多种食醋酸度与微量元素分析

现代医学研究证明,食醋有益但喝醋未必有利健康。因此,研究食醋酸度和微量元素,探究人体健康与它们的关系是非常有意义的。实验在常温下用p H计测定多种食醋的酸度,然后在常压微沸(90℃~95℃)条件下采用V(硝酸)∶V(高氯酸)=4∶1消化食醋,应用火焰原子吸收光谱法和石墨炉法测定不同食醋中金属元素的含量,其中用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了K、Ca、Na、Mg、Mn、Zn、Fe、Cu的含量,用石墨炉法分析研究了食醋中Pb、Cd的含量。研究了测定不同元素时仪器的最佳工作条件、并作了方法精密度的考察,相对标准偏差(n=9)在0.24%~6.19%。结果表明食醋中K、Ca、Na、Mg的含量较高,Mn,Fe、Zn、Cu、Pb的含量较低,Cd的含量未检测出。     

顶空气相法测定醋中的甲醇和乙醇含量

建立一种用于食醋中可能残留的甲醇和乙醇的顶空气相色谱检测方法,并讨论了各种条件对测定的影响.方法采用氢火焰检测器检测,甲醇和乙醇能够完全分离,线性良好,方法检测限分别为8.91mg/L和7.28mg/L,6次测定的相对标准偏差分别为5.31%和3.01%,样品的加标回收率分别为96.9%～94.2%.测定了6种样品中的甲醇和乙醇含量,方法简便、快速、重现性好,基本上能满足食醋中甲醇和乙醇含量的分析.     

食醋中砷含量快速测定方法的研究

研究了一种快速、准确测定食醋中砷含量的方法,即采用常压微波消解样品,使用氢化物－原子吸收法测定食醋中砷含量的方法。方法的加标回收率为93．5％－105％,相对标准偏差为0．6％－0．9％,检出限为0．035mg/L。     

用神经网络-方波溶出伏安法同时检测微量元素

在（pH=1．5）硝酸钾-硝酸溶液中,采用方波溶出伏安法对铜、铅、镉和锌四种金属离子的混合溶液进行信号采集,并用人工神经网络处理方波溶出伏安信号,建立了性能良好的四种金属离子同时测定的神经网络测试模型。用该模型同时对食醋中铜、铅、镉、锌的含量进行了测定,结果表明：人工神经网络能够较好地解决金属离子之间的相互作用和伏安信号干扰问题,食醋样品中此四种金属离子含量的测量结果令人满意。因此,此方法必将在食品分析中有着广阔的应用前景。     

莫尔法测定酱油和食醋中的氯化钠含量

目的:测定酱油和食醋中的氯化钠含量,提醒人们烹饪时不要忽略酱油和食醋中的盐分。方法:用莫尔法测定酱油和食醋中的氯化钠含量。结果:结果表明,老抽中氯化钠含量为21.13 g/100m L,普通生抽为18.79 g/100m L,低盐生抽为13.96 g/100m L,食醋为1.281g/100m L。结论:酱油和食醋中均含有一定量的氯化钠,酱油中含量较高;老抽的含盐量比普通生抽更高;低盐生抽与普通生抽相比,减盐25%左右。     

聚类分析在酱油和食醋质量研究中的应用

通过测定酱油中的总酸、还原糖、总氮、氨基氮、氯化钠、无盐固形物和总固形物,食醋中的总酸、总酯、总糖、还原糖、总氮、氨基氮和固形物的含量,再分别以此数据对酱油和食醋进行聚类分析,得出质量相近的物质聚为一类,为研究各种食品质量提供了一种新途径。     

食醋中乙醇含量的测定

文章采用顶空气相色谱法,对多种市售食醋中的乙醇进行了定量分析。方法是在保留时间定性的基础上,用单点校正法进行定量。结果显示,在所测定的食醋样品中乙醇的含量一般在1.19mg/mL~3.37mg/mL之间,实验的相对标准偏差为1.4%~9.7%,回收率为91.0%~104.9%。为研究各种食醋的香气成分提供了简便、可靠的检测方法。     

ICP-AES法测定中药材宣木瓜中21种元素

建立电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定中药材宣木瓜中21种元素含量的方法.采用微波消解处理样品,并考察了不同元素间相互干扰,采用ICP-AES同时测定21种元素.对所测定元素的相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于4%,回收率在98%~102%之间,结果可信度高.该研究所建立的方法具有简便、快速、准确、灵敏度高的优点,可用于质量控制,并为中药材宣木瓜中21种元素含量测定提供了方法,为进一步开发和利用宣木瓜提供了科学依据.     

微量蒸馏实验教学装置的研制

针对在实践教学中采用传统蒸馏法测定液体样品乙醇含量存在取样量大的缺点,研发了一种微量蒸馏装置,并应用于微量液体样品中乙醇含量的测定。该装置结构简单,使用方便,并在实践教学中用于监测啤酒或食醋发酵过程乙醇含量的变化情况,取得了良好的实践教学效果。     

顺序扫描ICP—AES法测定高纯石墨灰分中14种杂质金属元素的方法研究

本文研究了快速测定石墨灰分中14种杂质元素Al，Ca，Cd，Co，Cr，Cu，Fe，Mg，Mn，Mo，Ni，Ti，V，Zn的分析方法，以满足提纯石墨研究工作对快速了解石墨提纯效果的要求。依据测定样品中各元素的含量情况，实验选择14种元素的分析线。运用ICP—AES谱线轮廓图功能，消除常量元素产生的基体背景干扰。运用干扰系数法进行测定结果校正，并对ICP—AES测定灰分中14种元素的检出线、精密度、准确度进行了测定。结果显示，本方法分析石墨灰分中杂质元素能够满足提纯石墨研究工作的要求。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with