快、矾花沉降性能好、除藻效率高等特点．在聚合氯化铝最佳混凝条件下，投加聚丙烯酰胺助凝试验，发现添加6mg／L的聚丙烯酰胺只使除藻效率在原有基础上提高3％．铜绿微囊藻水样的pH对聚合氯化铝的混凝效果有明显影响，产生最佳混凝的pH值范围为6．0～7．0之间．     

鞣花酸对铜绿微囊藻和斜生栅藻的生长抑制作用

采用三种不同浓度的鞣花酸作用于斜生栅藻和铜绿微囊藻,探索了鞣花酸对这两种藻的生长抑制作用.通过同期生长的处理组与对照组的藻细胞数和OD值比较以及抑制率计算t、检验等对实验结果进行分析表明:鞣花酸对铜绿微囊藻和斜生栅藻的最大抑制率都在85%以上,但对铜绿微囊藻抑藻效果更显著.鞣花酸浓度为0.9 mmol/L时,对斜生栅藻的生长有明显的抑制作用;而在0.6mmol/L时就对铜绿微囊藻表现出明显的抑制效应,这些结果可为水华的治理提供理论参考.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.