基于建筑信息模型技术的水电建筑施工节能模式评估方法

水电建筑施工节能问题是目前建筑施工领域亟待解决的重点问题,对水电建筑施工节能模式评估,对于提高建筑工程节能施工技术水平具有重要意义。传统的评估方法计算量大、检验需要通过多次调整,造成评估结果不准。针对上述问题,提出基于建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)技术的水电建筑施工节能评估方法,采用施工工序分析法建立水电建筑施工节能模式总能耗模型,计算出建筑内含能耗、运输能耗、施工能耗,为后续评估过程提供基础数据;将BIM技术与模糊综合评估方法相融合,用于构建评估对象特征矩阵,根据指标评价区间确定评估可变范围并建立建筑施工节能模式模糊评估模型;由评估模型计算所有评价指标的隶属度,将计算结果进行归一化处理得到施工节能模式评估值。实验结果表明,所提方法与传统评估方法相比,评估结果与实测结果更加贴近、评估精度更高。     

建筑节能评估系统软件开发研究

介绍了建筑能耗分析及节能标准的现状，提出了建筑节能评估系统软件开发的基本模型。该模型由输入输出模块、工程数据库模块、建筑能耗分析模块、智能分析模块、节能设计模块、节能评估模块、主控模块七部分组成。同时将集成化和智能化思想贯穿于软件开发的整个过程，并通过计算机编程实现了其中的部分功能。     

浅谈工民建筑节能新材料的实际应用

建筑是耗能较大的项目,不仅生产建材要耗能,更大量的是每年经常性地使用能耗。随着人民生活水平的不断提高,对居住条件舒适性的要求也越来越高,必然带来能耗更大的增加。本文详细介绍了节能新技术、新材料在建筑中的应用,以期对我国工民建筑的节能环保带来一定的帮助。     

造纸投资项目节能评估中能耗计算分析

简要介绍了节能评估中的能耗计算,分析了造纸项目能耗计算过程,希望对节能工作者正确整理数据、计算企业能耗具有一定的参考价值。最后对目前节能评估中存在的一些问题进行了探讨。     

公共建筑用能系统综合能效诊断软件设计

本文面向既有公共建筑节能评估需要,设计出一套公共建筑用能系统能效诊断软件。该软件可实现建筑基本情况记录、建筑能耗分析、建筑能源管理等功能,将降低既有公共建筑节能诊断工作难度。     

我国建筑节能与绿色建筑领域取得的标志性成果

<正>按照《国务院关于印发节能减排综合性工作方案的通知》(国发[2007]15号)的总体要求,截至2010年底,新建建筑施工阶段执行节能强制性标准的比例达到95.4%;组织实施低能耗、绿色建筑示范项目217个,启动了绿色生态城区建设实践;完成了北方采暖地区既有居住建筑供热计量及节能改造1.82亿平方米;推动政府办公建筑和大型公共建筑节能监管体系建设与改造,完成能耗统计33000栋,能源审计4850栋,公示了近6000栋建筑的能耗状况,对1500余栋建筑的能耗进行动态监测。在北京、     

玻璃幕墙在建筑设计中的节能策略分析

本文在简单介绍国内能源消耗问题及节能工作重要意义的基础上,从材料节能、构造节能、辅助节能三个方面对玻璃幕墙的节能设计工作进行了分析和讨论,文章认为,只有在合理选择所使用材料的基础上,做到对这三者的统筹兼顾,并根据建筑所在地区的实际情况有针对性的选择节能方式,才能最大程度上实现节能目标,将建筑能耗压缩在最低水平。     

建筑电气节能设计的探讨

国家“十一五”规划纲要首次将建筑节能工程列入国家十大节能工程。建筑电气能耗在建筑能耗中占有相当大的比例,因此。建筑电气的节能设计就显得尤为重要。建筑节能是能源节约的重点,而建筑电气节能是建筑节能的重要方面。笔者结合工作实践,就建筑电气设计的节能进行了探讨。     

如何在建筑设计中节约能耗

本文通过对建筑能耗种类及建筑环境的分析,提出采暖、空调所代表的建筑设备能耗是建筑节能工作的重点,并指出建筑节能工作的关键问题是把握最初的方案设计。阐述了建筑节能的基本设计手段及各种节能措施。强调建筑师应重视“综合设计过程”,从节能设计实际效果与节能实施成本的统一中寻求最佳的设计方案。     

以施工建设全过程管理助推节能建筑建设

建筑能耗在社会总能耗中占有重大比例，推行节能建筑政策关系到我国可持续发展战略。本文分析了我国节能建筑的现状及建筑过程中存在的主要问题，针对如何更加有效地推动节能建筑建设，我们从施工项目源头上来把握，力促从源头上消除非节能建筑的建设。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.