棉花三系杂种的研究和利用

以 2 2个三系杂种F1 和 2个杂种F2 为材料 ,以新陆早 1号和即将推广的新陆早 7号为双对照 ,1 997年在我校农学系试验站进行了第 4年的杂种比较和筛选试验。通过田间观察、室内考种、纤维品质分析、试验数据的方差分析和多重比较 ,特别是与两个对照品种两两对比 ,初步筛选出了标准优势强、纤维品质好的 3个强优组合 ,分别是PA× 61R 9、中A× 61R 9和 2A×中R 1 6。     

对棉花三系在配制杂种中应用价值的研究

将五个陆地棉恢复系和三个雄性不育系进行杂交，得到１５个杂种Ｆ１；并对杂种Ｆ１的重要农艺性状及纤维品质进行了研究．对试验数据的方差分析表明：有关铃重、衣分、纤维长度和整齐度方面杂种Ｆ１间的差异达到极显著的水平，而在皮棉产量、单株吐絮铃数上的差异却是不显著的．不育系中Ａ和ＰＡ在铃重、衣分和绒长上的一般配合力是高度显著的．恢复系４Ｒ—１６在铃重、衣分和纤维整齐度的一般配合力也都达到了极显著的水平．这些试验结果对以后的研究和选育强优杂种是有用的。     

4个哈型胞质棉花杂种性状表现

于1992年实现棉花三系配套以后，即开始强优势组织的选配，比较和筛选工作，1999年已初步育成了几个较好的杂种材料，强优势杂种Co.7-1和Co2-1分别比对照品种新陆早7号增产47．2％和31．9％，且纤维品质优于对照；特别是Co.2-1具有更粉 纤维品质，比强度为22．0cvN.tex^-1，大大优于对照品种（19．5cN.tex^-1)，其次为Co.p-1和Co.2-1，其皮棉产量分别比对照增产23．5％和23．0％，超标差均达5％显著水平，更为可贵的是二者均具有十分优良的纤维品质，2．5％跨长分别为29．53mm和29．33mm，比强度分别达22．47cN.tex^-1和22．97cN.tex^-1,应进一步研究其优良性状的稳定性，为推广应用这些优良杂种做好准备工作。     

两种陆地棉品种棉籽品质分析比较

测定新陆早１号和新陆早３号两种陆地棉品种棉籽仁的水溶性糖、粗脂肪、粗蛋白和氨基酸含量。从这几方面就其棉籽品质进行分析比较，认为新陆早３号棉籽品质优于新陆早１号。     

杂交油菜F1代不育株与正常株产量性状差异比较

通过对３个细胞质雄性不育三系杂交油菜品种和１个细胞核雄性不育两系杂交油菜品种Ｆ１代不育株与正常株的产量性状调查，结果表明：有２个三系杂交种Ｆ１代不育株与正常株的有效分枝数、全株有效角果数、每果粒数、单株粒重等的差异达极显著或显著水平，有１个三系杂交种Ｆ１代不育株与正常株的每果粒数和单株粒重差异达极显著水平，其余性状差异不显著；细胞核雄性不育两系杂交种Ｆ１代不育株与正常株的产量性状差异不显著。     

石河子棉花所自育棉花新品系比较试验总结

本试验参试品系7个。采用随机区组设计，四次重复，地膜栽培，用新陆早一号作对照。通过二年试验，现对7个参试品系在本区的早熟、高产、优质、抗耐病及纤维品质等方面做一评述。     

冬小麦单株籽粒产量与其构成性状的遗传分析

以６个具有代表性的小麦品种（系）为供试亲本，按照Ｇｒｉｆｉｎｇ方法２进行完全双列杂交，对杂种Ｆ１的单株籽粒产量及其构成性状（单株粒数、单穗粒数、单穗粒重、千粒重）分别进行杂种优势分析、亲子相关分析及通径分析。结果表明：（１）杂种Ｆ１的单株籽粒产量杂种优势最强，其它４个性状依次为单穗粒重＞单株粒数＞单穗粒数＞千粒重。（２）单穗粒数在低值亲本（ＬＰ）上亲子间呈显著正相关，其它４个性状在各亲本类型上亲子间的相关均未达到显著水平。（３）单株籽粒产量的提高主要依赖于单株粒数的增加，其次是单穗粒重和千粒重，单穗粒数对单株籽粒产量的贡献较小。     

棉花新品种比较试验

经比较参试品种中综合表现最好的是新陆早10号 ,霜前皮棉产量较对照增产7.40 % ,全生育期129天 ,较对照短7天 ,属特早熟、丰产、优质、抗枯、耐黄品种。其次是中36,霜前皮棉产量较对照减产8.53 % ,全生育期135天 ,较对照短1天 ,属早熟、优质、抗病品种。新陆早7号仍是无病和轻病区的主栽品种     

转Bt基因抗虫棉杂交种成铃分布及棉铃发育动态的研究

在同等肥力条件下，对转Ｂｔ基因抗虫棉照样泗棉３号Ｆ１、Ｆ２代种、苏棉６号Ｆ１、Ｆ２代种与对照泗棉３号、苏棉６号进行了棉铃发育的研究。结果表明：（１）抗虫棉Ｆ，代优质桃比例高于对照。Ｆ２代低于对照：成铃比例玮对照趋势一致，即中部〉下部〉上部，内围〉外围。（２）在棉铃发育性状上，Ｆ１代杂交优热明显，长度、横径、体积都 对照，Ｆ２代则表明有一定退化；（３）单铃籽棉重及籽棉产量均表现为Ｆ１代高于对照，Ｆ２     

不同水分条件下源库调节对膜下滴灌棉花产量和品质的影响

以新陆早13号（中等叶型品种）、新陆早10号（小叶型品种）、标杂A1（鸡脚叶杂交棉品种）3个不叶型的棉花品种为试验材料，在膜下滴灌条件下，设置3个土壤水分梯度，分别控制0～60cm土壤含水量的滴水下限为田间持水量的85％～90％（高水）、70％～75％（中水）、55％～60％（低水），滴水上限均为田间持水量，并在花铃期不同程度地减源减库，研究棉花源库调节对产量和品质的影响及对土壤水分的响应。结果表明：减源减产比减库减产的影响大，适直范围内源不足引起的产量损失，可通过增加水分来弥补，减源减库过度则不可能通过水分来弥补，而这种水分调节作用也是通过表现在水分调节了单株结铃数的增加而实现的。品种间，新陆早10号减源和减库减产的程度最大，新陆早13号次之，标杂A1减产效应最小，且标杂A1在土壤水分充足条件下产量最高。品种遗传特性和土壤水分状况是影响棉纤维品质的主要因素，源库处理对其影响不明显，综合分析结果表明，与其他2个品种相比标杂A1的品质较优。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.