PSD法在超精密加工质量评价中的应用

功率谱密度法(Power Spectral Density,PSD)从物理意义上来讲就是单位频率内的信号能量,用于描述随机过程的功率与频率之间的关系。PSD法可以用于分析超精密加工表面的形貌特征,也可以分析不同频率在表面形貌中的分布,从而评价加工工艺对超精密加工表面质量的影响。利用一维PSD的方法,评价了磨削硅片、抛光硅片、抛光铜片表面的质量,通过结果分析可知,与表面粗糙度方法相比,PSD方法可以更全面地评价被加工工件的表面质量。因此,需要在实验室教学过程中引导学生关注功率谱密度分析方法,建立功率谱密度函数与超精密加工表面质量之间的关系。     

随机过程的第二类随机谐和函数表达

发展了随机过程的第二类随机谐和函数表达并研究了其性质.证明当随机频率与相位服从独立均匀分布而幅值由频率与目标功率谱密度决定时,随机谐和函数过程的功率谱密度函数精确地等于目标功率谱密度函数.研究第二类随机谐和函数过程的渐进正态性,讨论趋向正态分布的速率,并采用Pearson分布研究1维概率密度函数的性质.研究表明,第二类...     

关于三状态马氏过程的复函数的功率谱密度（英）

得到了关于不可约的三状态马氏过程的复函数的自相关函数与功率谱密度的显式表达式.由三次和五次方程理论得到: 当转移速率矩阵存在相同的特征值时,给出复函数的功率谱密度在[0,+∞)上非单调的一个充要条件;当转移速率矩阵存在不同的非零特征值时,给出复函数的功率谱密度在[0,+∞) 上非单调的一些充分条件.     

随机场的随机谐和函数表达

首先证明,采取随机谐和函数表述二维随机场,则当随机波数与相位服从独立均匀分布、幅值由随机波数和目标功率谱密度共同决定时,随机谐和函数的功率谱密度精确地等于目标功率谱密度.对这类随机谐和函数的平稳性和渐进正态性进行了讨论.进而,将二维随机场的随机谐和函数表达推广至多维,给出了统一表达式.最后,通过数值算例验证了采用随机谐和函数表述随机场的正确性.     

非平稳随机过程功率谱与自相关的关系推导

涉及随机过程的文献或书籍通常只介绍广义平稳随机过程的功率谱密度与自相关函数的关系,即佩利-维纳准则.本文就非平稳随机过程的功率谱与自相关之间的关系进行了推导,结论是功率谱密度与自相关函数的时间平均是1对傅立叶变换.     

关于三状态马氏过程的复函数的功率谱密度(英文)

得到了关于不可约的三状态马氏过程的复函数的自相关函数与功率谱密度的显式表达式.由三次和五次方程理论得到:当转移速率矩阵存在相同的特征值时,给出复函数的功率谱密度在[0,+∞)上非单调的一个充要条件;当转移速率矩阵存在不同的非零特征值时,给出复函数的功率谱密度在[0,+∞)上非单调的一些充分条件.     

周期性平稳过程和数字频谱的计算

在通信工程中,通常把数字信号看作弱平稳过程或离散的弱平稳过程,但在严格意义上它并不符合弱平稳过程的条件,它的自相关函数是时间t的周期函数,称为周期性平稳过程,其功率谱仍可用相关函数来定义。本文证明该谱密度与其任一样本函数的谱密度相等,并列举了一些计算多态数字信号功率谱的例子。     

高速铁路0.01～120 m波段轨道不平顺功率谱密度函数的构建

目前国内外铁路轨道不平顺功率谱密度(power spectral density, PSD)函数的表达式多种多样,但因检测仪器有效测量范围有限,其表征波段范围往往较窄,常以短波、中波或中长波等形式呈现,因此,开展更宽波段轨道不平顺功率谱密度函数的研究对铁道工程领域的科学研究和工程应用具有参考价值。本文对波磨小车与综合检测列车测得的高速铁路轨道(面)不平顺数据进行预处理,采用改进的周期图方法计算和分析其功率谱密度,总结其宽带和周期性成分特征;基于计算所获得的中位轨道不平顺功率谱密度,提出短波[0.01,1) m、中长波[1,120] m以及更宽波段0.01～120 m的轨道不平顺功率谱密度函数的拟合公式,并将本文提出的拟合谱与既有的典型谱进行比对分析。研究结果表明：高速铁路功率谱密度存在多个周期性成分,短波不平顺周期性成分主要与钢轨接头以及波磨相关,中长波不平顺周期性成分主要与无砟轨道结构和32 m简支梁桥的构造形式有关;所提出的短、中长波以及0.01～120 m波段的拟合公式能够很好地表征轨道不平顺功率谱密度的宽带波长特性,且参数少,形式简洁,适用性强。     

最小移频健控信号的特点分析

本文研究和分析了最小移频键控（MSK）的工作原理，通过计算最小移频健控信号的单边功率谱密度函数，并将它与常见的多进制移相键控（MPSK）信号的单边功率谱密度函数进行比较，得出了最小移频健控在功率方面的一个非常重要的优点。     

功率谱密度法在车桥结构疲劳寿命估算中的应用

以随机振动理论、疲劳强度理论和Miner线性累积损伤理论三大理论为研究基础,由峰值分布函数推导出了窄带、宽带随机振动下结构的疲劳寿命估算公式。在研究了标准路面功率谱密度和车轮部分振动模型后推出了车桥结构的响应功率谱密度。将该响应功率谱密度结合宽带随机振动疲劳寿命估算公式,求得车桥结构理论疲劳寿命。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.