多路振弦传感器同步测频系统设计

针对多路振弦传感器测频系统多采用分时异步的测量方式,无法满足桥梁等大型建筑动态响应的测量需求,提出一种同时激振-分时测量的同步测量方案;根据该方案设计了一套多路振弦传感器同步测频系统。系统以Cortex-M4处理器为核心,采用Rife-Quinn算法进行频率计算。对系统进行实验测试,测试结果表明:系统能完成4通道振弦传感器的同步测量,无噪声条件下的测频相对误差小于0.007%;输入1 kHz、峰值为2μV~3.4 mV范围的正弦信号,系统测频相对误差小于0.005%,标准差小于0.04 Hz;加入白噪声干扰,信噪比在-9~9 dB范围内,系统的测频相对误差小于或等于0.2%。     

舵机减速器转角测量误差分析与补偿

在舵机系统的力能传递测试实验中,减速器转角的测量精度是反映舵机特性的重要指标.由于机械安装、零件加工、控制算法采样量化误差和传感器非线性等因素综合影响,角度实测值与理论值之间存在误差并影响测量精度.本文以带有光栅传感器的舵机减速器作为研究对象,通过物理分析、数值计算与系统建模等手段分析了机械、传感器和控制算法采样量化等原因引入的测角误差,提出将机械偏心和传感器非线性作为系统误差,采用最小二乘法构建角度误差指标函数,通过优化指标函数获得由于控制算法采样量化造成角度误差的补偿量的观点.仿真曲线给出了动态静态加载时的误差曲线,以某型舵机减速器为测试设备的实验依此方法进行数据处理,实验结果将测角精度提高了一个数量级(30″),证明了此方法的有效性.     

金属封装式FBG传感器设计及应变传递试验

为实现对被测基体结构应变的精确测量,设计一种基于金属封装粘贴式光纤光栅应变传感器,建立了6层结构的应变传递模型,分析推导了被测基体层、基底粘胶层、封装基底层、光纤粘胶层、保护层及光纤光栅层的应变传递机理,并通过理论分析和有限元仿真对比分析了光纤光栅长度、光纤粘胶层厚度、基底粘胶层厚度、中间层的弹性模量和泊松比等主要因素对平均应变传递率的影响.根据仿真结果,确定所设计的金属封装粘贴式光纤光栅传感器的封装材质、尺寸及粘胶层厚度.最后通过设计等强度悬臂梁作为施加载荷载体,提出应变传递误差修正系数,对上述铝合金封装粘贴式光纤光栅及裸光纤光栅传感器进行了应变传递对比试验.结果表明,裸光纤光栅和金属封装式光纤光栅传感器的平均应变传递率分别为98.25%和98.15%,与仿真计算误差在0.15%~0.25%以内.     

神经网络在光栅系统动态测量精度分析中的应用

设计了一种基于计量光栅的光栅全系统动态测量精度分析装置。针对实验所得的此光栅系统在五种不同速度下的动态测量误差，对误差特性进行了分析，并应用ＢＰ神经网络进行其误差分布特性的预测及动态测量误差的预报，结果表明ＢＰ神经网络可用于动态测量中的误差预报，从而可为动态测量误差预测、修正与补偿提供有效的手段和依据。     

基于LS-SVM的超磁致伸缩致动器数据驱动建模方法研究

针对超磁致伸缩材料(GMM)的强非线性特征,提出了一种新的超磁致伸缩驱动器(GMA)实验系统及其数据驱动建模方法.实验中的测量数据取自光栅传感器,采用数据驱动原理,基于最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)实现了GMA的非线性建模.对模型性能进行了实验评估,预测了GMM棒的动态特性,并讨论了驱动电压对输出特性的影响.实验结果显示,该模型能较好地预测GMA的制动输出,预测误差在0.05%以内.     

利用光栅位移传感器实现自由曲面的自适应跟踪测量

针对非接触自由曲面测量中激光位移传感器的非线性误差问题,设计了基于LabVIEW的光栅位移反馈系统,其采用调用动态链接库的方式完成数据采集.通过对反馈系统的线性度和回程误差进行实验分析,结果表明,该方法能够实现自由曲面的自适应跟踪测量,可保证激光测头跟随被测曲面的轮廓上下调整,使传感器工作在线性测量范围内.     

一种振弦传感器自适应拾振方法

振弦传感器输出的频率信号信噪比低、衰减快,容易受到干扰而造成测量精度下降。为提高有噪声环境下,振弦式传感器测频系统的计算精度,提出了一种基于快速傅里叶变换的自适应拾振方法。该方法使用数字傅里叶滤波自动滤除噪声干扰,然后利用Quinn算法进行高精度频率计算。在基于STM32处理器平台的振弦传感器测频系统中进行该方法的实验测试,测试结果表明:在无噪声干扰情况下,系统的频率测量相对误差小于0.01%;在严重白噪声干扰情况下(信噪比为-20 d B),系统的频率测量相对误差小于0.3%。与其他的测频方法比较,该方法具有更好的抑制噪声能力和测频精度。     

光纤Bragg光栅的传感原理及实验分析

光纤传感器作为一种先进的传感器,有许多优点,它的用途必然越来越广泛.本文着重研究了光纤布拉格光栅的应变和温度特性,通过实验所测的光栅应变系数和光栅温度系数与理论计算值很相符,为光纤Bragg光栅在电力、石油、化工等领域的温度和应变监测提供了理论依据和实验数据.     

减小光栅传感器测量信号误差的研究

在光栅传感器测量系统中，为了提高测量信号的精度，需要对系统输出信号的误差进行研究。介绍了莫尔 条纹的产生和光栅传感器测量系统，对测量系统的误差进行了分析，提出了利用基于误差修正技术的光栅测量系 统减小光栅测量信号的系统误差的方法，以及利用滑动平均滤波与中值滤波结合的方法减小动态莫尔条纹信号中 的随机误差，总结了设计光栅传感器测量系统的关键技术。仿真结果表明#混合滤波方法可以有效地减小动态莫 尔条纹信号中的噪声干扰，且算法简单。     

光纤布拉格光栅压力传感器的研究

简要介绍了光纤布拉格光栅的传感原理,理论分析了弹性元件平膜片的受压变形规则,并将光纤布拉格光栅粘贴在自行设计的不锈钢平膜片上,构成了基于膜片的光纤布拉格光栅压力传感器,给出了光纤布拉格光栅的布拉格波长偏移量与压力的关系表达式。实验结果表明,光纤布拉格光栅压力灵敏度系数达到2.9pm/kPa,与理论分析值基本相符.另外,传感器在所测压力范围内呈现出很好的线性特性、重复性,适合于易燃易爆场合的压力测量。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

<正>~~     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to