Evolution of the Xiaotian-Mozitan fault and its implications for exhumation of Dabie HP-UHP rocks

The Xiaotian-Mozitan fault （XMF） located north of the Dabie orogenic belt separates the North Dabie complex to the south from the Beihuaiyang low-grade metamorphic rocks to the north. It comprises several NW-striking ductile shear zones and brittle faults. The brittle faults obviously overprinted on the ductile shear zones and promoted the development of the volcanic basins in early Cretaceous to the north, which suggests that the brittle faults were normal faults formed in early Cretaceous during doming of the Dabie orogenic belt. The ductile shear zone superposed on the north Dabie gray gneiss, and it is an important channel where the Dabie HP-UHP rocks exhumed. For obtaining new structural constraint on exhumation of the HP-UHP rocks, we present here experimental results on the microstructure, quartz C-axis fabrics and the microprobe analyses of phengite. The ductile shear zone was determined to be formed at a temperature of 600-650 ℃ and pressure of 1.1 GPa by the mineral deformation, microprobe analyses and geobarometry of Si-in-phengite of the mylonite, the results suggest that the mylonite now exposed on the surface experienced an upper amphibolite-facies metamorphism in the lower crust. The mineral stretching lineation varies from horizontal in the east segment to sub-dip in the west. Shear sense indicators from outcrop and thin sections of orientated specimen and quartz C-axis fabrics suggest that the XMF is a sinistral normal fault. The kinematics analysis of the ductile shear zone indicates that the exhumation of Dabie HP-UHP rocks is the results of a SE-directed extrusion and an anticlockwise rotation around its eastern pivot simultaneously.     

濑劳-龙庄断裂特征研究

右江断裂带是一条活动性断裂带,处于桂西断块区内.该区对地震事件有记载以来,沿断裂带曾发生了多次.4.0～5.0级的地震,属于中强地震带.濑劳-龙庄断裂是右江断裂带思林-坛洛段的重要组成部分.文章在濑劳-龙庄断裂进行野外调查的基础上,采用构造解析的方法,对该断裂的构造样式、构造变形作用、内部分带特征等进行分析研究,探讨了...     

山东沂水县水文地质条件与分区探讨

本文应用地质学及水文地质学的理论与方法,根据十几年的山区地下水开发实践中掌握的第一手资料,探讨了沂水县区域地质、地质构造、地下水的补给、径流和排泄条件。并根据不同的水文地质条件,研究划分了富水地段,为山区地下水开发研究提供了资料,为供水提供了依据。     

Longling-Lancang fault zone in southwest Yunnan, China——A newly-generated rupture zone in Continental crust

The Longling-Lancang fault zone, consisting of sets of en echelon or clustered faults, is a newly-generated rupture zone. It is characterized by the distribution of active faults, earthquake faults and earthquakes in zones. Formed in the Early-Middle Pleistocene, still active in the late, it moves dextrally and extensionally. It tends to cut off the locked segments and discontinuous segments at first, then pervades totally along the zone, accompanied by strong earthquakes.     

广东恩开断裂带新构造活动特征

恩开断裂带是华南沿海地区重要的断裂带之一,长约160km,由3条大致平行展布的北东向断裂组成,其中苍城—海陵断裂(F₁)、均安断裂(F₂)倾向北西,鹤城—金鸡断裂(F₃)倾向南东。这3条断裂在第三纪主要作张性正断层运动。约在上新世末或第四纪初,断裂带受到北西西—南东东方向的强烈挤压,北东向断裂转为压性活动。然而,约在中更新世开始,挤压力逐渐减弱,加之,华南沿海地区水平挤压力有从南往北减弱的趋势,断裂带南段,挤压力仍足以使断裂上盘逆冲上升,形成逆断层地貌;继续往北,水平挤压力与重力大小相近,两者平衡使断层两盘处于动态稳定之中,差异升降弱;再往北,水平挤压力更弱,重力均衡使断裂再次发生正断层运动。约在晚更新世开始,区内的一系列北西向断裂形成或复活,由于与主压应力方向夹角小,断裂面摩擦力小而比北东向断裂更易发生错动,使北东向断裂多处被切。北西向断裂的活动一方面限制了北东向断裂的平移,另一方面释放了部分应变能,最终使北东向断裂的活动性降低。     

断裂带中岩石硅化的微束研究

断裂带中岩石的硅化现象,通常称之为硅化岩或硅化破碎带,即经动力变质作用的断层岩,通过微束技术对其观察,它们显示出下列特征:在扫描电镜(SEM)下,硅化物质表现为细脉状,而在偏光里微镜下则表现为浸染状;对硅化岩进行组构观察,可见压扁 S 面和剪切 S 面;在透射电镜(TEM)下,可进一步区别不同的位错现象;断裂带岩石的硅化现象是受组成岩石的化学元素的构造地球化学作用所制约的,包括动力分异和化学亲和作用,动热变质作用和退化变质作用,氧化和还原作用以及脱水和水解作用。     

商南-商城断裂带中段大型韧性走滑剪切带研究

商南－商城断裂带中段的韧性剪切带是由多条糜棱岩带及其所夹的变质岩块体组成的大型韧性剪切带。它是以简单剪切为主要变形机制的、于绿片岩相温压条件下形成的韧性剪切带。剪切带内糜棱岩的塑性变形和恢复重结晶作用强烈。糜棱叶理产状多较陡倾，ａ线理近水平，表明为走滑断裂。大量不对称旋转构造指示该剪切带早期为左行剪切，后期在不同地段又叠加上程度不同的右行剪切     

浙江元古代地体构造的研究

江山－绍兴断裂带代表了会稽元古代地体和陈蔡元古代地体的碰撞拼贴带，双溪坞群和陈蔡群在岩石组合和地质地球化学方面存在较大差异，分属于会稽地体和陈蔡地体的物质组成，地体碰撞始于距今１０亿年前，结束于８．５～８．０亿年前，拼贴带内存在着双溪坞群，陈蔡群，超镁铁质和镁铁质岩块及尖壳碎片组成的构造混杂体。     

Slip rate along the Lijiang-Ninglang fault zone estimated from repeating microearthquakes

Seismicity and slip rates along the Lijiang-Ninglang fault zone between 1999 and 2006 were investigated with the waveform data recorded by the Yunnan digital Seismic Network. The relocated seismicity by the double difference method clearly exhibits different features between the northern and southern segments. More than 76% earthquakes occurred in the southern segment of the fault near the Lijiang area. The relocated seismicity appears to reflect the crustal velocity structure of the study area. Using cross-correlation analysis, we identified a total of 92 doublets and 70 multiplets that show high waveform similarity. Most of these sequences are aperiodic with recurrence intervals varying from a few minutes to hundreds of days. Using two sequences that occurred regularly over the study period, we obtained a fault slip rate of approximately 5 mm/a at ∼23 km, in good agreement with geologic and surface GPS measurement. Supported by National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2004CB418405) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40174014)     

引细入兰输水工程主洞线优化研究

该区属岩性较简单,构造较复杂的地区.新发现的较大断层8条.对工程产生较大影响的是F4和F18断层.测区内发现磁铁石英岩残留体、粗面斑岩、大理岩、钠长岩等新岩石类型.原设计主洞线F5-F6之间洞线将平行F4穿越330m的断层破碎带.我们建议优化洞线避开断层破碎带,使遂洞穿越工程地质条件较差的浪子山组二云片岩的距离减少1600m,洞线总长度不变,支洞亦可布置,达到优化的目的.     

确定矿井断裂带垂向导水性的方法研究

本文结合矿山探采实际情况．根据理论分析与实践经验．总结概括出确定矿井断裂带垂向导水性的九种方法．利用单一或多种方法的结合，结合具体条件．可确定或推断矿井各断裂垂向是否导水或其导水性程度．并用实例说明了这些方法的可行性及有效性．     

Genesis of continental seismogenic zone and a new fault zone model

Experiments were conducted repeatedly on Mannari granite under different temperature and confining pressure conditions. Systematic micro- and submicro-structural and mechanical analyses of granite samples deformed under 1.5 GPa (confining pressure), at 25℃—650℃temperatures and at 2× 10^-6 s^-1 strain rate show the brittle-ductile deformation microstructures and microstructural associations similar to those observed in naturally deformed crustal rocks and minerals. Brittle fracturing and crystalline plasticity co-exist and react with each other in the brittle-ductile transition domain of the continental lithosphere. The interaction between the different mechanisms in the transitional domain results in the variation of anomalous strength values, which may best explain the genesis of the continental seismogenic zone. A new fault zone model is proposed on the basis of detailed micromechanical and microstructural analyses.     

塔北喀拉玉尔滚断裂系构造特征及地质意义

喀拉玉尔滚断裂系位于塔里木盆地北部,是塔北系列北西向展布的断裂之一。为了研究喀拉玉尔滚断裂系性质以及对塔北构造格局的影响,通过野外考察以及地震剖面解释,得出喀拉玉尔滚断裂为一条北西向右旋走滑断裂,受挤压-剪切作用,伴生北喀、中喀和南喀3个雁列褶皱以及次级断裂,为典型走滑断裂展布形态。喀拉玉尔滚断裂带由古生界北西向构造带继承演化而来,曾经历古生代强烈挤压构造运动、中生代平静沉积、新生代斜冲运动3期构造作用,形成了现今地表构造样式。喀拉玉尔滚断裂带处在乌什-温宿构造单元和库车-塔北构造单元之间,对两侧变形、差异压缩起到调节作用。喀拉玉尔滚走滑断裂及其伴生构造的发育可能对油气的运移和聚集产生有利条件。     

草峪岭隧洞F29断层带施工方法

根据F29断层带地质情况,并结合草峪岭隧洞施工实践,介绍了隧洞穿越F29断层带的施工方法,提出了施工中应注意的问题。     

大别山东缘郯庐断裂带早期韧性剪切带的形成温度

年龄的解释强烈依靠于构造热事件的发生温度和矿物的封闭温度,在缺少构造热事件的温度资料的情况下,很难对年龄数据做出正确合理的解释。文章利用白云母-绿泥石地质温度计,计算了大别山东缘郯庐早期左旋走滑韧性剪切带的形成温度,获得了350～450℃的温度区间,并且多数温度值位于430～450℃之间。该温度值大于40Ar/39Ar法中白云母的封闭温度,从而由主要以残斑形式存在的白云母获得的年龄值记录了郯庐断裂带的活动时间,190Ma左右的白云母年龄值为接近于韧性剪切带变形年龄的冷却年龄。并由此年龄和温度数据得出郯庐断裂带形成于大别造山带造山作用后期。该韧性剪切带形成温度明显低于所叠加的造山带高角闪岩相变质岩,也指示为造山后期走滑运动的结果。     

渤海湾盆地形成机制研究

从渤海湾盆的几何形态,盆地边界的走滑构造和内部的伸展构造分析,结合盆地的沉积特征和沉部地质特征的研究,提出渤涨湾盆地的拉造成因模式。     

江南断裂带(皖南段)的变形特征及震旦纪以来的构造演化

主要对发育在皖南段的江南断裂带变形特征进行了讨论。并以“开”“合”机制为基本思想，对江南断裂带自震旦纪以来的构造演化史进行了分析，确定了该断裂活动从伸展（同生断层）—逆冲推覆—伸展（断陷）—逆冲（走滑）这一演化序列。     

非发震断层场地地震动力响应特性研究

建立了12个理想化断层场地模型,采用粘弹性人工边界及相应的波动输入方法,用二维动力有限元分析了非发震断层场地的动力响应。结果表明,断层对场地的地震动有明显的影响,距断层越近的场地震动的放大系数越大。对于垂直断层,场地的振幅放大效应对称分布,而倾斜断层对其上盘地震动的影响要大于下盘场地地震动的影响。断层破碎带厚度变化对场地的地震动影响不大,而断层的深度变化对场地地震动的影响作用明显。断层破碎带边界处发生了强烈的波型转换,而中间位置波型转换较小。     

破碎断层变形破坏过程的试验研究

范各庄矿F0断层是一条走向贯穿整个井田的破碎断层,极大地影响了该矿采区布置及矿井深部开拓,对矿井的安全生产具有重大威胁。为了研究F0断层在采动影响下的变形破坏过程,采用电镜、薄片及蠕变力学试验方法分别对断层物质的原样和3种含水量、5组样品的复制样进行了分析研究。试验表明:围压效应、结构效应、含水量效应均对断层物质的性质产生巨大影响;断层物质具有明显的流动变形特征;结构面的存在、承压水的作用以及围压的改变极大地影响着断层物质的性质。试验研究结果对于分析断裂滞后突水具有重要意义。     

郯庐断裂带演化动力学——多力源多时期分段作用模式

提出了郯庐断裂带的演化动力学--多力源多时期分段作用模式.早-中侏罗世,扬子与华北地块碰撞后的持续会聚力、古太平洋板块的挤压力(安第斯型)联合作用于郯庐断裂带,产生了左旋压扭活动.晚侏罗世,西太平洋型的古太平洋板块挤压力作用机制率先作用于中国大陆边缘的北部地区,并一直持续到古近纪.其在郯庐断裂带中、北段诱发出上地幔上涌力,使其产生了右旋拉张活动;郯庐断裂带南段直至晚白垩世才受到这种机制作用.晚新生代以来,西太平洋俯冲带后退,上地幔上涌力作用已退到边缘海地区,郯庐断裂带全段受到边缘海地区上地幔上涌力诱发的次级挤压作用力,形成了右旋挤压活动.